INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON STANDARDS OF TRAINING, CERTIFICATIONAND WATCHKEEPING FOR SEAFARERS, 1978
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON STANDARDS OF TRAINING, CERTIFICATIONAND WATCHKEEPING FOR SEAFARERS, 1978
Whole document
TABLE OF CONTENTS
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification
and watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978 Annex
Chapter I. General Provisions
Regulation I/1 Definitions
Regulation I/2 Content of Certificates and Form of Endorsement
Regulation I/3 Principles Governing Near-Coastal Voyages
Regulation I/4 Control Procedures
Chapter II. Master-Deck Department
Regulation II/1 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping a
Navigational Watch
Regulation II/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Masters and Chief Mates of Ships of 200 Gross Register Tons or More
Regulation II/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Officers in Charge of a Navigational Watch and of Masters of Ships of Less
than 200 Gross Register Tons
Regulation II/4 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Officers in Charge of a Navigational Watch on Ships of 200 Gross Register
Tons or More
Regulation II/5 Mandatory Minimum Requirements to Ensure the
Continued Proficiency and Updating of Knowledge for Masters and Deck
Officers
Regulation II/6 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Ratings Forming
Part of a Navigational Watch
Regulation II/7 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping a Watch
in Port
Regulation II/8 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for a Watch in Port
on ships Carrying Hazardous Cargo
Chapter III. Engine Department
Regulation III/1 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping an
Engineering Watch
Regulation III/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Chief Engineer Officers and Second Engineer Officers of Ships Powered by
Main Propulsion Machinery of 3000 kW Propulsion Power or More
Regulation III/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Chief Engineer Officers and Second Engineer Officers of Ships Powered by
Main Propulsion Machinery between 750 kW and 3000 kW Propulsion Power
Regulation III/4 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Engineer Officers in Charge of a Watch in a Traditionally Manned Engine
Room or Designated Duty Engineer Officers in a Periodically Unmanned
Engine Room
Regulation III/5 Mandatory Minimum Requirements to Ensure the
Continued Proficiency and Updating of Knowledge for Engineer Officers
Regulation III/6 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Ratings Forming
Part of an Engine Room Watch
Chapter IV. Radio Department
Regulation IV/1 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Radio Officers
Regulation IV/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements to Ensure the
Continued Proficiency and Updating of Knowledge for Radio Officers
Regulation IV/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certification of
Radiotelephone Operators
Chapter V. Special Requirements for Tankers
Regulation V/1 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Training and
Qualifications of Masters, Officers and Ratings of Oil Tankers
Regulation V/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Training and
Qualifications of Masters, Officers and Ratings of Chemical Tankers
Regulation V/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Training and
Qualifications of Masters, Officers and Ratings of Liquefied Gas Tankers
Chapter VI. Proficiency in Survival Craft Regulation VI/1 Mandatory
Minimum Requirements for the Issue of Certificate of Proficiency in
Survival Craft
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON STANDARDS OF TRAINING, CERTIFICATION AND
WATCHKEEPING FOR SEAFARERS, 1978
The Parties to this Convention,
Desiring to promote safety of life and property at sea and the
protection of the marine environment by establishing in common agreement
international standards of training, certification and watchkeeping for
seafarers,
Considering that this end may best be achieved by the conclusion of an
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and
Watchkeeping for Seafarers,
Have agreed as follows:
Article I General Obligations under the Convention
(1) The Parties undertake to give effect to the provisions of the
Convention and the Annex thereto, which shall constitute an integral part
of the Convention. Every reference to the Convention constitutes at the
same time a reference to the Annex.
(2) The Parties undertake to promulgate all laws, decrees, orders and
regulations and to take all other steps which may be necessary to give the
Convention full and complete effect, so as to ensure that, from the point
of view of safety of life and property at sea and the protection of the
marine environment, seafarers on board ships are qualified and fit for
their duties.
Article II Definitions
For the purpose of the Convention, unless expressly provided
otherwise:
(a) "Party" means a State for which the Convention has entered
into force;
(b) "Administration" means the Government of the Party whose flag
the ship is entitled to fly;
(c) "Certificate" means a valid document, by whatever name it may
be known, issued by or under the authority of the Administration or
recognized by the Administration authorizing the holder to serve as stated
in this document or as authorized by national regulations;
(d) "Certificated" means properly holding a certificate;
(e) "Organization" means the Inter-Governmental Maritime
Consultative Organization (IMCO);
(f) "Secretary-General" means the Secretary-General of the
Organization;
(g) "Sea-going ship" means a ship other than those which navigate
exclusively in inland waters or in waters within, or closely adjacent to,
sheltered waters or areas where port regulations apply;
(h) "Fishing vessel" means a vessel used for catching fish,
whales, seals, walrus or other living resources of the sea;
(i) "Radio Regulations" means the Radio Regulations annexed to, or
regarded as being annexed to, the most recent International
Telecommunication Convention which may be in force at any time.
Article III Application
The Convention shall apply to seafarers serving on board sea-going
ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party except to those serving on
board:
(a) warships, naval auxiliaries or other ships owned or operated
by a State and engaged only on governmental non-commercial service;
however, each Party shall ensure by the adoption of appropriate measures
not impairing the operations or operational capabilities of such ships
owned or operated by it, that the persons serving on board such ships meet
the requirements of the Convention so far as is reasonable and
practicable;
(b) Fishing vessels;
(c) pleasure yachts not engaged in trade; or
(d) wooden ships of primitive build.
Article IV Communication of Information
(1) The Parties shall communicate as soon as practicable to the
Secretary-General:
(a) the text of laws, decrees, orders, regulations and instruments
promulgated on the various matters within the scope of the Convention;
(b) full details, where appropriate, of contents and duration of
study courses, together with their national examination and other
requirements for each certificate issued in compliance with the
Convention;
(c) a sufficient number of specimen certificates issued in
compliance with the Convention.
(2) The Secretary-General shall notify all Parties of the receipt of
any communication under paragraph (1) (a) and, inter alia, for the
purposes of Articles IX and X, shall, on request, provided them with any
information communicated to him under paragraphs (1) (b) and (c).
Article V Other Treaties and Interpretation
(1) All prior treaties, conventions and arrangements relating to
standards of training, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers in
force between the Parties, shall continue to have full and complete effect
during the terms thereof as regards:
(a) seafarers to whom this Convention does not apply;
(b) seafarers to whom this Convention applies, in respect of
matters for which it has not expressly provided.
(2) To the extent, however, that such treaties, conventions or
arrangements conflict with the provisions of the Convention, the Parties
shall review their commitments under such treaties, conventions and
arrangements with a view to ensuring that there is no conflict between
these commitments and their obligations under the Convention.
(3) All matters which are not expressly provided for in the Convention
remain subject to the legislation of Parties.
(4) Nothing in the Convention shall prejudice the codification and
development of the law of the sea by the United Nations Conference on the
Law of the Sea convened pursuant to resolution 2750 C (XXV) of the General
Assembly of the United Nations, nor the present or future claims and legal
views of any State concerning the law of the sea and the nature and extent
of coastal and flag State jurisdiction.
Article VI Certificates
(1) Certificates for masters, officers or ratings shall be issued to
those candidates who, to the satisfaction of the Administration, meet the
requirements for service, age, medical fitness, training, qualification
and examinations in accordance with the appropriate provisions of the
Annex to the Convention.
(2) Certificates for masters and officers, issued in compliance with
this Article, shall be endorsed by the issuing Administration in the form
as prescribed in Regulation I/2 of the Annex. If the language used is not
English, the endorsement shall include a translation into that language.
Article VII Transitional Provisions
(1) A certificate of competency or of service in a capacity for which
the Convention requires a certificate and which before entry into force of
the Convention for a Party is issued in accordance with the laws of that
Party or the Radio Regulations, shall be recognized as valid for service
after entry into force of the Convention for that Party.
(2) After the entry into force of the Convention for a Party, its
Administration may continue to issue certificates in competency in
accordance with its previous practices for a period not exceeding five
years. Such certificates shall be recognized as valid for the purpose of
the Convention. During this transitional period such certificates shall be
issued only to seafarers who had commenced their sea service before entry
into force of the Convention for that Party within the specific ship
department to which those certificates relate. The Administration shall
ensure that all other candidates for certification shall be examined and
certificated in accordance with the Convention.
(3) A Party may, within two years after entry into force of the
Convention for that Party, issue a certificate of service to seafarers
who hold neither an appropriate certificate under the Convention nor a
certificate of competency issued under its laws before entry into force of
the Convention for that Party but who have:
(a) served in the capacity for which they seek a certificate of
service for not less than three years at sea within the last seven years
preceding entry force of the Convention for that Party;
(b) produced evidence that they have performed that service
satisfactorily;
(c) satisfied the Administration as to medical fitness, including
eyesight and hearing, taking into account their age at the time of
application.
For the purpose of the Convention, a certificate of service issued
under this paragraph shall be regarded as the equivalent of a certificate
issued under the Convention.
Article VIII Dispensation
(1) In the circumstances of exceptional necessity, Administrations, if
in their opinion this does not cause danger to persons, property or the
environment, may issue a dispensation permitting a specified seafarer to
serve in a specified ship for a specified period not exceeding six months
in a capacity, other than that of the radio officer or radiotelephone
operator, except as provided by the relevant Radio Regulations, for which
he does not hold the appropriate certificate, provided that the person to
whom the dispensation is issued shall be adequately qualified to fill the
vacant post in a safe manner, to the satisfaction of the Administration.
However, dispensations shall not be granted to a master or chief engineer
officer, except in circumstances of force majeure and then only for the
shortest possible period.
(2) Any dispensation granted for a post shall be granted only to a
person properly certificated to fill the post immediately below. Where
certification of the post below is not required by the Convention, a
dispensation may be issued to a person whose qualification and experience
are, in the opinion of the Administration, of a clear equivalence to the
requirements for the post to be filled, provided that, if such a person
holds no appropriate certificate, he shall be required to pass a test
accepted by the Administration as demonstrating that such a dispensation
may safely be issued. In addition, Administrations shall ensure that the
post in question is filled by the holder of an appropriate certificate as
soon as possible.
(3) Parties shall, as soon as possible after January 1 of each year,
send a report to the Secretary-General giving information of the total
number of dispensations in respect of each capacity for which a
certificate is required that have been issued during the year to sea-going
ships, together with information as to the numbers of those ships above
and below 1 600 gross register tons respectively.
Article IX Equivalents
(1) The Convention shall not prevent an Administration from retaining
or adopting other educational and training arrangements, including those
involving sea-going service and shipboard organization especially adapted
to technical developments and to special types of ships and trades,
provided that the level of sea-going service, knowledge and efficiency as
regards navigational and technical handling of ship and cargo ensures a
degree of safety at sea and has a preventive effect as regards pollution
at least equivalent to the requirements of the Convention.
(2) Details of such arrangements shall be reported as early as
practicable to the Secretary-General who shall circulate such particulars
to all Parties.
Article X Control
(1) Ships, except those excluded by Article III, are subject, while in
the ports of a Party, to control by officers duly authorized by that
Party to verify that all seafarers serving on board who are required to be
certificated by the Convention are so certificated or hold an appropriate
dispensation. Such certificates shall be accepted unless there are clear
grounds for believing that a certificate has been fraudulently obtained or
that the holder of a certificate is not the person to whom that
certificate was originally issued.
(2) In the event that any deficiencies are found under paragraph (1)
or under the procedures specified in Regulation I/4-"Control Procedures",
the officer carrying out the control shall forthwith inform, in writing,
the master of the ship and the Consul or, in his absence, the nearest
diplomatic representative or the maritime authority of the State whose
flag the ship is entitled to fly, so that appropriate action may be taken.
Such notification shall specify the details of the deficiencies found and
the grounds on which the Party determines that these deficiencies pose a
danger to persons, property or the environment.
(3) In exercising the control under paragraph (1) if, taking into
account the size and type of the ship and the length and nature of the
voyage, the deficiencies referred to in paragraph 3 of Regulation I/4 are
not corrected and it is determined that this fact poses a danger to
persons, property or the environment, the Party carrying out the control
shall take steps to ensure that the ship will not sail unless and until
these requirements are met to the extent that the danger has been removed.
The facts concerning the action taken shall be reported promptly to the
Secretary-General.
(4) When exercising control under this Article, all possible efforts
shall be made to avoid a ship being unduly detained or delayed. If a ship
is so detained or delayed it shall be entitled to compensation for any
loss or damage resulting therefrom.
(5) This Article shall be applied as may be necessary to ensure that
no more favourable treatment is given to ships entitled to fly the flag of
a non-Party than is given to ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party.
Article XI Promotion of Technical Co-operation
(1) Parties to the Convention shall promote, in consultation with, and
with the assistance of, the Organization, support for those Parties which
request technical assistance for:
(a) training of administrative and technical personnel;
(b) establishment of institutions for the training of seafarers;
(c) supply of equipment and facilities for training institutions;
(d) development of adequate training programmes, including
practical training on sea-going ships; and
(e) facilitation of other measures and arrangements to enhance the
qualifications of seafarers;
preferably on a national, sub-regional or regional basis, to further
the aims and purposes of the Convention, taking into account the special
needs of developing countries in this regard.
(2) On its part, the Organization shall pursue the aforesaid efforts,
as appropriate, in consultation or association with the other
international organizations, particularly the International Labour
Organisation.
Article XII Amendments
(1) The Convention may be amended by either of the following
procedures:
(a) amendments after consideration within the Organization:
(i) any amendment proposed by a Party shall be submitted to
the Secretary-General, who shall then circulate it to all Members of the
Organization, all Parties and the Director-General of the International
Labour Office at least six months prior to its consideration;
(ii) any amendment so proposed and circulated shall be
referred to the Maritime Safety Committee of the Organization for
consideration;
(iii) Parties, whether or not Members of the Organization,
shall be entitled to participate in the proceedings of the Maritime Safety
Committee for consideration and adoption of amendments;
(iv) amendments shall be adopted by a two thirds majority of
the Parties present and voting in the Maritime Safety Committee expanded
as provided for in sub-paragraph (a) (iii) (hereinafter referred to as the
"expanded Maritime Safety Committee") on condition that at least one
third of the Parties shall be present at the time of voting;
(v) amendments so adopted shall be communicated by the
Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance;
(vi) an amendment to an Article shall be deemed to have been
accepted on the date on which it is accepted by two thirds of the Parties;
(vii) an amendment to the Annex shall be deemed to have been
accepted:
1. at the end of two years from the date on which it is
communicated to Parties for acceptance; or
2. at the end of a different period, which shall be not
less than one year, if so determined at the time of its adoption by a two
thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in the expanding
Maritime Safety Committee; however, the amendments shall be deemed not to
have been accepted if within the specified period either more than one
third of Parties, or Parties the combined merchant fleets of which
constitute not less than fifty per cent of the gross tonnage of the
world's merchant shipping of ships of 100 gross register tons or more,
notify the Secretary-General that they object to the amendment;
(viii) an amendment to an Article shall enter into force with
respect to those Parties which have accepted it, six months after the date
on which it is deemed to have been accepted, and with respect to each
Party which accepts it after that date, six months after the date of that
Party's acceptance;
(ix) an amendment to the Annex shall enter into force with
respect to all Parties, except those which have objected to the amendment
under sub-paragraph (a) (vii) and which have not withdrawn such
objections, six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been
accepted. Before the date determined for entry into force, any Party may
give notice to the Secretary-General that it exempts itself from giving
effect to that amendment for a period not longer than one year from the
date of its entry into force, or for such longer period as may be
determined by a two thirds majority of the Parties present and voting in
the expanded Maritime Safety Committee at the time of the adoption of the
amendment; or
(b) amendment by a conference:
(i) upon the request of a Party concurred in by at least one
third of the Parties, the Organization shall convene, in association or
consultation with the Director-General of the International Labour Office,
a conference of Parties to consider amendments to the Convention;
(ii) every amendment adopted by such a conference by a two
thirds majority of the Parties present and voting shall be communicated by
the Secretary-General to all Parties for acceptance;
(iii) unless the conference decides otherwise, the amendment
shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in
accordance with the procedures specified in sub-paragraphs (a) (vi) and
(a) (viii) or sub-paragraphs (a) (vii) and (a) (ix) respectively,
provided that references in these sub-paragraphs to the expanded Maritime
Safety Committee shall be taken to mean references to the conference.
(2) Any declaration of acceptance of, or objection to, an amendment or
any notice given under paragraph (1) (a) (ix) shall be submitted in
writing to the Secretary-General, who shall inform all Parties of any such
submission and the date of its receipt.
(3) The Secretary-General shall inform all Parties of any amendments
which enter into force, together with the date on which each such
amendment enters into force.
Article XIII Signature, Ratification, Acceptance, Approval and Ac-cession
(1) The Convention shall remain open for signature at the Headquarters
of the Organization from December 1, 1978 until November 30, 1979 and
shall thereafter remain open for accession. Any State may become a Party
by:
(a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance
or approval; or
(b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval,
followed by ratification, acceptance or approval; or
(c) accession.
(2) Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected
by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Secretary-General.
(3) The Secretary-General shall inform all States that have signed the
Convention or acceded to it and the Director-General of the International
Labour Office of any signature or of the deposit of any instrument or
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession and the date of its
deposit.
Article XIV Entry into Force
(1) The Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the date
on which not less than twenty-five States, the combined merchant fleets of
which constitute not less than fifty per cent of the gross tonnage of the
world's merchant shipping of ships of 100 gross register tons or more,
have either signed it without reservation as to ratification, acceptance
or approval or deposited the requisite instruments of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession in accordance with Article XIII.
(2) The Secretary-General shall inform all States that have signed the
Convention or acceded to it of the date on which it enters into force.
(3) Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession
deposited during the twelve months referred to in paragraph (1) shall take
effect on the coming into force of the Convention or three months after
the deposit of such instrument, whichever is the later date.
(4) Any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession
deposited after the date on which the Convention enters into force shall
take effect three months after the date of deposit.
(5) After the date on which an amendment is deemed to have been
accepted under Article XII, any instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession deposited shall apply to the Convention as amended.
Article XV Denunciation
(1) The Convention may be denounced by any Party at any time after
five years from the date on which the Convention entered into force for
that Party.
(2) Denunciation shall be effected by notification in writing to the
Secretary-General who shall inform all other Parties and the
Director-General of the International Labour Office of any such
notification received and of the date of its receipt as well as the date
on which such denunciation takes effect.
(3) A denunciation shall take effect twelve months after receipt of
the notification of denunciation by the Secretary-General or after any
longer period which may be indicated in the notification.
Article XVI Deposit and Registration
(1) The Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary-General who
shall transmit certified true copies thereof to all States that have
signed the Convention or acceded to it.
(2) As soon as the Convention enters into force, the Secretary-General
shall transmit the text to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for
registration and publication, in accordance with Article 102 of the
Charter of the United Nations.
Article XVII Languages
The Convention is established in a single copy in the Chinese,
English, French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being equally
authentic. Official translations in the Arabic and German languages shall
be prepared and deposited with the signed original.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned *, being duly authorized by their
respective Governments for that purpose, have signed the Convention.
[* Signatures omitted.]
DONE AT LONDON this seventh day of July, one thousand nine hundred and
seventy-eight.
ANNEX
CHAPTER I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Regulation I/1 Definitions
For the purpose of this Convention, unless expressly provided
otherwise:
(a) "Regulations" means Regulations contained in the Annex to the
Convention;
(b) "Approved" means approved by the Administration;
(c) "Master" means the person having command of a ship;
(d) "Officer" means a member of the crew, other than the master,
designated as such by national law or regulations or in the absence of
such designation by collective agreement or custom;
(e) "Deck officer" means a qualified officer in the deck
department;
(f) "Chief mate" means the deck officer next in rank to the master
and upon whom the command of the ship will fall in the event of the
incapacity of the master;
(g) "Engineer officer" means a qualified officer in the engine
department;
(h) "Chief engineer officer" means the senior engineer officer,
responsible for the mechanical propulsion of the ship;
(i) "Second engineer officer" means the engineer officer next in
rank to the chief engineer officer and upon whom the responsibility for
the mechanical propulsion of the ship will fall in the event of the
incapacity of the chief engineer officer;
(j) "Assistant engineer officer" means a person under training to
become an engineer officer and designated as such by national law or
regulations;
(k) "Radio officer" means a person holding a first class or second
class radiotelegraph operator's certificate or a radiocommunication
operator's general certificate for the maritime mobile service issued
under the provisions of the Radio Regulations, who is employed in the
radiotelegraph station of a ship which is required to have such a station
by the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea;
(l) "Radiotelephone operator" means a person holding an
appropriate certificate issued under the provisions of the Radio
Regulations;
(m) "Rating" means a member of the ship's crew other than the
master or an officer;
(n) "Near-coastal voyages" means voyages in the vicinity of a
Party as defined by that Party;
(o) "Propulsion power" means the power in kilowatts which appears
on the ship's Certificate of Registry or other official document *;
[* It is assumed that the power so appearing on the Certificate of
Registry or other official document is the total maximum continuous rated
output power of all the ship's main propulsion machinery.]
(p) "Radio duties" include, as appropriate, watchkeeping and
technical maintenance and repairs in accordance with the Radio
Regulations, the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
and, at the discretion of each Administration, the relevant IMCO
recommendations;
(q) "Oil tanker" means a ship constructed and used for the
carriage of petroleum and petroleum products in bulk;
(r) "Chemical tanker" means a ship constructed and used for the
carriage in bulk of any liquid chemical listed in the IMCO "Code for the
Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk".
(s) "Liquefied gas tanker" means a ship constructed and used for
the carriage in bulk of any liquefied gas listed in the IMCO "Code for the
Construction and Equipment of Ships carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk".
Regulation I/2 Content of Certificates and Form of Endorsement
1. Certificates shall be in the official language or languages of the
issuing country. If the language used in not English, the text shall
include a translation into that language.
2. In respect of radio officers and radiotelephone operators,
Administrations may:
(a) include the additional knowledge required by the relevant
Regulations of the Annex to the Convention in the examination for the
issue of a certificate complying with the Radio Regulations; or
(b) issue a separate certificate indicating that the holder has
the additional knowledge required by the Annex to the Convention.
3. The form of certificate endorsement required by Article VI of the
Convention shall be as follows: Form of Endorsement of Certificates
ENDORSEMENT OF CERTIFICATES (Official Seal)
(Country) Issued under the provisions of the
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON STANDARDS OF TRAINING, CERTIFICATION AND
WATCHKEEPING FOR SEAFARERS, 1978
The Government of (Name) certifies Either**
{----------
I, the undersigned certify
[** Use one line or the other.]
that the present Certificate/Certificate No ***, is
issued to (full name of person), who has been found
duly qualified in accordance with the provisions of Regulation
of the International Convention on Standards of Training,
Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as
* with the following limitations only:
[*** Delete as appropriate.]
[* Insert Convention grade or class of Certificate.] Insert here
limitations
or "none" as}
appropriate
Date of issue of this endorsement:
Signed
(Official Seal) (Name and
signature of duly authorized official) Date of birth of the holder of the
Certificate Signature of the holder
of the Certificate
Regulation I/3 Principles Governing Near-Coastal Voyages
1. Any Party defining near-coastal voyages for the purpose of the
Convention shall not impose training, experience or certification
requirements on the seafarers serving on board the ships entitled to fly
the flag of another Party and engaged on such voyages in a manner
resulting in more stringent requirements for such seafarers than for
seafarers serving on board ships entitled to fly its own flag. In no case
shall any such Party impose requirements in respect of seafarers serving
on board ships entitled to fly the flag of another Party in excess of
those of the Convention in respect of ships not engaged on near-coastal
voyages.
2. With respect to ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party regularly
engaged on near-coastal voyages off the coast of another Party, the Party
whose flag the ship is entitled to fly shall prescribe training,
experience and certification requirements for seafarers serving on such
ships at least equal to those of the Party off whose coast the ship is
engaged, provided that they do not exceed the requirements of the
Convention in respect of ships not engaged on near-coastal voyages. A ship
which extends its voyage beyond what is defined as a near-coastal voyage
by a Party and enters waters not covered by that definition shall fulfil
the requirements of the Convention without relaxation under this
Regulation.
3. A Party may afford a ship which is entitled to fly its flag the
benefits of the near-coastal voyages provisions of the Convention when it
is regularly engaged off the coast of a non-Party on near-coastal voyages
as defined by the Party.
4. Nothing in this Regulation shall in any way limit the jurisdiction
of any State, whether or not a Party to the Convention.
Regulation I/4 Control Procedures
1. Control exercised by a duly authorized control officer under
Article X shall be limited to the following:
(a) verification in accordance with Article X (1) that all
seafarers serving on board who are required to be certificated by the
Convention hold a valid certificate or a valid dispensation;
(b) assessment of the ability of the seafarers of the ship to
maintain watchkeeping standards as required by the Convention if there are
grounds for believing that such standards are not being maintained
because, while in the port of a Party or in the approaches to that Port,
the following have occurred:
(i) the ship has been involved in a collision, grounding or
stranding, or
(ii) there has been a discharge of substances from the ship
when underway, at anchor or at berth which is illegal under international
conventions; or
(iii) the ship has been manoeuvred in an erratic or unsafe
manner or navigational course markers or traffic separation schemes have
not been followed.
2. The control officer shall provide written information to the master
of the ship and the appropriate representative of the flag State according
to Article X if, as a result of control action taken in accordance with
paragraph 1, any of the following deficiencies are revealed:
(a) failure of seafarers, required to hold a certificate, to have
an appropriate valid certificate or valid dispensation;
(b) failure of navigational or engineering watch arrangements to
conform to the requirements specified for the ship by the flag State;
(c) absence in a watch of a person qualified to operate equipment
essential to safe navigation or the prevention of pollution;
(d) inability of the master to provide rested persons for the
first watch at the commencement of a voyage and subsequent relieving
watches.
3. Failures to correct the deficiencies referred to in paragraph 2 (a)
- to the extent that they relate to the certificates of the master, chief
engineer officer and officers in charge of navigational and engineering
watches and, where relevant, the radio officer-and in paragraph 2 (b),
shall be the only grounds under Article X on which a Party may detain a
ship.
CHAPTER II. MASTER-DECK DEPARTMENT
Regulation II/1 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping a Navi-gational Watch
1. Parties shall direct the attention of shipowners, ship operators,
masters and watchkeeping personnel to the following principles which shall
be observed to ensure that a safe navigational watch is maintained at all
times.
2. The master of every ship is bound to ensure that watchkeeping
arrangements are adequate for maintaining a safe navigational watch. Under
the master's general direction, the officers of the watch are responsible
for navigating the ship safely during their periods of duty when they will
be particularly concerned with avoiding collision and stranding.
3. The basic principles, including but not limited to the following,
shall be taken into account on all ships.
4. Watch arrangements
(a) The composition of the watch shall at all times be adequate
and appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions and shall
take into account the need for maintaining a proper look-out.
(b) When deciding the composition of the watch on the bridge which
may include appropriate deck ratings, the following factors, inter alia,
shall be taken into account:
(i) at no time shall the bridge be left unattended;
(ii) weather conditions, visibility and whether there is
daylight or darkness;
(iii) proximity of navigational hazards which may make it
necessary for the officer in charge of the watch to carry out additional
navigational duties;
(iv) use and operational condition of navigational aids such
as radar or electronic position-indicating devices and any other equipment
affecting the safe navigation of the ship;
(v) whether the ship is fitted with automatic steering;
(vi) any unusual demands on the navigational watch that may
arise as a result of special operational circumstances.
5. Fitness for duty
The watch system shall be such that the efficiency of watchkeeping
officers and watchkeeping ratings is not impaired by fatigue. Duties shall
be so organized that the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and
the subsequent relieving watches are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit
for duty.
6. Navigation
(a) The intended voyage shall be planned in advance taking into
consideration all pertinent information and any course laid down shall be
checked before the voyage commences.
(b) During the watch the course steered, position and speed shall
be checked at sufficiently frequent intervals, using any available
navigational aids necessary, to ensure that
the ship follows the planned course.
(c) The officer of the watch shall have full knowledge of the
location and operation of all safety and navigational equipment on board
the ship and shall be aware and take account of the operating limitations
of such equipment.
(d) The officer in charge of a navigational watch shall not be
assigned or undertake any duties which would interfere with the safe
navigation of the ship.
7. Navigational equipment
(a) The officer of the watch shall make the most effective use of
all navigational equipment at his disposal.
(b) When using radar, the officer of the watch shall bear in mind
the necessity to comply at all times with the provisions on the use of
radar contained in the applicable regulations for preventing collisions at
sea.
(c) In cases of need the officer of the watch shall not hesitate
to use the helm, engines and sound signalling apparatus.
8. Navigational duties and responsibilities
(a) The officer in charge of the watch shall:
(i) keep his watch on the bridge which he shall in no
circumstances leave until properly relieved;
(ii) continue to be responsible for the safe navigation of the
ship, despite the presence of the master on the bridge, until the master
informs him specifically that he has assumed that responsibility and this
is mutually understood;
(iii) notify the master when in any doubt as to what action to
take in the interest of safety;
(iv) not hand over the watch to the relieving officer if he
has reason to believe that the latter is obviously not capable of carrying
out his duties effectively, in which case he shall notify the master
accordingly.
(b) On taking over the watch the relieving officer shall satisfy
himself as to the ship's estimated or true position and confirm its
intended track, course and speed and shall note any dangers to navigation
expected to be encountered during his watch.
(c) A proper record shall be kept of the movements and activities
during the watch relating to the navigation of the ship.
9. Look-out
In addition to maintaining a proper look-out for the purpose of fully
appraising the situation and the risk of collision, stranding and other
dangers to navigation, the duties of the lookout shall include the
detection of ships or aircraft in distress, shipwrecked persons, wrecks
and debris. In maintaining a look-out the following shall be observed:
(a) the look-out must be able to give full attention to the
keeping of a proper look-out and no other duties shall be undertaken or
assigned which could interfere with that task;
(b) the duties of the look-out and helmsman are separate and the
helmsman shall not be considered to be the look-out while steering, except
in small ships where an unobstructed all-round view is provided at the
steering position and there is no impairment of night vision or other
impediment to the keeping of a proper look-out. The officer in charge of
the watch may be the sole look-out in daylight provided that on each such
occasion:
(i) the situation has been carefully assessed and it has been
established without doubt that it is safe to do so;
(ii) full account has been taken of all relevant factors
including, but not limited to:
- state of weather
- visibility
- traffic density
- proximity of danger to navigation
- the attention necessary when navigating in or near
traffic separation schemes;
(iii) assistance is immediately available to be summoned to
the bridge when any change in the situation so requires.
10. Navigation with pilot embarked
Despite the duties and obligations of a pilot, his presence on board
does not relieve the master or officer in charge of the watch from their
duties and obligations for the safety of the ship. The master and the
pilot shall exchange information regarding navigation procedures, local
conditions and the ship's characteristics. The master and officer of the
watch shall co-operate closely with the pilot and maintain an accurate
check of the ship's position and movement.
11. Protection of the marine environment
The master and officer in charge of the watch shall be aware of the
serious effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine
environment and shall take all possible precautions to prevent such
pollution, particularly within the framework of relevant international and
port regulations.
Regulation II/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Masters and Chief Mates of Ships of 200 Gross Register Toms or More
Master and chief mate of ships of 1600 gross register tons or more
1. Every master and chief mate of a sea-going ship of 1600 gross
register tons or more shall hold an appropriate certificate.
2. Every candidate for certification shall:
(a) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, particularly
regarding eyesight and hearing;
(b) meet the requirements for certification as an officer in
charge of a navigational watch on ships of 200 gross register tons or more
and have approved sea-going service in that capacity:
(i) for certification as chief mate, not less than 18 months;
however, this period may be reduced to not less than 12 months if the
Administration requires special training which it considers to be
equivalent to at least six months' service as officer in charge of a
navigational watch;
(ii) for certification as master, not less than 36 months;
however, this period may be reduced to not less than 24 months if not less
than 12 months of such sea-going service has been served as chief mate, or
if the Administration requires special training which it considers to be
equivalent to such service;
(c) have passed appropriate examination to the satisfaction of the
Administration. Such examination shall include the material set out in the
Appendix to this Regulation, except that the Administration may vary these
examination requirements for masters and chief mates of ships of limited
size engaged on near-coastal voyages, as it considers necessary, bearing
in mind the effect on the safety of all ships which may be operating in
the same waters.
Master and chief mate of ships between 200 and 1600 gross register
tons
3. Every master and chief mate of a sea-going ship of between 200 and
1600 gross register tons shall hold an appropriate certificate.
4. Every candidate for certification shall:
(a) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, particularly
regarding eyesight and hearing;
(b) (i) for certification as chief mate, meet the requirements of
an officer in charge of a navigational watch on ships of 200 gross
register tons or more;
(ii) for certification as master, meet the requirements of an
officer in charge of a navigational watch on ships of 200 gross register
tons or more and have approved seagoing service in that capacity of not
less than 36 months; however, this period may be reduced to not less than
24 months if not less than 12 months of such seagoing service has been
served as chief mate, or if the Administration requires special training
which it considers to be equivalent to such service;
(c) have passed appropriate examination to the satisfaction of the
Administration. Such examination shall include the material set out in the
Appendix, except that the Administration may vary these examination
requirements for masters and chief mates of ships engaged on near-coastal
voyages, as it considers appropriate, to exclude such material as is not
applicable to the waters or ships concerned, bearing in mind the effect on
the safety of all ships which may be operating in the same waters. General
5. The level of knowledge required under the different headings of the
Appendix may be varied according to whether the certificate is being
issued at master or chief mate level, and according to whether the
certificate or certificates is applicable to ships of 1600 gross register
tons or more, or to ships of between 200 and 1600 gross register tons.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION II/2 MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED FOR CERTI-FICATION OF MASTERS AND CHIEF MATES OF SHIPS OF 200 GROSS REGISTER TONS ORMORE
1. The syllabus given below is compiled for examination of candidates
for certification as master or chief mate of ships of 200 gross register
tons or more. It is intended to expand and extend in depth the subjects
contained in Regulation II/4 - "Mandatory Minimum Requirements for
Certification of Officers in Charge of a Navigational Watch on Ships of
200 Gross Register Tons or More". Bearing in mind that a master has
ultimate responsibility for the safety of the ship, its passengers, crew
and cargo, and that a chief mate shall be in a position to assume that
responsibility at any time, examination in these subjects shall be
designed to test their ability to assimilate all available information
that affects the safety of the ship.
2. Navigation and position determination
(a) Voyage planning and navigation for all conditions:
(i) by acceptable methods of plotting ocean tracks;
(ii) within restricted waters;
(iii) in ice;
(iv) in restricted visibility;
(v) in traffic separation schemes;
(vi) in areas of extensive tidal effects.
(b) Position determination:
(i) by celestial observations, including the use of sun,
stars, moon and planets;
(ii) by terrestrial observations, including the ability to use
bearings from landmarks and aids to navigation such as lighthouses,
beacons and buoys in conjunction with appropriate charts, notices to
mariners and other publications to assess the accuracy of the resulting
position fix;
(iii) using all modern ship electronic navigational aids to
the satisfaction of the Administration, with specific knowledge of their
operating principles, limitations, sources of error, detection of
misrepresentation of information and methods of correction to obtain
accurate position fixing.
3. Watchkeeping
(a) Demonstrate thorough knowledge of content, application and
intent of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea,
including those Annexes concerned with safe navigation.
(b) Demonstrate knowledge of Regulation II/1 - "Basic Principles
to be Observed in Keeping a Navigational Watch".
4. Radar equipment
Demonstrate in conjunction with the use of radar simulator or, when
not available, manoeuvring board, knowledge of the fundamentals of radar
and ability in the operation and use of radar, and in the interpretation
and analysis of information obtained from this equipment, including:
(a) factors affecting performance and accuracy;
(b) setting up and maintaining displays;
(c) detection of misrepresentation of information, false echoes,
sea return, etc.;
(d) range and bearing;
(e) identification of critical echoes;
(f) course and speed of other ships;
(g) time and distance of closest approach of crossing, meeting or
overtaking ships;
(h) detecting course and speed changes of other ships;
(i) effect of changes in own ship's course or speed or both;
(j) application of the International Regulations for Preventing
Collisions at Sea.
5. Compasses-magnetic and gyro
Ability to determine and correct the errors of the magnetic and
gyro-compasses and knowledge of the means for correcting such errors.
6. Meteorology and oceanography
(a) Demonstrate the ability to understand and interpret a synoptic
chart and to forecast area weather, taking into account local weather
conditions.
(b) Knowledge of the characteristics of various weather systems,
including tropical revolving storms and avoidance of storm centres and the
dangerous quadrants.
(c) Knowledge of ocean current systems.
(d) Ability to use all appropriate navigational publications on
tides and currents, including those in the English language.
(e) Ability to calculate tidal conditions.
7. Ship manoeuvring and handling
Manoeuvring and handling of a ship in all conditions, including the
following:
(a) manoeuvres when approaching pilot vessels or stations with due
regard to weather, tide, headreach and stopping distances;
(b) handling a ship in rivers, estuaries, etc., having regard to
the effects of current, wind and restricted water on the response to the
helm;
(c) manoeuvring in shallow water, including the reduction in keel
clearance due to the effect of squat*, rolling and pitching;
[* Squat: the decrease in clearance beneath a ship which occurs when
the ship moves through the water and is caused both by bodily sinkage and
by change of trim. The effect is accentuated in shallow water and is
reduced with a reduction in ship's speed.]
(d) interaction between passing ships and between own ship and
nearby banks (canal effect);
(e) berthing and unberthing under various conditions of wind and
tide with and without tugs;
(f) choice of anchorage, anchoring with one or two anchors in
limited anchorages and factors involved in determining the length of
anchor cable to be used;
(g) dragging; clearing fouled anchors;
(h) dry-docking, both with and without damage;
(i) management and handling of ships in heavy weather, including
assisting a ship or aircraft in distress, towing operations, means of
keeping an unmanageable ship out of a sea trough, lessening drift and use
of oil;
(j) precautions in manoeuvring for launching boats or liferafts in
bad weather;
(k) methods of taking on board survivors from lifeboats or
liferafts;
(l) ability to determine the manoeuvring and engine
characteristics of major types of ships with special reference to stopping
distances and turning circles at various draughts and speeds;
(m) the importance of navigating at reduced speed to avoid damage
caused by own ship's bow or stern wave;
(n) practical measures to be taken when navigating in ice or
conditions of ice accumulation on board;
(o) the use of, and manoeuvring in, traffic separation schemes.
8. Ship stability *, construction and damage control
[* Masters and chief mates serving on small ships shall be fully
acquainted with the basic stability requirements of such ships.]
(a) Understanding fundamental principles of ship construction and
the theories and factors affecting trim and stability and measures
necessary to preserve safe trim and stability.
(b) Knowledge of the effect on trim and stability of a ship in the
event of damage to and consequent flooding of a compartment and counter
measures to be taken.
(c) Demonstrate use of stability, trim and stress tables, diagrams
and stress calculating equipment, including knowledge of loading cargoes
and ballasting in order to keep hull stresses within acceptable limits.
(d) General knowledge of the principal structural members of a
ship and the proper names of the various parts.
(e) Knowledge of IMCO recommendations concerning ship stability.
9. Ship power plants
(a) Operating principles of marine power plants.
(b) Ships' auxiliary machinery.
(c) General knowledge of marine engineering terms.
10. Cargo handling and stowage
(a) The stowage and securing of cargoes on board ships, including
cargo gear.
(b) Loading and discharging operations, with special regard to
loading and discharging of heavy weights.
(c) International regulations and recommendations relating to the
carriage of cargoes, in particular the International Maritime Dangerous
Goods Code (IMDG).
(d) Carriage of dangerous goods; precautions to be taken during
loading and discharging operations and the care of dangerous goods during
a voyage.
(e) Working knowledge of contents and application of current
relevant tanker safety guides.
(f) Working knowledge of commonly used cargo piping and pumping
arrangements.
(g) Terms and definitions used to describe properties of common
oil cargoes, such as crude oil, middle distillates, naphtha.
(h) Pollution regulations; ballasting, tank cleaning and gas
freeing operations.
(i) Load-on-top procedures.
11. Fire prevention and fire-fighting appliances
(a) Organization of fire drills.
(b) Classes and chemistry of fire.
(c) Fire-fighting systems.
(d) Attendance at an approved fire-fighting course.
(e) Knowledge of regulations concerning fire-fighting equipment.
12. Emergency procedures
(a) Precautions when beaching a ship.
(b) Action to be taken prior to, and after, grounding.
(c) Floating a grounded ship, with and without assistance.
(d) Action to be taken following a collision.
(e) Temporary plugging of leaks.
(f) Measures for the protection and safety of passengers and crew
in emergencies.
(g) Limiting damage and salving the ship following a fire or
explosion.
(h) Abandoning ship.
(i) Emergency steering, rigging and use of jury steering and the
means of rigging a jury rudder, where practicable.
(j) Rescuing persons from a ship in distress or from a wreck.
(k) Man-overboard procedures.
13. Medical care
A thorough knowledge of the use of the contents of the following
publications:
(a) International Medical Guide for Ships or equivalent national
publications;
(b) Medical section of the International Code of Signals;
(c) Medical First Aid Guide For Use in Accidents Involving
Dangerous Goods.
14. Maritime law
(a) A knowledge of international maritime law as embodied in
international agreements and conventions as they affect the specific
obligations and responsibilities of the master, particularly those
concerning safety and the protection of the marine environment. Regard
shall be paid especially to the following subjects:
(i) certificates and other documents required to be carried on
board ships by international conventions, how they may be obtained and the
period of their legal validity;
(ii) responsibilities under the relevant requirements of the
International Convention on Load Lines;
(iii) responsibilities under the relevant requirements of the
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea;
(iv) responsibilities under international conventions for the
prevention of pollution from ships;
(v) maritime declarations of health, the requirements of the
International Health Regulations;
(vi) responsibilities under the Convention on the
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea;
(vii) responsibilities under other international instruments
affecting the safety of the ship, passengers, crew and cargo.
(b) The extent of knowledge of national maritime legislation is
left to the discretion of the Administration but shall include national
arrangements for implementing international agreements and conventions.
15. Personnel management and training responsibilities
A knowledge of personnel management, organization and training aboard
ships.
16. Communications
(a) Ability to transmit and receive messages by Morse light and to
use the International Code of Signals; where the Administration has
examined candidates in these subjects at the lower levels of
certification, they may have the option of not re-examining in these
subjects for certification as master.
(b) Knowledge of procedures used in radiotelephone communications
and ability to use radiotelephones, in particular with respect to
distress, urgency, safety and navigational messages.
(c) A knowledge of the procedures for emergency distress signals
by radiotelegraphy as prescribed in the Radio Regulations.
17. Life-saving
A thorough knowledge of life-saving appliance regulations
(International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea), organisation of
abandon ship drills, lifeboats, liferafts and other life-saving equipment.
18. Search and rescue
A thorough knowledge of the IMCO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue
Manual (MERSAR).
19. Methods for demonstration of proficiency
(a) Navigation
Demonstrate the use of sextant, pelorus, azimuth mirror and ability to
plot position, course, bearings.
(b) International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea
(i) use of small models displaying proper signals or lights, or
navigation light simulator;
(ii) manoeuvring board or radar simulator
(c) Radar
(i) radar simulator; or
(ii) manoeuvring boards.
(d) Fire-fighting
Attendance at an approved fire-fighting course.
(e) Communications
Visual and vocal practical test.
(f) Life-saving
Launching and handling of lifeboats and other life-saving appliances,
including the donning of life-jackets.
Regulation II/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Officers in Charge of a Navigational Watch and of Masters of Ships ofLess than 200 Gross Register Tons
1. Ships not engaged on near-coastal voyages
(a) Every master serving on a sea-going ship of less than 200
gross register tons not engaged on near-coastal voyages shall hold a
certificate recognized by the Administration for service as master of
ships of between 200 and 1600 gross register tons.
(b) Every officer in charge of a navigational watch serving on a
sea-going ship of less than 200 gross register tons not engaged on
near-coastal voyages shall hold an appropriate certificate for ships of
200 gross register tons or more.
2. Ships engaged on near-coastal voyages
(a) Master
(i) Every master serving in a sea-going ship of less than 200
gross register tons engaged on near-coastal voyages shall hold an
appropriate certificate.
(ii) Every candidate for certification shall:
(1) be not less than 20 years of age;
(2) have approved sea-going service of not less than 12
months as officer in charge of a navigational watch;
(3) satisfy the Administration that he possesses adequate
knowledge appropriate to his duties on the ships concerned which shall
include the subjects contained in the Appendix to this Regulation.
(b) Officer in charge of a navigational watch
(i) Every officer in charge of a navigational watch on a
sea-going ship of less than 200 gross register tons engaged on
near-coastal voyages shall hold an appropriate certificate.
(ii) Every candidate for certification shall:
(1) be not less than 18 years of age;
(2) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness,
particularly regarding eyesight and hearing;
(3) satisfy the Administration that he has:
- successfully undergone special training, including
an adequate period of appropriate sea-going service as required by the
Administration; or
- completed approved sea-going service in the deck
department of not less than three years;
(4) satisfy the Administration that he possesses adequate
knowledge appropriate to his duties on the ships concerned, which shall
include the subjects contained in the Appendix.
3. Training
Training to achieve the necessary knowledge and practical experience
shall be based on Regulation II/1 - "Basic Principles to be Observed in
Keeping a Navigational Watch" and relevant international regulations and
recommendations.
4. Exemptions
The Administration, if it considers that a ship's size and the
conditions of its voyage are such as to render the application of the full
requirements of this Regulation and its Appendix unreadable or
impracticable, may to that extent exempt the master and the officer in
charge of a navigational watch on such a ship or class of ships from some
of the requirements, bearing in mind the safety of all ships which may be
operating in the same waters.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION II/3 MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED FOR CERTI-FICATION OF OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF A NAVIGATIONAL WATCH AND OF MASTERS OFSHIPS OF LESS THAN 200 GROSS REGISTER TONS
1. (a) Knowledge of the following:
(i) coastal navigation and, to the extent required, celestial
navigation;
(ii) International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at
Sea;
(iii) International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG);
(iv) magnetic compass;
(v) radiotelephony and visual signalling;
(vi) fire prevention and fire-fighting appliances;
(vii) life-saving;
(viii) emergency procedures;
(ix) ship manoeuvring;
(x) ship stability;
(xi) meteorology;
(xii) small ship power plants;
(xiii) first aid;
(xiv) search and rescue;
(xv) prevention of pollution of the marine environment.
(b) In addition to the requirements of sub-paragraph (a),
sufficient knowledge to operate safely all navigational aids and equipment
fitted aboard the ships concerned.
(c) The level of knowledge to be required in the subjects
specified in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) shall be sufficient for the
officer of the watch to carry out his duties safely.
2. Every master serving on a sea-going ship of less than 200 gross
register tons shall, in addition to the requirements of paragraph 1 above,
satisfy the Administration that he possesses the knowledge to carry out
all the duties of such a master safely.
Regulation II/4 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Officers in Charge of a Navigational Watch on Ships of 200 Gross Regis-ter Tons or More
1. Every officer in charge of a navigational watch serving on a
sea-going ship of 200 gross register tons or more shall hold an
appropriate certificate.
2. Every candidate for certification shall:
(a) be not less than 18 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, particularly
regarding eyesight and hearing;
(c) have approved sea-going service in the deck department of not
less than three years which shall include at least six months of bridge
watchkeeping duties under the supervision of a qualified officer; however,
an Administration may allow the substitution of a period of special
training for not more than two years of this approved sea-going service,
provided the Administration is satisfied that such training is at least
equivalent in value to the period of sea-going service it replaces;
(d) satisfy the Administration by passing an appropriate
examination that he possesses adequate theoretical and practical knowledge
appropriate to his duties.
3. Certificates for service without restriction
For issue of certificates for services without restriction as to area
of operation, the examination shall test the adequacy of the candidate's
theoretical and practical knowledge in the subjects shown in the Appendix
to this Regulation.
4. Restricted certificates
For issue of restricted certificates for service on near-coastal
voyages, the Administration may omit the following subjects from those
shown in the Appendix, bearing in mind the effect on the safety of all
ships which may be operating in the same waters:
(a) celestial navigation;
(b) electronic systems of position fixing and navigation for
waters not covered by such systems.
5. Level of knowledge
(a) The level of knowledge to be required in the subjects shown in
the Appendix shall be sufficient for the officer of the watch to carry out
his watchkeeping duties safely. In determining the appropriate level of
knowledge the Administration shall take into account the remarks under
each subject in the Appendix.
(b) Training to achieve the necessary theoretical knowledge and
practical experience shall be based on Regulation II/1- "Basic Principles
to be Observed in Keeping a Navigational Watch" and relevant international
regulations and recommendations.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION II/4 MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED FOR CERTI-FICATION OF OFFICERS IN CHARGE OF A NAVIGATIONAL WATCH ON SHIPS OF 200GROSS REGISTER TONS OR MORE
1. Celestial navigation
Ability to use celestial bodies to determine the ship's position and
compass errors.
2. Terrestrial and coastal navigation
(a) Ability to determine the ship's position by the use of:
(i) landmarks;
(ii) aids to navigation, including lighthouses, beacons and
buoys;
(iii) dead reckoning, taking into account winds, tides,
currents and speed by propeller revolutions per minute and by log.
(b) Thorough knowledge of and ability to use navigational charts
and publications, such as sailing directions, tide tables, notices to
mariners, radio navigational warnings and ships' routeing information.
3. Radar navigation
Knowledge of the fundamentals of radar and ability in the operation
and use of radar and ability to interpret and analyse information obtained
by use of radar including the following:
(a) factors affecting performance and accuracy;
(b) setting up and maintaining displays;
(c) detection of misrepresentation of information, false echoes, sea
return, etc.;
(d) range and bearing;
(e) identification of critical echoes;
(f) course and speed of other ships;
(g) time and distance of closest approach of crossing, meeting or
overtaking ships;
(h) detecting course and speed changes of other ships;
(i) effect of changes in own ship's course or speed or both;
(j) application of the International Regulations for Preventing
Collisions at Sea.
4. Watchkeeping
(a) Demonstrate thorough knowledge of content, application and
intent of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea,
including those Annexes concerned with safe navigation.
(b) Demonstrate knowledge of content of Regulation II/1-"Basic
Principles to be Observed in Keeping a Navigational Watch".
5. Electronic systems of position fixing and navigation
Ability to determine the ship's position by the use of electronic
navigational aids to the satisfaction of the Administration.
6. Radio direction-finders and echo-sounders
Ability to operate the equipment and apply the information correctly.
7. Meteorology
Knowledge of shipborne meteorological instruments and their
application. Knowledge of the characteristics of various weather systems,
reporting procedures and recording systems and the ability to apply the
meteorological information available.
8. Compasses-magnetic and gyro
Knowledge of the principles of magnetic and gyro-compasses including
errors and corrections. With regard to gyro-compasses, an understanding of
the systems under the control of the master gyro and a knowledge of the
operation and care of the main types of gyro-compasses.
9. Automatic pilot
Knowledge of automatic pilot systems and procedures.
10. Radiotelephony and visual signalling
(a) Ability to transmit and receive messages by Morse light.
(b) Ability to use the International Code of Signals.
(c) Knowledge of procedures used in radiotelephone communications
and ability to use radiotelephones, in particular wit respect to
distress, urgency, safety and navigational messages.
11. Fire prevention and fire-fighting appliances
(a) Ability to organize fire drills.
(b) Knowledge of classes and chemistry of fire.
(c) Knowledge of fire-fighting systems.
(d) Attendance at an approved fire-fighting course.
12. Life-saving
Ability to organize abandon ship drills and knowledge of the operation
of lifeboats, liferafts, buoyant apparatus and similar life-saving
appliances along with their equipment, including portable radio apparatus
and emergency position-indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs). Knowledge of
survival at sea techniques.
13. Emergency procedures
Knowledge of the items listed in the appropriate Appendix of the
current edition of the ILO/IMCO "Document for Guidance".
14. Ship manoeuvring and handling
Knowledge of:
(a) the effects of various deadweights, draughts, trim, speed and
under keel clearance on turning circles and stopping distances;
(b) effects of wind and current on ship handling;
(c) manoeuvres for the rescue of man-overboard;
(d) squat, shallow water and similar effects;
(e) proper procedures for anchoring and mooring.
15. Ship stability
(a) Working knowledge and application of stability, trim and
stress tables, diagrams and stress calculating equipment.
(b) Understanding of fundamental actions to be taken in the event
of partial loss of intact buoyancy.
16. English language
Adequate knowledge of the English language enabling the officer to use
charts and other nautical publications, to understand meteorological
information and messages concerning ship's safety and operation and to
express himself clearly in his communications with other ships or coast
stations. Ability to understand and use the IMCO Standard Marine
Navigational Vocabulary.
17. Ship construction
General knowledge of the principal structural members of a ship and
the proper names of the various parts.
18. Cargo handling and stowage
Knowledge of safe handling and stowage of cargoes and the effect of
these factors on the safety of the ship.
19. Medical aid
Practical application of medical guides and advice by radio, including
the ability to take effective action based on such knowledge in the case
of accidents or illnesses that are likely to occur on board ship.
20. Search and rescue
Knowledge of the IMCO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual (MERSAR).
21. Prevention of pollution of the marine environment
Knowledge of the precautions to be observed to prevent pollution of
the marine environment.
Regulation II/5 Mandatory Minimum Requirements to Ensure the Con-tinued Proficiency and Updating of Knowledge for Masters and Deck Officers
1. Every master and every deck officer holding a certificate who is
serving at sea or intends to return to sea after a period ashore shall, in
order to continue to qualify for sea-going service, be required at regular
intervals not exceeding five years to satisfy the Administration as to:
(a) medical fitness, particularly regarding eyesight and hearing; and
(b) professional competence:
(i) by approved sea-going service as master or deck officer of at
least one year during the preceding five years; or
(ii) by virtue of having performed functions relating to the
duties appropriate to the grade of certificate held which are considered
to be at least equivalent to the seagoing service required in paragraph
1(b) (i); or
(iii) by one of the following:
-passing an approved test; or
-successfully completing an approved course or courses; or
-having completed approved sea-going service as a deck
officer for a period of not less than three months in a supernumerary
capacity immediately prior to taking up the rank to which he is entitled
by virtue of his certificate.
2. The Administration shall, in consultation with those concerned,
formulate or promote the formulation of a structure of refresher and
updating courses, either voluntary or mandatory, as appropriated, for
masters and deck officers who are serving at sea, especially for
re-entrants to sea-going service. The Administration shall ensure that
arrangements are made to enable all persons concerned to attend such
courses as appropriate to their experience and duties. Such courses shall
be approved by the Administration and include changes in marine technology
and relevant international regulations and recommendations concerning the
safety of life at sea and the protection of the marine environment.
3. Every master and deck officer shall, for continuing sea-going
service on board ships for which special training requirements have been
internationally agreed upon, successfully complete an approved relevant
training.
4. The Administration shall ensure that the texts of recent changes in
international regulations concerning the safety of life at sea and the
protection of the marine environment are made available to ships under its
jurisdiction.
Regulation II/6 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Ratings FormingPart of a Navigational Watch
1. The minimum requirements for a rating forming part of a
navigational watch on a seagoing ship of 200 gross register tons or more
are set out in paragraph 2. These requirements are not those for
certification of able seamen, nor, except for ships of limited size, are
they minimum requirements for a rating who is to be the sole rating of a
navigational watch. Administrations may require additional training and
qualifications for a rating who is to be the sole rating of a navigational
watch.
2. Every rating forming part of a navigational watch on a sea-going
ship of 200 gross register tons or more shall:
(a) be not less than 16 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, particularly
regarding eyesight and hearing;
(c) satisfy the Administration that he has:
(i) completed approved sea-going service, including not less
than six months' sea experience associated, in particular, with
navigational watchkeeping duties; or
(ii) successfully undergone special training, either pre-sea
or aboard ship, including an adequate period of sea-going service as
required by the Administration which shall be not less than two months;
(d) have experience or training which includes:
(i) basic principles of fire-fighting, first aid, personal
survival techniques, health hazards and personal safety;
(ii) ability to understand orders and make himself understood
by the officer of the watch in matters relevant to his duties;
(iii) ability to steer and comply with helm orders, together
with sufficient knowledge of magnetic and gyro compasses for performance
of these duties;
(iv) ability to keep a proper look-out by sight and hearing
and report the approximate bearing of a sound signal, light or other
object in degrees or points;
(v) familiarity with the change-over from automatic pilot to
hand steering and vice versa;
(vi) knowledge of the use of appropriate internal
communication and alarm systems;
(vii) knowledge of pyrotechnic distress signals;
(viii) knowledge of his emergency duties;
(ix) knowledge of shipboard terms and definitions appropriate
to his duties.
3. The experience, service or training required by paragraphs 2 (c)
and (d) may be acquired through performance of duties associated with
navigational watchkeeping, but only if such duties are carried out under
the direct supervision of the master, officer in charge of the
navigational watch or a qualified rating.
4. Administrations shall ensure that an authorized document is issued
to every seafarer who by experience or training is qualified in accordance
with this Regulation to serve as a rating forming part of a navigational
watch, or that his existing document is duly endorsed.
5. A seafarer may be considered by the Administration to have met the
requirements of this Regulation if he has served in a relevant capacity in
the deck department for a period of not less than one year within the last
five years preceding the entry into force of the Convention for that
Administration.
Regulation II/7 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping a Watchin Port
1. On any ship safely moored or safely at anchor under normal
circumstances in port, the master shall arrange for an appropriate and
effective watch to be maintained for the purpose of safety.
2. In organizing the watches note shall be taken of the provisions of
the "Recommendation on Principles and Operational Guidance for Deck
Officers in Charge of a Watch in Port" and the "Recommendation on
Principles and Operational Guidance for Engineer Officers in Charge of an
Engineering Watch in Port" adopted by the International Conference on
Training and Certification of Seafarers, 1978.
Regulation II/8 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for a Watch in Porton Ships Carrying Hazardous Cargo
1. The master of every ship carrying cargo in bulk that is
hazardous-whether it is, or may be, explosive, flammable, toxic,
health-threatening or environment polluting-shall ensure that a safe deck
watch and a safe engineering watch are maintained by the ready
availability on board of a duly qualified officer or officers, and ratings
where appropriate, even when the ship is safely moored or safely at anchor
in port.
2. The master of every ship carrying hazardous cargo other than in
bulk-whether it is, or may be, explosive, flammable, toxic,
health-threatening or environment polluting-shall in organizing safe
watchkeeping arrangements take full account of the nature, quantity,
packing and stowage of the hazardous cargo and of any special conditions
on board, afloat and ashore.
3. In organizing the watches full account shall be taken of the
"Recommendation on Principles and Operational Guidance for Deck Officers
in Charge of a Watch in Port" and the "Recommendation on Principles and
Operational Guidance for Engineer Officers in Charge of an Engineering
Watch in Port" adopted by the International Conference on Training and
Certification of Seafarers, 1978.
CHARTER III. ENGINE DEPARTMENT
Regulation III/1 Basic Principles to be Observed in Keeping an En-gineering Watch
1. Parties shall direct the attention of shipowners, ship operators,
masters, chief engineer officers and watchkeeping personnel to the
following principles which shall be observed to ensure that a safe
engineering watch is maintained at all times.
2. The term "watch" is used in this Regulation to mean either a group
of personnel composing the watch or a period of responsibility for an
engineer officer during which his physical presence in the machinery space
may or may not be required.
3. The basic principles, including but not limited to the following,
shall be taken into account on all ships.
4. General
(a) The chief engineer officer of every ship is bound, in
consultation with the master, to ensure that watchkeeping arrangements are
adequate to maintain a safe watch. When deciding the composition of the
watch, which may include appropriate engine room ratings, the following
criteria, inter alia, shall be taken into account:
(i) type of ship;
(ii) type and condition of the machinery;
(iii) special modes of operation dictated by conditions such
as weather, ice, contaminated water, shallow water, emergency conditions,
damage containment or pollution abatement;
(iv) qualifications and experience of the watch;
(v) safety of life, ship, cargo and port, and protection of
the environment;
(vi) observance of international, national and local
regulations;
(vii) maintaining the normal operations of the ship.
(b) Under the direction of the chief engineer officer, the
engineer officer in charge of the watch shall be responsible for the
inspection, operation and testing, as required, of all machinery and
equipment under his responsibility. The engineer officer in charge of a
watch is the chief engineer officer's representative and his primary
responsibility, at all times, shall be the safe and efficient operation
and up-keep of machinery affecting the safety of the ship.
(c) The chief engineer officer shall, in consultation with the
master, determine in advance the needs of the intended voyage, taking into
consideration the requirements for fuel, water, lubricants, chemicals,
expendable and other spare parts, tools, supplies and any other
requirements.
5. Operation
(a) The engineer officer in charge of the watch shall ensure that
the established watchkeeping arrangements are maintained. Under his
general direction engine room ratings, if forming part of the watch,
shall be required to assist in the safe and efficient operation of the
propulsion machinery and the auxiliary equipment.
(b) At the commencement of the engineering watch, the current
operational parameters and condition of all machinery shall be verified.
Any machinery not functioning properly, expected to malfunction or
requiring special service, shall be noted along with any action already
taken. Plans shall be made for any further action if required.
(c) The engineer officer in charge of the watch shall ensure that
the main propulsion plant and auxiliary systems are kept under constant
surveillance, inspections are made of the machinery and steering gear
spaces at suitable intervals and appropriate action is taken to remedy any
malfunction discovered.
(d) When the machinery spaces are in the manned condition, the
engineer officer in charge of the watch shall at all times be readily
capable of operating the propulsion equipment in response to needs for
changes in direction or speed. When the machinery spaces are in the
periodic unmanned condition, the designated duty engineer officer in
charge of the watch shall be immediately available and on call to attend
the machinery spaces.
(e) All bridge orders shall be promptly executed. Changes in
direction or speed of the main propulsion unit shall be recorded, except
where an Administration determines that the size or characteristics of a
particular ship make such recording impracticable. The engineer officer in
charge of the watch shall ensure that the main propulsion unit controls,
when in the manual mode of operation, are continuously attended under
standby or manoeuvring conditions.
(f) The engineer officer in charge of the watch shall not be
assigned or undertake any duties which would interfere with his
supervisory duty in respect of the main propulsion system and its
ancillary equipment and he shall ensure that the main propulsion system
and auxiliary equipment are kept under constant surveillance until he is
properly relieved.
(g) Due attention shall be paid to the maintenance and support of
all machinery, including mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic
systems, their control apparatus and associated safety equipment, all
accommodation service systems equipment and the recording of stores and
spare gear usage.
(h) The chief engineer officer shall ensure that the engineer
officer in charge of the watch is informed of all preventive maintenance,
damage control, or repair operations to be performed during the watch.
The engineer officer in charge of the watch shall be responsible for the
isolation, by-passing and adjustment of all machinery under his
responsibility that is to be worked on, and shall record all work carried
out.
(i) Before going off duty, the engineer officer in charge of the
watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary
machinery are suitably recorded.
(j) To avoid any danger to the safety of the ship and its crew,
the engineer officer in charge of the watch shall notify the bridge
immediately in the event of fire, impending actions in machinery spaces
that may cause reduction in ship's speed, imminent steering failure,
stoppage of the ship's propulsion system or any alteration in the
generation of electric power, or similar threat to safety. This
notification, where possible, shall be accomplished before changes are
made in order to afford the bridge the maximum available time to take
whatever actions are possible to avoid a potential marine casualty.
(k) When the engine room is put in a standby condition, the
engineer officer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all machinery
and equipment which may be used during manoeuvring is in a state of
immediate readiness and that an adequate reserve of power is available for
steering gear and other requirements.
6. Watch requirements
(a) Every member of the watch shall be familiar with his assigned
watchkeeping duties.
In addition, every member shall have with respect to that ship:
(i) knowledge of the use of appropriate internal communication
systems;
(ii) knowledge of escape routes from machinery spaces;
(iii) knowledge of engine room alarm systems and the ability
to distinguish between
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the various alarms with special reference to the | CO | alarm;
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(iv) knowledge of the positions and use of the fire-fighting
equipment in the machinery spaces.
(b) The composition of an underway watch shall, at all times, be
adequate to ensure the safe operation of all machinery affecting the
operation of the ship, in either automated or manual mode and be
appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions. To achieve
this, the following, inter alia, shall be taken into account:
(i) adequate supervision, at all times, of machinery affecting
the safe operation of the ship;
(ii) condition and reliability of any remotely operated
propulsion and steering equipment and their controls, control location and
the procedures involved in placing them in a manual mode of operation in
the event of bread-down or emergency;
(iii) location and operation of fixed fire detection, fire
extinction or fire containment devices and apparatus;
(iv) use and operational condition of auxiliary, standby and
emergency equipment affecting the safe navigation, mooring or docking
operations of the ship;
(v) steps and procedures necessary to maintain the condition
of machinery installations in order to ensure their efficient operation
during all modes of ship operation;
(vi) any other demands on the watch which may arise as a
result of special operating circumstances.
(c) At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer officer shall
consult with the master whether or not to maintain an underway watch.
7. Fitness for duty
The watch system shall be such that the efficiency of the watch is not
impaired by fatigue. Duties shall be so organized by the chief engineer
officer that the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and the
subsequent relieving watches are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for
duty.
8. Protection of the marine environment
All engineer officers and engine room ratings shall be aware of the
serious effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine
environment and shall take all possible precautions to prevent such
pollution, particularly within the framework of relevant international and
port regulations.
Regulation III/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Chief Engineer Officers and Second Engineer Officers of Ships Poweredby Main Propulsion Machinery of 3000 kW Propulsion Power or More
1. Every chief engineer officer and second engineer officer of a
sea-going ship powered by main propulsion machinery of 3000 kW propulsion
power or more shall hold an appropriate certificate.
2. Every candidate for certification shall:
(a) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, including
eyesight and hearing.
(b) meet the requirements for certification as an engineer officer
in charge of a watch; and
(i) for certification as second engineer officer, have not
less than 12 months' approved sea-going service as assistant engineer
officer or engineer officer;
(ii) for certification as chief engineer officer, have not
less than 36 months' approved sea-going service of which not less than 12
months shall be served as an engineer officer in a position of
responsibility while qualified to serve as second engineer officer;
(c) have attended an approved practical fire-fighting course;
(d) have passed appropriate examination to the satisfaction of the
Administration. Such examination shall include the material set out in the
Appendix to this Regulation, except that the Administration may vary these
examination requirements for officers of ships with limited propulsion
power that are engaged on near-coastal voyages, as it considers necessary,
bearing in mind the effect on the safety of all ships which may be
operating in the same waters.
3. Training to achieve the necessary theoretical knowledge and
practical experience shall take into account relevant international
regulations and recommendations.
4. The level of knowledge required under the different paragraphs of
the Appendix may be varied according to whether the certificate is being
issued at chief engineer officer and second engineer officer level.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION III/2 MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED FOR CERTI-FICATION OF CHIEF ENGINEER OFFICERS AND SECOND ENGINEER OFFICERS OF SHIPSPOWERED BY MAIN PROPULSION MACHINERY OF 3000 kW PROPULSION POWER OR MORE
1. The syllabus given below is compiled for examination of candidates
for certification as chief engineer officer or second engineer officer of
ships powered by main propulsion machinery of 3000 kW propulsion power or
more. Bearing in mind that a second engineer officer shall be in a
position to assume the responsibilities of a chief engineer officer at any
time, examination in these subjects shall be designed to test the
candidate's ability to assimilate all available information that affects
the safe operation of the ship's machinery.
2. With respect to paragraph 4(a) below, the Administration may omit
knowledge requirements for types of propulsion machinery other than those
machinery installations for which the certificate to be awarded shall be
valid. A certificate awarded on such a basis shall not be valid for any
category of machinery installation which has been omitted until the
engineer officer proves to be competent in these items to the satisfaction
of the Administration. Any such limitation shall be stated in the
certificate.
3. Every candidate shall possess theoretical knowledge in the
following subjects:
(a) thermodynamics and heat transmission;
(b) mechanics and hydromechanics;
(c) operational principles of ships' power installations (diesel,
steam and gas turbine) and refrigeration;
(d) physical and chemical properties of fuels and lubricants;
(e) technology of materials;
(f) chemistry and physics of fire and extinguishing agents;
(g) marine electrotechnology, electronics and electrical
equipment;
(h) fundamentals of automation, instrumentation and control
systems;
(i) naval architecture and ship construction, including damage
control.
4. Every candidate shall possess adequate practical knowledge in at
least the following subjects:
(a) operation and maintenance of:
(i) marine diesel engines;
(ii) marine steam propulsion plant;
(iii) marine gas turbines;
(b) operation and maintenance of auxiliary machinery, including
pumping and piping systems, auxiliary boiler plant and steering gear
systems;
(c) operation, testing and maintenance of electrical and control
equipment;
(d) operation and maintenance of cargo handling equipment and deck
machinery;
(e) detection of machinery malfunction, location of faults and
action to prevent damage;
(f) organization of safe maintenance and repair procedures;
(g) methods of, and aids for, fire prevention, detection and
extinction;
(h) methods and aids to prevent pollution of the environment by
ships;
(i) regulations to be observed to prevent pollution of the marine
environment;
(j) effects of marine pollution on the environment;
(k) first aid related to injuries which might be expected in
machinery spaces and use of first aid equipment;
(l) functions and use of life-saving appliances;
(m) methods of damage control;
(n) safe working practices.
5. Every candidate shall possess a knowledge of international maritime
law embodied in international agreements and conventions as they affect
the specific obligations and responsibilities of the engine department,
particularly those concerning safety and the protection of the marine
environment. The extent of knowledge of national maritime legislation is
left to the discretion of the Administration but shall include national
arrangements for implementing international agreements and conventions.
6. Every candidate shall possess a knowledge of personnel management,
organization and training aboard ships.
Regulation III/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Chief Engineer Officers and Second Engineer Officers of Ships Poweredby Main Propulsion Machinery between 750 kW and 3000 kW Propulsion Power
1. Every chief engineer officer and second engineer officer of a
sea-going ship powered by main propulsion machinery of between 750 and
3000 kW propulsion power shall hold an appropriate certificate.
2. Every candidate for certification shall:
(a) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, including
eyesight and hearing;
(b) meet the requirements for certification as an engineer officer
in charge of a watch; and
(i) for certification as second engineer officer, have not
less than 12 months' approved sea-going service as assistant engineer
officer or engineer officer;
(ii) for certification as chief engineer officer, have not
less than 24 months' approved sea-going service of which not less than 12
months shall be served while qualified to serve as second engineer
officer;
(c) have attended an approved practical fire-fighting course;
(d) have passed appropriate examination to the satisfaction of the
Administration. Such examination shall include the material set out in the
Appendix to this Regulation, except that the Administration may vary the
requirements for examination and sea-going service for officers of ships
engaged on near-coastal voyages, bearing in mind the types of automatic
and remotely operated controls with which such ships are fitted and the
effect on the safety of all ships which may be operating in the same
waters.
3. Training to achieve the necessary theoretical knowledge and
practical experience shall take into account relevant international
regulations and recommendations.
4. The level of knowledge required under the different paragraphs of
the Appendix may be varied according to whether the certificate is being
issued at chief engineer officer or second engineer officer level.
5. Every engineer officer who is qualified to serve as second engineer
officer of ships powered by main propulsion machinery of 3000 kW
propulsion power or more, may serve as chief engineer officer of ships
powered by main propulsion machinery of less than 3000 kW propulsion power
provided that not less than 12 months' approved sea-going service shall
have been served as an engineer officer in a position of responsibility.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION III/3 MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED FOR CERTI-FICATION OF CHIEF ENGINEER OFFICERS AND SECOND ENGINEER OFFICERS OF SHIPSPOWERED BY MAIN PROPULSION MACHINERY OF BETWEEN 750 kW AND 3000 kW PROPUL-SION POWER
1. The syllabus given below is compiled for examination of candidates
for certification as chief engineer officer or second engineer officer of
ships powered by main propulsion machinery of between 750 kW and 3000 kW
propulsion power. Bearing in mind that a second engineer officer shall be
in a position to assume the responsibilities of the chief engineer officer
at any time, examination in these subjects shall be designed to test the
candidate's ability to assimilate all available information that affects
the safe operation of the ship's machinery.
2. With respect to paragraphs 3(d) and 4(a) below, the Administration
may omit knowledge requirements for types of propulsion machinery other
than those machinery installations for which the certificate to be awarded
shall be valid. A certificate awarded on such a basis shall not be valid
for any category of machinery installation which has been omitted until
the engineer officer proves to be competent in these items to the
satisfaction of the Administration. Any such limitation shall be stated in
the certificate.
3. Every candidate shall possess sufficient elementary theoretical
knowledge to understand the basic principles involved in the following
subjects:
(a) combustion processes;
(b) heat transmission;
(c) mechanics and hydromechanics;
(d) (i) marine diesel engines;
(ii) marine steam propulsion plant;
(iii) marine gas turbines;
(e) steering gear systems;
(f) properties of fuels and lubricants;
(g) properties of materials;
(h) fire-extinguishing agents;
(i) marine electrical equipment;
(j) automation, instrumentation and control systems;
(k) ship construction, including damage control;
(l) auxiliary systems.
4. Every candidate shall possess adequate practical knowledge, in at
least the following subjects:
(a) operation and maintenance of:
(i) marine diesel engines;
(ii) marine steam propulsion plant;
(iii) marine gas turbines;
(b) operation and maintenance of auxiliary machinery systems,
including steering gear systems;
(c) operation, testing and maintenance of electrical and control
equipment;
(d) operation and maintenance of cargo handling equipment and deck
machinery;
(e) detection of machinery malfunction, location of faults and
action to prevent damage;
(f) organization of safe maintenance and repair procedures;
(g) methods of, and aids for, fire prevention, detection and
extinction;
(h) regulations to be observed regarding pollution of the marine
environment and methods and aids to prevent such pollution;
(i) first aid related to injuries which might be expected in
machinery spaces and use of first aid equipment;
(j) functions and use of life-saving appliances;
(k) methods of damage control with specific reference to action to
be taken in the event of flooding of sea water into the engine room;
(l) safe working practices.
5. Every candidate shall possess a knowledge of international maritime
law as embodied in international agreements and conventions as they affect
the specific obligations and responsibilities of the engine department,
particularly those concerning safety and the protection of the marine
environment. The extent of knowledge of national maritime legislation is
left to the discretion of the Administration but shall include national
arrangements for implementing international agreements and conventions.
6. Every candidate shall possess a knowledge of personnel management,
organization and training aboard ships.
Regulation III/4 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Engineer Officers in Charge of a Watch in a Traditionally Manned EngineRoom or Designated Duty Engineer Officers in a Periodically Unmanned En-gine Room
1. Every engineer officer in charge of a watch in a traditionally
manned engine room or the designated duty engineer officer in a
periodically unmanned engine room on a sea-going ship powered by main
propulsion machinery of 750 kW propulsion power or more shall hold an
appropriate certificate.
2. Every candidate for certification shall:
(a) be not less than 18 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, including
eyesight and hearing;
(c) have not less than a total of three years approved education
or training, relevant to the duties of a marine engineer;
(d) have completed an adequate period of sea-going service which
may have been included within the period of three years stated in
sub-paragraph (c);
(e) satisfy the Administration that he has the theoretical and
practical knowledge of the operation and maintenance of marine machinery
appropriate to the duties of an engineer officer;
(f) have attended an approved practical fire-fighting course;
(g) have knowledge of safe working practices.
The Administration may vary the requirement of sub-paragraphs (c) and
(d) for engineer officers of ships powered by main propulsion machinery of
less than 3000 kW propulsion power engaged on near-coastal voyages,
bearing in mind the effect on the safety of all ships which may be
operating in the same waters.
3. Every candidate shall have knowledge of the operation and
maintenance of main and auxiliary machinery, which shall include knowledge
of relevant regulatory requirements and also knowledge of at least the
following specific items:
(a) Watchkeeping routines
(i) duties associated with taking over and accepting a watch;
(ii) routine duties undertaken during a watch;
(iii) maintenance of the machinery space log book and the
significance of readings taken;
(iv) duties associated with handing over a watch.
(b) Main and auxiliary machinery
(i) assisting in the preparation of main machinery and preparation
of auxiliary machinery for operation;
(ii) operation of steam boilers, including combustion system;
(iii) methods of checking water level in steam boilers and action
necessary if water level is abnormal;
(iv) location of common faults of machinery and plant in engine
and boiler rooms and action necessary to prevent damage.
(c) Pumping systems
(i) routine pumping operations;
(ii) operation of bilge, ballast and cargo pumping systems.
(d) Generating plant
Preparing, starting, coupling and changing over alternators or
generators.
(e) Safety and emergency procedures
(i) safety precautions to be observed during a watch and immediate
actions to be taken in the event of a fire or accident, with particular
reference to oil systems.
(ii) safe isolation of electrical and other types of plant and
equipment required before personnel are permitted to work on such plant
and equipment.
(f) Anti-pollution procedures
The precautions to be observed to prevent pollution of the
environment by oil, cargo residue, sewage, smoke or other pollutants. The
use of pollution prevention equipment, including oily water separators,
sludge tank systems and sewage disposal plant.
(g) First aid
Basic first aid related to injuries which might be expected in
machinery spaces.
4. Where steam boilers do not form part of a ship's machinery, the
Administration may omit the knowledge requirements of paragraphs 3 (b)
(ii) and (iii). A certificate awarded on such a basis shall not be valid
for service on ships in which steam boilers form part of a ship's
machinery until the engineer officer proves to be competent in the omitted
items to the satisfaction of the Administration. Any such limitations
shall be stated in the certificate.
5. The training to achieve the necessary theoretical knowledge and
practical experience shall take into account relevant international
regulations and recommendations.
Regulation III/5 Mandatory Minimum Requirements to Ensure the Con-tinued Proficiency and Updating of Knowledge for Engineer Officers
1. Every engineer officer holding a certificate who is serving at sea
or intends to return to sea after a period ashore shall, in order to
continue to qualify for sea-going service in the rank appropriate to his
certificate, be required at regular intervals not exceeding five years to
satisfy the Administration as to:
(a) medical fitness, including eyesight and hearing; and
(b) professional competence:
(i) by approved service as an engineer officer of at least one
year during the preceding five years; or
(ii) by virtue of having performed functions relating to the
duties appropriate to the grade of certificate held which is considered to
be at least equivalent to the seagoing service required in paragraph 1(b)
(i); or
(iii) by one of the following:
-passing an approved test; or
-successfully completing an approved course or courses; or
-having completed approved sea-going service as an engineer
officer for a period of not less than three months in a supernumerary
capacity; or in a lower rank than that for which he holds the certificate,
immediately prior to taking up the rank to which he is entitled by virtue
of his certificate.
2. The course or courses referred to in paragraph 1 (b) (iii) shall
include, in particular, changes in the relevant international regulations
and recommendations concerning the safety of life at sea and the
protection of the marine environment.
3. The Administration shall ensure that the texts of recent changes in
international regulations concerning the safety of life at sea and the
protection of the marine environment are made available to ships under its
jurisdiction.
Regulation III/6 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Ratings Form-ing Part of an Engine Room Watch
1. The minimum requirements for a rating if forming part of an engine
room watch shall be set out in paragraph 2. These requirements are not
for:
(a) a rating nominated as the assistant to the engineer officer in
charge of the watch;
(b) a rating who is under training;
(c) a rating whose duties while on watch are of an unskilled nature.
2. Every rating forming part of an engine room watch shall:
(a) be not less than 16 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, including
eyesight and hearing;
(c) satisfy the Administration as to:
(i) experience or training regarding fire-fighting, basic first
aid, personal survival techniques, health hazards and personal safety;
(ii) ability to understand orders, and make himself understood in
matters relevant to his duties;
(d) satisfy the Administration that he has:
(i) shore experience relevant to his sea-going duties supplemented
by an adequate period of sea-going service as required by the
Administration; or
(ii) undergone special training either pre-sea or on board ship,
including an adequate period of sea-going service as required by the
Administration; or
(iii) approved sea-going service of at least six months.
3. Every such rating shall have knowledge of:
(a) engine room watchkeeping procedures and the ability to carry
out a watch routine appropriate to his duties;
(b) safe working practices as related to engine room operations;
(c) terms used in machinery spaces and names of machinery and
equipment relative to his duties;
(d) basic environmental protection procedures.
4. Every rating required to keep a boiler watch shall have knowledge
of the safe operation of boilers, and shall have the ability to maintain
the correct water levels and steam pressures.
5. Every rating forming part of an engine room watch shall be familiar
with his watchkeeping duties in the machinery spaces on the ship on which
he is to serve. In particular, with respect to that ship the rating shall
have:
(a) knowledge of the use of appropriate internal communication
systems;
(b) knowledge of escape routes from machinery spaces;
(c) knowledge of engine room alarm systems and ability to
distinguish between the various alarms with special reference to fire
extinguishing gas alarms;
(d) familiarity with the location and use of fire-fighting
equipment in the machinery spaces.
6. A seafarer may be considered by the Administration to have met the
requirements of this Regulation if he has served in a relevant capacity in
the engine department for a period of not less than one year within the
last five years preceding the entry into force of the Convention for that
Administration.
CHAPTER IV. RADIO DEPARTMENT RADIO WATCHKEEPING AND MAINTENANCE
Explanatory note:
Mandatory provisions relating to radio watchkeeping are set forth in
the Radio Regulations, and the safety radio watchkeeping and maintenance
provisions are set forth in the International Convention for the Safety of
Life at Sea and in the Radio Regulations, are these two sets of
Regulations may be amended and are in force. Attention is also directed to
the relevant resolutions adopted by the International Conference on
Training and Certification of Seafarers, 1978.
Regulation IV/1 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Radio Officers
1. Every radio officer in charge of, or performing, radio duties in a
ship shall hold an appropriate certificate or certificates issued or
recognised by the Administration under the provisions of the Radio
Regulations, and have adequate qualifying service.
2. In addition, a radio officer shall:
(a) be not less than 18 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, particularly
regarding eyesight, hearing and speech;
(c) meet the requirements of the Appendix to this Regulation.
3. Every candidate for a certificate shall be required to pass an
examination or examinations to the satisfaction of the Administration
concerned.
4. The level of knowledge required for certification shall be
sufficient for the radio officer to carry out this radio duties safely and
efficiently. In determining the appropriate level of knowledge and the
training necessary to achieve that knowledge and practical ability, the
Administration shall take into account the requirements of the Radio
Regulations and the Appendix to this Regulation. Administrations shall
also take into account the relevant resolutions adopted by the
International Conference on Training and Certification of Seafarers, 1978,
and relevant IMCO recommendations.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION IV/1 MINIMUM ADDITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND TR-AINING REQUIREMENTS FOR RADIO OFFICERS
In addition to satisfying the requirements for the issue of a
certificate in compliance with the Radio Regulations, radio officers shall
have knowledge and training, including practical training, in the
following:
(a) the provision of radio services in emergencies, including:
(i) abandon ship;
(ii) fire aboard ship;
(iii) partial or full breakdown of the radio station;
(b) the operation of lifeboats, liferafts, buoyant apparatus and
their equipment, with special reference to portable and fixed lifeboat
radio apparatus and emergency position-indicating radio beacons;
(c) survival at sea;
(d) first aid;
(e) fire prevention and fire-fighting with particular reference to
the radio installation;
(f) preventive measures for the safety of ship and personnel in
connexion with hazards related to radio equipment, including electrical,
radiation, chemical and mechanical hazards;
(g) the use of the IMCO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual
(MERSAR) with particular reference to radiocommunications;
(h) ship position-reporting systems and procedures;
(i) the use of the International Code of Signals and the IMCO
Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary;
(j) radio medical systems and procedures.
Regulation IV/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements to Ensure the Con-tinued Proficiency and Updating of Knowledge for Radio Officers
1. Every radio officer holding a certificate or certificates issued or
recognized by the Administration shall, in order to continue to qualify
for sea-going service, be required to satisfy the Administration as to the
following:
(a) medical fitness, particularly regarding eyesight, hearing and
speech, at regular intervals not exceeding five years; and
(b) professional competence:
(i) by approved radiocommunications service as a radio officer
with no single interruption of service exceeding five years;
(ii) following such interruption, by passing an approved test
or successfully completing an approved training course or courses at sea
or ashore, which shall include elements that are of direct relevance to
the safety of life at sea and modern radiocommunication equipment and may
also include radionavigation equipment.
2. When new modes, equipment or practices are being introduced aboard
ships entitled to fly its flag, the Administration may require radio
officers to pass an approved test or successfully complete an appropriate
training course or courses, at sea or ashore, with particular reference to
safety duties.
3. Every radio officer shall, to continue to qualify for sea-going
service on board particular types of ships for which special training
requirements have been internationally agreed upon, successfully complete
approved relevant training or examinations which shall take into account
relevant international regulations and recommendations.
4. The Administration shall ensure that the texts of recent changes in
international regulations relating to radiocommunications and relevant to
the safety of life at sea, are available to ships under its jurisdiction.
5. Administrations are encouraged, in consultation with those
concerned, to formulate or promote the formulation of a structure of
refresher and updating courses, either voluntary or mandatory, as
appropriate, at sea or ashore, for radio officers who are serving at sea
and especially for re-entrants to sea-going service. The course or courses
shall include elements that are of direct relevance to radio duties and
include changes in marine radiocommunication technology and relevant
international regulations and recommendations concerning the safety of
life at sea.
Regulation IV/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for Certificationof Radiotelephone Operators
1. Every radiotelephone operator in charge of, or performing, radio
duties in a ship shall hold an appropriate certificate or certificates
issued or recognized by the Administration under the provisions of the
Radio Regulations.
2. In addition, such radiotelephone operator of a ship which is
required to have a radiotelephone station by the International Convention
for the Safety of Life at Sea, shall:
(a) be not less than 18 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness, particularly
regarding eyesight, hearing and speech;
(c) meet the requirements of the Appendix to this Regulation.
3. Every candidate for a certificate shall be required to pass an
examination or examinations to the satisfaction of the Administration
concerned.
4. The level of knowledge required for certification shall be
sufficient for the radiotelephone operator to carry out his radio duties
safely and efficiently. In determining the appropriate level of knowledge
and the training necessary to achieve that knowledge and practical
ability, the Administration shall take into account the requirements of
the Radio Regulations and the Appendix to this Regulation. Administrations
shall also take into account the relevant resolutions adopted by the
International Conference on Training and Certification of Seafarers 1978,
and relevant IMCO recommendations.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION IV/3 MINIMUM ADDITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND TR-AINING REQUIREMENTS FOR RADIOTELEPHONE OPERATORS
In addition to satisfying the requirements for the issue of a
certificate in compliance with the Radio Regulations, radiotelephone
operators shall have knowledge and training, including practical training,
in the following:
(a) the provision of radio services in emergencies, including:
(i) abandon ship;
(ii) fire aboard ship;
(iii) partial or full breakdown of the radio station;
(b) the operation of lifeboats, liferafts, buoyant apparatus and
their equipment, with special reference to portable and fixed lifeboat
radio apparatus and emergency position-indicating radio beacons;
(c) survival at sea;
(d) first aid;
(e) fire prevention and fire-fighting with particular reference to
the radio installation;
(f) preventive measures for the safety of ship and personnel in
connexion with hazards related to radio equipment, including electrical,
radiation, chemical and mechanical hazards;
(g) the use of the IMCO Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual
(MERSAR) with particular reference to radiocommunications;
(h) ship position-reporting systems and procedures;
(i) the use of the International Code of Signals and the IMCO
Standard Marine Navigational Vocabulary;
(j) radio medical systems and procedures.
CHAPTER V. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TANKERS
Regulation V/1 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Training andQualifications of Masters, Officers and Ratings of Oil Tankers
1. Officers and ratings who are to have specific duties, and
responsibilities related to those duties, in connexion with cargo and
cargo equipment on oil tankers and who have not served on board an oil
tanker as part of the regular complement, before carrying out such duties
shall have completed an appropriate shore-based fire-fighting course; and
(a) an appropriate period of supervised shipboard service in order
to acquire adequate knowledge of safe operational practices; or
(b) an approved oil tanker familiarization course which includes
basic safety and pollution prevention precautions and procedures, layouts
of different types of oil tankers, types of cargo, their hazards and their
handling equipment, general operational sequence and oil tanker
terminology.
2. Masters, chief engineer officers, chief mates, second engineer
officers and, if other than the foregoing, any person with the immediate
responsibility for loading, discharging and care in transit or handling of
cargo, in addition to the provisions of paragraph 1, shall have:
(a) relevant experience appropriate to their duties on oil
tankers; and
(b) completed a specialized training programme appropriate to
their duties, including oil tanker safety, fire safety measures and
systems, pollution prevention and control, operational practice and
obligations under applicable laws and regulations.
3. Within two years after the entry into force of the Convention for a
Party, a seafarer may be considered to have met the requirements of
paragraph 2(b) if he has served in a relevant capacity on board oil
tankers for a period of not less than one year within the preceding five
years.
Regulation V/2 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Training andQualifications of Masters, Officers and Ratings of Chemical Tankers
1. Officers and ratings who are to have specific duties, and
responsibilities related to those duties, in connexion with cargo and
cargo equipment on chemical tankers and who have not served on board a
chemical tanker as part of the regular complement, before carrying out
such duties shall have completed an appropriate shore-based fire-fighting
course; and
(a) an appropriate period of supervised shipboard service in order
to acquire adequate knowledge of safe operational practices; or
(b) an approved chemical tanker familiarization course which
includes basic safety and pollution prevention precautions and procedures,
layouts of different types of chemical tankers, types of cargo, their
hazards and their handling equipment, general operational sequence and
chemical tanker terminology.
2. Masters, chief engineer officers, chief mates, second engineer
officers and, if other than the foregoing, any person with the immediate
responsibility for loading, discharging and care in transit or handling of
cargo, in addition to the provisions of paragraph 1, shall have:
(a) relevant experience appropriate to their duties on chemical
tankers; and
(b) completed a specialized training programme appropriate to
their duties including chemical tanker safety, fire safety measures and
systems, pollution prevention and control, operational practice and
obligations under applicable laws and regulations.
3. Within two years after the entry into force of the Convention for a
Party, a seafarer may be considered to have met the requirements of
paragraph 2 (b) if he has served in a relevant capacity on board chemical
tankers for a period of not less than one year within the preceding five
years.
Regulation V/3 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Training andQualifications of Masters, Officers and Ratings of Liquefied Gas Tankers
1. Officers and ratings who are to have specific duties, and
responsibilities related to those duties, in connexion with cargo and
cargo equipment on liquefied gas tankers and who have not served on board
a liquefied gas tanker as part of the regular complement, before carrying
out such duties shall have completed an appropriate shore-based
fire-fighting course; and
(a) an appropriate period of supervised shipboard service in order
to acquire adequate knowledge of safe operational practices; or
(b) an approved liquefied gas tanker familiarization course which
includes basic safety and pollution prevention precautions and procedures,
layouts of difference types of liquefied gas tankers, types of cargo,
their hazards and their handling equipment, general operational sequence
and liquefied gas tanker terminology.
2. Masters, chief engineer officers, chief mates, second engineer
officers and, if other than the foregoing, any person with the immediate
responsibility for loading, discharging and care in transit or handling of
cargo, in addition to the provisions of paragraph 1, shall have:
(a) relevant experience appropriate to their duties on liquefied
gas tankers; and
(b) completed a specialized training programme appropriate to
their duties including liquefied gas tanker safety, fire safety measures
and systems, pollution prevention and control, operational practice and
obligations under applicable laws and regulations.
3. Within two years after the entry into force of the Convention for a
Party, a seafarer may be considered to have met the requirements of
paragraph 2(b) if he has served in a relevant capacity on board liquefied
gas tankers for a period of not less than one year within the preceding
five years.
CHAPTER VI. PROFICIENCY IN SURVIVAL CRAFT
Regulation VI/1 Mandatory Minimum Requirements for the Issue ofCertificates of Proficiency in Survival Craft
Every seafarer to be issued with a certificate of proficiency in
survival craft shall:
(a) be not less than 17 1/2 years of age;
(b) satisfy the Administration as to medical fitness;
(c) have approved sea-going service of not less than 12 months or
have attended an approved training course and have approved sea-going
service of not less than nine months;
(d) satisfy the Administration by examination or by continuous
assessment during an approved training course that he possesses knowledge
of the contents of the Appendix to this Regulation;
(e) demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administration by
examination or by continuous assessment during an approved training course
that he possesses the ability to:
(i) don a life-jacket correctly; safely jump from a height
into the water; board a survival craft from the water while wearing a
life-jacket;
(ii) right an inverted liferaft while wearing a life-jacket;
(iii) interpret the markings on survival craft with respect to
the number of persons they are permitted to carry;
(iv) make the correct commands required for launching and
boarding the survival craft, clearing the ship and handling and
disembarking from the survival craft;
(v) prepare and launch survival craft safely into the water
and clear the ship's side quickly;
(vi) deal with injured persons both during and after
abandonment;
(vii) row and steer, erect a mast, set the sails, manage a
boat under sail and steer a boat by compass;
(viii) use signalling equipment, including pyrotechnics;
(ix) use portable radio equipment for survival craft.
APPENDIX TO REGULATION VI/I MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED FOR THE IS-SUE OF CERTIFICATES OF PROFICIENCY IN SURVIVAL CRAFT
1. Types of emergency situations which may occur, such as collisions,
fire, foundering.
2. Principles of survival including:
(a) value of training and drills;
(b) need to be ready for any emergency;
(c) actions to be taken when called to survival craft stations;
(d) actions to be taken when required to abandon ship;
(e) actions to be taken when in the water;
(f) actions to be taken when aboard a survival craft;
(g) main dangers to survivors.
3. Special duties assigned to each crew member as indicated in the
muster list, including the differences between the signals calling all
crew to survival craft and to fire stations.
4. Types of life-saving appliances normally carried on board ships.
5. Construction and outfit of survival craft and individual items of
their equipment.
6. Particular characteristics and facilities of survival craft.
7. Various types of devices used for launching survival craft.
8. Methods of launching survival craft into a rough sea.
9. Action to be taken after leaving the ship.
10. Handling survival craft in rough weather.
11. Use of painter, sea anchor and all other equipment.
12. Apportionment of food and water in survival craft.
13. Methods of helicopter rescue.
14. Use of the first aid kit and resuscitation techniques.
15. Radio devices carried in survival craft, including emergency
position-indicating radio beacons.
16. Effects of hypothermia and its prevention; use of protective
covers and protective garments.
17. Methods of starting and operating a survival craft engine and its
accessories together with the use of fire extinguisher provided.
18. Use of emergency boats and motor lifeboats for marshalling
liferafts and rescue of survivors and persons in the sea.
19. Beaching a survival craft.
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