| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
AMENDMENTS TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFEAT SEA, 1974

AMENDMENTS TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFEAT SEA, 1974 .2.8 Ventilation arrangements to the space containing the independent source of power for the emergency fire pump shall be such as to preclude, as far as practicable, the possibility of smoke from a machinery space fire entering or being drawn into that space.

.3 In passenger ships of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage and cargo ships of less than 2,000 tons gross tonnage, if a fire in any one compartment could put all the pumps out of action the alternative means of providing water for fire-fighting purposes are to the satisfaction of the Administration.

.4 In addition, in cargo ships where other pumps, such as general service, bilge and ballast, etc., are fitted in a machinery space, arrangements shall be made to ensure that at least one of these pumps, having the capacity and pressure required by paragraphs 2.2 and 4.2, is capable of providing water to the fire main.

3.4 The arrangements for the ready availability of water supply shall be: .1 in passenger ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards such that at least one effective jet of water is immediately available from any hydrant in an interior location and so as to ensure the continuation of the output of water by the automatic starting of a required fire pump; .2 in passenger ships of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage and in cargo ships to the satisfaction of the Administration; .3 in cargo ships with a periodically unattended machinery space or when only one person is required on watch there shall be immediate water delivery from the fire main system at a suitable pressure, either by remote starting of one of the main fire pumps with remote starting from the navigating bridge and fire control station, if any, or permanent pressurization of the fire main system by one of the main fire pumps, except that the Administration may waive this requirement for cargo ships of less than 1,600 tons gross tonnage if the arrangement of the machinery space access makes it unnecessary; .4 in passenger ships, if fitted with periodically unattended machinery spaces in accordance with Regulation II-1/54, the Administration shall determine provisions for fixed water fire-extinguishing arrangement for such spaces equivalent to those required for normally attended machinery spaces.

3.5 Relief valves shall be provided in conjunction with all fire pumps if the pumps are capable of developing a pressure exceeding the design pressure of the water service pipes, hydrants and hoses. These valves shall be so placed and adjusted as to prevent excessive pressure in any part of the fire main system.

3.6 In tankers isolation valves shall be fitted in the fire main at poop front in a protected position and on the tank deck at intervals of not more than 40 m to preserve the integrity of the fire main system in case of fire or explosion.

4 Diameter of and pressure in the fire mains 4.1 The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes shall be sufficient for the effective distribution of the maximum required discharge from two fire pumps operating simultaneously, except that in the case of cargo ships the diameter need only be sufficient for the 3 discharge of 140 m / hour.

4.2 With the two pumps simultaneously delivering through nozzles specified in paragraph 8 the quantity of water specified in paragraph 4.1, through any adjacent hydrants, the following minimum pressures shall be maintained at all hydrants: Passenger ships: 4,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards 0.31 N /square mm 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards 0.27 N /square mm but under 4,000 tons gross tonnage Under 1,000 tons gross tonnage To the satisfaction of the Administration Cargo ships: 6,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards 0.27 N/square mm 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards 0.25 N/square mm but under 6,000 tons gross tonnage Under 1,000 tons gross tonnage To the satisfaction of the Administration 4.3 The maximum pressure at any hydrant shall not exceed that at which the effective control of a fire hose can be demonstrated.

5 Number and position of hydrants 5.1 The number and position of hydrants shall be such that at least two jets of water not emanating from the same hydrant, one of which shall be from a single length of hose, may reach any part of the ship normally accessible to the passengers or crew while the ship is being navigated and any part of any cargo space when empty, any ro/ro cargo space or any special category space in which latter case the two jets shall reach any part of such space, each from a single length of hose. Furthermore, such hydrants shall be positioned near the accesses to the protected spaces.

5.2 In the accommodation, service and machinery spaces of passenger ships the number and position of hydrants shall be such that the requirements of paragraph 5.1 may be complied with when all watertight doors and all doors in main vertical zone bulkheads are closed.

5.3 Where, in a passenger ship, access is provided to a machinery space of category A at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel, two hydrants shall be provided external to, but near the entrance to that machinery space. Where such access is provided from other spaces, in one of those spaces two hydrants shall be provided near the entrance to the machinery space of category A. Such provision need not be made where the tunnel or adjacent spaces are not part of the escape route.

6 Pipes and hydrants 6.1 Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for fire mains and hydrants unless adequately protected. The pipes and hydrants shall be so placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to them. The arrangement of pipes and hydrants shall be such as to avoid the possibility of freezing. In ships where deck cargo may be carried, the positions of the hydrants shall be such that they are always readily accessible and the pipes shall be arranged as far as practicable to avoid risk of damage by such cargo. Unless one hose and nozzle is provided for each hydrant in the ship, there shall be complete interchange ability of hose couplings and nozzles.

6.2 A valve shall be fitted to serve each fire hose so that any fire hose may be removed while the fire pumps are at work.

6.3 Isolating valves to separate the section of the fire main within the machinery space containing the main fire pump or pumps from the rest of the fire main shall be fitted in an easily accessible and tenable position outside the machinery spaces. The fire main shall be so arranged that when the isolating valves are shut all the hydrants on the ship, except those in the machinery space referred to above, can be supplied with water by a fire pump not located in this machinery space through pipes which do not enter this space. Exceptionally, the Administration may permit short lengths of the emergency fire pump suction and discharge piping to penetrate the machinery space if it is impracticable to route it externally provided that the integrity of the fire main is maintained by the enclosure of the piping in a substantial steel casing.

7 Fire hoses 7.1 Fire hoses shall be of material approved by the Administration and shall be sufficient in length to project a jet of water to any of the spaces in which they may be required to be used. Their maximum length shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration. Each hose shall be provided with a nozzle and the necessary couplings. Hoses specified in this Chapter as "fire hoses" shall together with any necessary fittings and tools be kept ready for use in conspicuous positions near the water service hydrants or connexions. Additionally in interior locations in passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers fire hoses shall be connected to the hydrants at all times.

7.2 Ships shall be provided with fire hoses the number and diameter of which shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

7.3 In passenger ships there shall be at least one fire hose for each of the hydrants required by paragraph 5 and these hoses shall be used only for the purposes of extinguishing fires or testing the fire-extinguishing apparatus at fire drills and survey s.

7.4.1 In cargo ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards the number of fire hoses to be provided shall be one for each 30 m length of the ship and one spare but in no case less than five in all. This number does not include any hoses required in any engine or boiler room. The Administration may increase the number of hoses required so as to ensure that hoses in sufficient number are available and accessible at all times, having regard to the type of ship and the nature of trade in which the ship is employed.

7.4.2 In cargo ships of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage the number of fire hoses to be provided shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

8 Nozzles 8.1 For the purposes of this Chapter, standard nozzle sizes shall be 12 mm, 16 mm and 19 mm or as near thereto as possible. Larger diameter nozzles may be permitted at the discretion of the Administration.

8.2 For accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size greater than 12 mm need not be used.

8.3 For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the nozzle size shall be such as to obtain the maximum discharge possible from two jets at the pressure mentioned in paragraph 4 from the smallest pump, provided that a nozzle size greater than 19 mm need not be used.

8.4 All nozzles shall be of an approved dual purpose type (i.e.

spray/jet type) incorporating a shut-off.

9 Location and arrangement of water pumps, etc., for other fire-extinguishing systems Pumps required for the provision of water for other fire-extinguishing systems required by this Chapter, their sources of power and their controls shall be installed outside the space or spaces protected by such systems and shall be so arranged that a fire in the space or spaces protected will not put any such system out of action.

Regulation 5 Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems 1 General 1.1 The use of a fire-extinguishing medium which, in the opinion of the Administration, either by itself or under expected conditions of use gives off toxic gases in such quantities as to endanger persons shall not be permitted.

1.2 The necessary pipes for conveying fire-extinguishing medium into protected spaces shall be provided with control valves so marked as to indicate clearly the spaces to which the pipes are led. Suitable provision shall be made to prevent inadvertent admission of the medium to any space.

Where a cargo space fitted with a gas fire-extinguishing system is used as a passenger space the gas connexion shall be blanked during such use.

1.3 The piping for the distribution of fire-extinguishing medium shall be arranged and discharge nozzles so positioned that a uniform distribution of medium is obtained.

1.4 Means shall be provided to close all openings which may admit air to or allow gas to escape from a protected space.

1.5 Where the volume of free air contained in air receivers in any space is such that, if released in such space in the event of fire, such release of air within that space would seriously affect the efficiency of the fixed fire-extinguishing system, the Administration shall require the provision of an additional quantity of fire-extinguishing medium.

1.6 Means shall be provided for automatically giving audible warning of the release of fire-extinguishing medium into any space in which personnel normally work or to which they have access. The alarm shall operate for a suitable period before the medium is released.

1.7 The means of control of any fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems shall be readily accessible and simple to operate and shall be grouped together in as few locations as possible at positions not likely to be cut off by a fire in a protected space. At each location there shall be clear instructions relating to the operation of the system having regard to the safety of personnel.

1.8 Automatic release of fire-extinguishing medium shall not be permitted, except as permitted by paragraph 3.3.5 and in respect of local automatically operated units referred to in paragraphs 3.4 and 3.5.

1.9 Where the quantity of extinguishing medium is required to protect more than one space, the quantity of medium available need not be more than the largest quantity required for any one space so protected.

1.10 Except as otherwise permitted by paragraphs 3.3, 3.4 or 3.5 pressure containers required for the storage of fire-extinguishing medium, other than steam, shall be located outside protected spaces in accordance with paragraph 1.12.

1.11 Means shall be provided for the crew to safety check the quantity of medium in the containers.

1.12 Containers for the storage of fire-extinguishing medium and associated pressure components shall be designed to pressure codes of practice to the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to their locations and maximum ambient temperatures expected in service.

1.13 When the fire-extinguishing medium is stored outside a protected space, it shall be stored in a room which shall be situated in a safe and readily accessible position and shall be effectively ventilated to the satisfaction of the Administration. Any entrance to such a storage room shall preferably be from the open deck and in any case shall be independent of the protected space. Access doors shall open outwards, and bulkheads and decks including doors and other means of closing any opening therein, which form the boundaries between such rooms and adjoining enclosed spaces shall be gastight. For the purpose of the application of the integrity tables in Regulations 26, 27, 44 and 58, such storage rooms shall be treated as control stations.

1.14 Spare parts for the system shall be stored on board and be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

2 Carbon dioxide systems 2.1 For cargo spaces the quantity of carbon dioxide available shall, unless otherwise provided, be sufficient to give a minimum volume of free gas equal to 30 per cent of the gross volume of the largest cargo space so protected in the ship.

2.2 For machinery spaces the quantity of carbon dioxide carried shall be sufficient to give a minimum quantity of free gas equal to the larger of the following quantities, either: .1 40 per cent of the gross volume of the largest machinery space so protected, the volume to exclude that part of the casing above the level at which the horizontal area of the casing is 40 per cent or less of horizontal area of the space concerned taken midway between the tank top and the lowest part of the casing; or .2 35 per cent of the gross volume of the largest machinery space protected, including the casing; provided that the above-mentioned percentages may be reduced to 35 per cent and 30 per cent respectively for cargo ships of less than 2,000 tons gross tonnage; provided also that if two or more machinery spaces are not entirely separate they shall be considered as forming one space.

2.3 For the purpose of this paragraph the volume of free carbon dioxide shall be calculated 3 at 0.56 m /kg.

2.4 For machinery spaces the fixed piping system shall be such that 85 per cent of the gas can be discharged into the space within 2 minutes.

3 Halogenated hydrocarbon systems 3.1 The use of halogenated hydrocarbons as fire-extinguishing media is only permitted in machinery spaces, pumprooms and in cargo spaces intended solely for the carriage of vehicles which are not carrying any cargo.

3.2 When halogenated hydrocarbons are used as the fire-extinguishing media in total flooding systems: .1 The system shall be arranged for manual initiation of power release only.

.2 If the charge of halogenated hydrocarbon is required to supply more than one space, the arrangements for its storage and release shall be such that compliance with paragraphs 3.2.9 or 3.2.10 respectively, is obtained.

.3 Means shall be provided for automatically stopping all ventilation fans serving the protected space before the medium is released.

.4 Means shall be provided to manually close all dampers in the ventilation system serving a protected space.

.5 The discharge arrangements shall be so designed that the minimum quantity of medium required for cargo spaces or machinery spaces in paragraphs 3.2.9 or 3. 2.10 respectively can be substantially discharged in a nominal 20 seconds or less based on the discharge of the liquid phase.

.6 The system shall be designed to operate within a temperature range to the satisfaction of the Administration.

.7 The discharge shall not endanger personnel engaged on maintenance of equipment or using the normal access ladders and escapes serving the space.

.8 Means shall be provided for the crew to safely check the pressure within containers.

.9 The quantity of extinguishing medium for cargo spaces intended solely for the carriage of vehicles which are not carrying any cargo shall be calculated in accordance with table 5.1. This quantity shall be based on the gross volume of the protected space. In respect of Halon 1301 and 1211, the quantity shall be calculated on a volumetric ratio basis, and in respect of Halon 2402 on a mass per unit volume basis. TABLE 5.1 |--------------- | Halon | Minimum | Maximum | |----|-------|-------| | 1301 | 5 per cent | 7 per cent | | 1211 | 5 per cent | 5.5 per cent | | 3 | 3 | | 2402 | 0.23 kg/m | 0.30 kg/m | |--------------- .10 The quantity of extinguishing media for machinery spaces shall be calculated in accordance with table 5.2. This quantity shall be based on the gross volume of the space in respect of the minimum concentration and the net volume of the space in respect of the maximum concentration, including the casing. In respect of Halon 1301 and 1211, the quantity shall be calculated on a volumetric ratio basis, and in respect of Halon 2402 on a mass per unit volume basis.

TABLE 5.2 |---------------- | Halon | Minimum | Maximum | |----|-------|-------| | 1301 | 4.25 per cent | 7 per cent | | 1211 | 4.25 per cent | 5.5 per cent | | 2402 | 0.20 kg/cubic m | 0.30 kg/cubic m | ---------------- .11 For the purpose of paragraphs 3.2.9 and 3.2.10, the volume of Halon 1301 shall 3 be calculated at 0.16 m /kg and the volume of Halon 1211 shall be calculated at 0.

3 14 m /kg.

3.3 Only Halon 1301 may be stored within a protected machinery space.

Containers shall be individually distributed throughout that space and the following requirements shall be complied with: .1 A manually initiated power release, located outside the protected space, shall be provided. Duplicate sources of power shall be provided for this release and shall be located outside the protected space and be immediately available except that for machinery spaces, one of the sources of power may be located inside the protected space.

.2 Electrical power circuits connecting the containers shall monitored for fault conditions and loss of power. Visual and audible alarms shall be provided to indicate this.

.3 Pneumatic or hydraulic power circuits connecting the containers shall be duplicated. The sources of pneumatic or hydraulic pressure shall be monitored for loss of pressure. Visual and audible alarms shall be provided to indicate this.

.4 Within the protected space, electrical circuits essential for the release of the system shall be heat resistant e.g. mineral insulated cable or equivalent. Piping systems essential for the release of systems designed to be operated hydraulically or pneumatically shall be of steel or other equivalent heat-resisting material to the satisfaction of the Administration.

.5 Each pressure container shall be fitted with an automatic over-pressure release device which, in the event of the container being exposed to the effects of fire and the system not being operated, will safely vent the contents of the container into the protected space.

.6 The arrangement of containers and the electrical circuits and piping essential for the release of any system shall be such that in the event of damage to any one power release line through fire or explosion in a protected space, i.e. a single fault concept, at least two-thirds of the fire-extinguishing charge required by paragraphs 3.2.9 or 3.2.10 for that space can still be discharged having regard to the requirement for uniform distribution of medium throughout the space. The arrangements in respect of systems for spaces requiring only one or two containers shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

.7 Nor more than two discharge nozzles shall be fitted to any pressure container and the maximum quantity of agent in each container shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to the requirement for uniform distribution of medium throughout the space.

.8 The containers shall be monitored for decrease in pressure due to leakage and discharge. Visual and audible alarms in the protected area and on the navigating bridge or in the space where the fire control equipment is centralized shall be provided to indicate this condition, except that for cargo spaces, alarms are only required on the navigating bridge or the space where the fire control equipment is centralized.

3.4 Local automatically operated fixed fire-extinguishing units containing Halon 1301 or 1211, fitted in enclosed areas of high fire risk within machinery spaces, in addition to, and independent of, any required fixed fire-extinguishing system may be accepted subject to compliance with the following: .1 The space in which such additional local protection is provided shall preferably be on one working level and on the same level as the access. At the discretion of Administration more than one working level may be permitted subject to an access being provided on each level.

.2 The size of the space and arrangements of accesses thereto and machinery therein, shall be such that escape from anywhere in the space can be effected in not more than 10 seconds.

.3 The operation of any unit shall be signalled both visually and audibly outside each access to the machinery space and at the navigating bridge or in the space where the fire control equipment is centralized.

.4 A notice indicating that the space contains one or more automatically operated fire-extinguishing units and stating which medium is used, shall be displayed outside each access thereto.

.5 Discharge nozzles shall be so positioned that the discharge does not endanger personnel using the normal access ladders and escapes serving the compartment. Provision shall also be made to protect personnel engaged in maintenance of machinery from inadvertent discharge of the medium.

.6 The fire-extinguishing units shall be designed to operate within a temperature range to the satisfaction of the Administration.

.7 Means shall be provided for the crew to safely check the pressure within the containers.

.8 The total quantity of extinguishing medium provided in the local automatically operated units shall be such that a concentration of 7 per cent in respect of Halon 1301 and 5.5 per cent in respect of Halon 1211 at 20¡æ based on the net volume of the enclosed space is not exceeded. This requirement applies when either a local automatically operated unit or a fixed system fitted in compliance with paragraph 3.2 has operated, but not when both have operated. The volume of Halon 1301 shall be calculated at 0.16 cubic m /kg and the volume of Halon 1211 shall be calculated at 0.14 cubic m /kg.

.9 The time of discharge of a unit, based on the discharge of the liquid phase, shall be 10 seconds or less.

.10 The arrangement of local automatically operated fire-extinguishing units shall be such that their release does not result in loss of electrical power or reduction of the manoeuvrability of the ship.

3.5 Automatically operated fire-extinguishing units, as described in paragraph 3.4, fitted in machinery spaces over equipment having a high fire risk, in addition to and independent of any required fixed fire-extinguishing system, may be accepted subject to compliance with paragraphs 3.4.3 to 3.4.6, 3.4.9 and 3.4.10 and with the following: .1 The quantity of medium provided in local automatically operated units shall be such that a vapour in air concentration not greater than 1.25 per cent at 20¡æ based on the gross volume of the machinery space is obtained in the event of their simultaneous operation.

.2 The volume of Halon 1301 shall be calculated at 0.16 cubic m /kg and the volume of Halon 1211 shall be calculated at 0.14 cubic m /kg.

4 Steam systems In general, the Administration shall not permit the use of steam as a fire-extinguishing medium in fixed fire-extinguishing systems. Where the use of steam is permitted by the Administration it shall be used only in restricted areas as an addition to the required fire-extinguishing medium and with the proviso that the boiler or boilers available for supplying steam 3 shall have an evaporation of at least 1.0 kg of steam per hour for each 0.75 m of the gross volume of the largest space so protected. In addition to complying with the foregoing requirements the systems in all respects shall be as determined by, and to the satisfaction of, the Administration.

5 Other gas systems 5.1 Where gas other than carbon dioxide or halogenated hydrocarbons, or steam as permitted by paragraph 4 is produced on the ship and is used as a fire-extinguishing medium, it shall be a gaseous product of fuel combustion in which the oxygen content, the carbon monoxide content, the corrosive elements and any solid combustible elements have been reduced to a permissible minimum.

5.2 Where such gas is used as the fire-extinguishing medium in a fixed fire-extinguishing system for the protection of machinery spaces it shall afford protection equivalent to that provided by a fixed system using carbon dioxide as the medium.

5.3 Where such gas is used as a fire-extinguishing medium in a fixed fire-extinguishing system for the protection of cargo spaces, a sufficient quantity of such gas shall be available to supply hourly a volume of free gas at least equal to 25 per cent of the gross volume of the largest space protected in this way for a period of 72 hours.

Regulation 6 Fire extinguishers 1 All fire extinguishers shall be of approved types and designs.

1.1 The capacity of required portable fluid extinguishers shall be not more than 13.5 l and not less than 9 l. Other extinguishers shall be at least as portable as the 13.5 l fluid extinguisher and shall have a fire-extinguishing capability at least equivalent to that of a 9 l fluid extinguisher.

1.2 The Administration shall determine the equivalents of fire extinguishers.

2 Spare charges shall be provided in accordance with requirements to be specified by the Administration.

3 Fire extinguishers containing an extinguishing medium which, in the opinion of the Administration, either by itself or under expected conditions of use gives off toxic gases in such quantities as to endanger persons shall not be permitted.

4 A portable foam applicator unit shall consist of an air-foam nozzle of an inductor type capable of being connected to the fire main by a fire hose, together with a portable tank containing at least 20 l of foam-making liquid and one spare tank. The nozzle shall be capable of 3 producing effective foam suitable for extinguishing an oil fire, at the rate of at least 1.5 m / minute.

5 Fire extinguishers shall be periodically examined and subjected to such tests as the Administration may require.

6 One of the portable fire extinguishers intended for use in any space shall be stowed near the entrance to that space.

7 Accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations shall be provided with portable fire extinguishers of appropriate types and in sufficient number to the satisfaction of the Administration. Ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall carry at least five portable fire extinguishers.

Regulation 7 Fire-extinguishing arrangements in machinery spaces 1 Spaces containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units 1.1 Machinery spaces of category A containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units shall be provided with any one of the following fixed fire-extinguishing systems: .1 a gas system complying with the provisions of Regulation 5; .2 a high expansion foam system complying with the provisions of Regulation 9; .3 a pressure water-spraying system complying with the provisions of Regulation 10.

In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine room, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one compartment.

1.2 There shall be in each boiler room at least one set of portable air-foam equipment complying with the provisions of Regulation 6.4.

1.3 There shall be at least two portable foam extinguishers or equivalent in each firing space in each boiler room and in each space in which a part of the oil fuel installation is situated. These shall be not less than one approved foam-type extinguisher of at least 135 l capacity or equivalent in each boiler room. These extinguishers shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching any part of the boiler room. In the case of domestic boilers of less than 175 kW in cargo ships the Administration may consider relaxing the requirements of this paragraph.

1.4 In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing sand, sawdust impregnated with soda, or other approved dry material in such quantity as may be required by the Administration. An approved portable extinguisher may be substituted as an alternative.

2 Spaces containing internal combustion machinery Machinery spaces of category A containing internal combustion machinery shall be provided with: .1 One of the fire-extinguishing systems required by paragraph 1.1.

.2 At least one set of portable air-foam equipment complying with the provisions of Regulation 6.4.

.3 In each such space approved foam type fire extinguishers, each of at least 45 l capacity or equivalent, sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems, gearing and other fire hazards. In addition, there shall be provided a sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that no point in the space is more than 10 m walking distance from an extinguisher and that there are at least two such extinguishers in each such space. For smaller spaces of cargo ships the Administration may consider relaxing this requirement.

3 Spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines In spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used either for main propulsion or for other purposes when such machinery has in the aggregate a total power output of not less than 375 kW there shall be provided: .1 Approved foam fire extinguishers each of at least 45 l capacity or equivalent sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the pressure lubrication system, on to any part of the casings enclosing pressure lubricated parts of the turbines, engines or associated gearing, and any other fire hazards. However, such extinguishers shall not be required if protection at least equivalent to that required by this sub-paragraph is provided in such spaces by a fixed fire-extinguishing system fitted in compliance with paragraph 1.1.

.2 A sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that no point in the space is more than 10 m walking distance from an extinguisher and that there are at least two such extinguishers in each such space, except that such extinguishers shall not be required in addition to any provided in compliance with paragraph 1.3.

.3 One of the fire-extinguishing systems required by paragraph 1.1, where such spaces are periodically unattended.

4 Fire-extinguishing appliances in other machinery spaces Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists in any machinery space for which no specific provisions for fire-extinguishing appliances are prescribed in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, there shall be provided in, or adjacent to, that space such a number of approved portable fire extinguishers or other means of fire extinction as the Administration may deem sufficient.

5 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems not required by this Chapter Where a fixed fire-extinguishing system not required by this Chapter is installed, such a system shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

6 Machinery spaces of category A in passenger ships In passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers each machinery space of category A shall be provided with at least two suitable water fog applicators. * [* A water fog applicator might consist of a metal "L" -shaped pipe, the long limb being about 2 m in length capable of being fitted to a fire hose and the short limb being about 250 mm in length fitted with a fixed water fog nozzle or capable of being fitted with a water spray nozzle.] Regulation 8 Fixed low-expansion foam fire-extinguishing systemsin machinery spaces 1 Where in any machinery space a fixed low-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system is fitted in addition to the requirements of Regulation 7, such system shall be capable of discharging through fixed discharge outlets in not more than five minutes a quantity of foam sufficient to cover to a depth of 150 mm the largest single area over which oil fuel is liable to spread. The system shall be capable of generating foam suitable for extinguishing oil fires. Means shall be provided for effective distribution of the foam through a permanent system of piping and control valves or cocks to suitable discharge outlets, and for the foam to be effectively directed by fixed sprayers on other main fire hazards in the protected space. The expansion ratio of the foam shall not exceed 12 to 1.

2 The means of control of any such systems shall be readily accessible and simple to operate and shall be grouped together in as few locations as possible at positions not likely to be cut off by a fire in the protected space.

Regulation 9 Fixed high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing systemsin machinery spaces 1.1 Any required fixed high-expansion foam system in machinery spaces shall be capable of rapidly discharging through fixed discharge outlets a quantity of foam sufficient to fill the greatest space to be protected at a rate of at least 1 m in depth per minute. The quantity of foam-forming liquid available shall be sufficient to produce a volume of foam equal to five times the volume of the largest space to be protected. The expansion ratio of the foam shall not exceed 1,000 to 1.

1.2 The Administration may permit alternative arrangements and discharge rates provided that it is satisfied that equivalent protection is achieved.

2 Supply ducts for delivering foam, air intakes to the foam generator and the number of foam-producing units shall in the opinion of the Administration be such as will provide effective foam production and distribution.

3 The arrangement of the foam generator delivery ducting shall be such that a fire in the protected space will not affect the foam generating equipment.

4 The foam generator, its sources of power supply, foam-forming liquid and means of controlling the system shall be readily accessible and simple to operate and shall be grouped in as few locations as possible at positions not like to be cut off by a fire in the protected space.

Regulation 10 Fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishingsystems in machinery spaces 1 Any required fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing system in machinery spaces shall be provided with spraying nozzles of an approved type.

2 The number and arrangement of the nozzles shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration and shall be such as to ensure an effective average distribution of water of at least 5 l/ 3 m per minute in the spaces to be protected. Where increased application rates are considered necessary, these shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration. Nozzles shall be fitted above bilges, tank tops and other areas over which oil fuel is liable to spread and also above other specific fire hazards in the machinery spaces.

3 The system may be divided into sections, the distribution valves of which shall be operated from easily accessible positions outside the spaces to be protected and will not be readily cut off by a fire in the protected space.

4 The system shall be kept charged at the necessary pressure and the pump supplying the water for the system shall be put automatically into action by a pressure drop in the system.

5 The pump shall be capable of simultaneously supplying at the necessary pressure all sections of the system in any one compartment to be protected. The pump and its controls shall be installed outside the space or spaces to be protected. It shall not be possible for a fire in the space or spaces protected by the water-spraying system to put the system out of action.

6 The pump may be driven by independent internal combustion machinery but, if it is dependent upon power being supplied from the emergency generator fitted in compliance with the provisions of Regulation II-1/44 or Regulation II-1/45, as appropriate, that generator shall be so arranged as to start automatically in case of main power failure so that power for the pump required by paragraph 5 is immediately available. When the pump is driven by independent internal combustion machinery it shall be so situated that a fire in the protected space will not affect the air supply to the machinery.

7 Precautions shall be taken to prevent the nozzles from becoming clogged by impurities in the water or corrosion of piping, nozzles, valves and pump.

Regulation 11 Special arrangements in machinery spaces 1 The provisions of this Regulation shall apply to machinery spaces of category A and, where the Administration considers it desirable, to other machinery spaces.

2.1 The number of skylights, doors, ventilators, openings in funnels to permit exhaust ventilation and other openings to machinery spaces shall be reduced to a minimum consistent with the needs of ventilation and the proper and safe working of the ship.

2.2 Skylights shall be of steel and shall not contain glass panels.

Suitable arrangements shall be made to permit the release of smoke in the event of fire, from the space to be protected.

2.3 In passenger ships, doors other than power-operated watertight doors, shall be so arranged that positive closure is assured in case of fire in the space, by power-operated closing arrangements or by the provision of self-closing doors capable of closing against an inclination of 3.5 ¡ã opposing closure and having a fail-safe hook-back facility, provided with a remotely operated release device.

3 Windows shall not be fitted in machinery space boundaries. This does not preclude the use of glass in control rooms within the machinery spaces.

4 Means of control shall be provided for: .1 opening and closure of skylights, closure of openings in funnels which normally allow exhaust ventilation, and closure of ventilator dampers; .2 permitting the release of smoke; .3 closing power-operated doors or actuating release mechanism on doors other than power-operated watertight doors; .4 stopping ventilating fans; and .5 stopping forced and induced draught fans, oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unit pumps and other similar fuel pumps.

5 The controls required in paragraph 4 and in Regulation 15.2.5 shall be located outside the space concerned, where they will not be cut off in the event of fire in the space they serve. In passenger ships such controls and the controls for any required fire-extinguishing system shall be situated at one control position or grouped in as few positions as possible to the satisfaction of the Administration. Such positions shall have a safe access from the open deck.

6 When access to any machinery space of category A is provided at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel, there shall be provided in the shaft tunnel, near the watertight door, a light steel fire-screen door operable from each side.

7 For periodically unattended machinery spaces in cargo ships, the Administration shall give special consideration to maintaining fire integrity of the machinery spaces, the location and centralization of the fire-extinguishing system controls, the required shut-down arrangements (e.g. ventilation, fuel pumps, etc.) and may require additional fire-extinguishing appliances and other fire-fighting equipment and breathing apparatus. In passenger ships these requirements shall be at least equivalent to those of machinery spaces normally attended.

8 An approved automatic fire detection and alarm system complying with the provisions of Regulation 14 shall be fitted in any machinery space: .1 where the installation of automatic and remote control systems and equipment has been approved in lieu of continuous manning of the space; and .2 where the main propulsion and associated machinery including sources of main electrical supply are provided with various degrees of automatic or remote control and are under continuous manned supervision from a control room.

Regulation 12 Automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarmsystems 1.1 Any required automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system shall be capable of immediate operation at all times and no action by the crew shall be necessary to set it in operation. It shall be of the wet pipe type but small exposed sections may be of the dry pipe type where in the opinion of the Administration this is a necessary precaution. Any parts of the system which may be subjected to freezing temperatures in service shall be suitably protected against freezing. It shall be kept charged at the necessary pressure and shall have provision for a continuous supply of water as required in this Regulation.

1.2 Each section of sprinklers shall include means for giving a visual and audible alarm signal automatically at one or more indicating units whenever any sprinkler comes into operation. Such alarm systems shall be such as to indicate if any fault occurs in the system.

1.2.1 In passenger ships such units shall give an indication of any fire and its location in any space served by the system and shall be centralized on the navigating bridge or in the main fire control station, which shall be so manned or equipped as to ensure that any alarm from the system is immediately received by a responsible member of the crew.

1.2.2 In cargo ships such units shall indicate in which section served by the system fire has occurred and shall be centralized on the navigating bridge and in addition, visible and audible alarms from the unit shall be placed in a position other than on the navigating bridge, so as to ensure that the indication of fire is immediately received by the crew.

2.1 Sprinklers shall be grouped into separate sections, each of which shall contain not more than 200 sprinklers. In passenger ships any section of sprinklers shall not serve more than two decks and shall not be situated in more than one main vertical zone. However, the Administration may permit such a section of sprinklers to serve more than two decks or be situated in more than one main vertical zone, if it is satisfied that the protection of the ship against fire will not thereby be reduced.

2.2 Each section of sprinklers shall be capable of being isolated by one stop valve only. The stop valve in each section shall be readily accessible and its location shall be clearly and permanently indicated.

Means shall be provided to prevent the operation of the stop valves by any unauthorized person.

2.3 A gauge indicating the pressure in the system shall be provided at each section stop valve and at a central station.

2.4 The sprinklers shall be resistant to corrosion by marine atmosphere. In accommodation and service spaces the sprinklers shall come into operation within the temperature range from 68¡ã to 79¡æ, except that in locations such as drying rooms, where high ambient temperatures might be expected, the operating temperature may be increased by not more than 30¡æ above the maximum deckhead temperature.

2.5 A list or plan shall be displayed at each indicating unit showing the spaces covered and the location of the zone in respect of each section. Suitable instructions for testing and maintenance shall be available.

3 Sprinklers shall be placed in an overhead position and spaced in a suitable pattern to maintain anaverage application rate of not less than 5 l/ square m per minute over the nominal area covered by the sprinklers.

However, the Administration may permit the use of sprinklers providing such an alternative amount of water suitably distributed as has been shown to the satisfaction of the Administration to be not less effective.

4.1 A pressure tank having a volume equal to at least twice that of the charge of water specified in this sub-paragraph shall be provided. The tank shall contain a standing charge of fresh water, equivalent to the amount of water which would be discharged in one minute by the pump referred to in paragraph 5.2, and the arrangements shall provide for maintaining an air pressure in the tank such as to ensure that where the standing charge of fresh water in the tank has been used the pressure will be not less than the working pressure of the sprinkler, plus the pressure exerted by a head of water measured from the bottom of the tank to the highest sprinkler in the system. Suitable means of replenishing the air under pressure and of replenishing the fresh water charge in the tank shall be provided. A glass gauge shall be provided to indicate the correct level of the water in the tank.

4.2 Means shall be provided to prevent the passage of sea-water into the tank.

5.1 An independent power pump shall be provided solely for the purpose of continuing automatically the discharge of water from the sprinklers.

The pump shall be brought into action automatically by the pressure drop in the system before the standing fresh water charge in the pressure tank is completely exhausted.

5.2 The pump and the piping system shall be capable of maintaining the necessary pressure at the level of the highest sprinkler to ensure a continuous output of water sufficient for the 2 simultaneous coverage of a minimum area of 280 m at the application rate specified in paragraph 3.

5.3 The pump shall have fitted on the delivery side a test valve with a short open-ended discharge pipe. The effective area through the valve and pipe shall be adequate to permit the release of the required pump output while maintaining the pressure in the system specified in paragraph 4.1.

5.4 The sea inlet to the pump shall wherever possible be in the space containing the pump and shall be so arranged that when the ship is afloat it will not be necessary to shut off the supply of sea-water to the pump for any purpose other than the inspection or repair of the pump.

6 The sprinkler pump and tank shall be situated in a position reasonably remote from any machinery space of category A and shall not be situated in any space required to be protected by the sprinkler system.

7.1 In passenger ships there shall be not less than two sources of power supply for the seawater pump and automatic alarm and detection system. Where the sources of power for the pump are electrical, these shall be a main generator and an emergency source of power. One supply for the pump shall be taken from the main switchboard, and one from the emergency switchboard by separate feeders reserved solely for that purpose. The feeders shall be so arranged as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces and other enclosed space of high risk except in so far as it is necessary to reach the appropriate switchboards, and shall be run to an automatic change-over switch situated near the sprinkler pump. This switch shall permit the supply of power from the main switchboard so long as a supply is available therefrom, and be so designed that upon failure of that supply it will automatically change over to the supply from the emergency switchboard. The switches on the main switchboard and the emergency switchboard shall be clearly labelled and normally kept closed.

No other switch shall be permitted in the feeders concerned. One of the sources of power supply for the alarm and detection system shall be an emergency source. Where one of the sources of power for the pump is an internal combustion engine it shall, in addition to complying with the provisions of paragraph 6, be so situated that a fire in any protected space will not affect the air supply to the machinery.

7.2 In cargo ships there shall not be less than two sources of power supply for the sea-water pump and automatic alarm and detection system. If the pump is electrically driven it shall be connected to the main source of electrical power, which shall be capable of being supplied by at least two generators. The feeders shall be so arranged as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk except in so far as it is necessary to reach the appropriate switchboards. One of the sources of power supply for the alarm and detection system shall be an emergency source. Where one of the sources of power for the pump is an internal combustion engine it shall, in addition to complying with the provisions of paragraph 6, be so situated that a fire in any protected space will not affect the air supply to the machinery.

8 The sprinkler system shall have a connexion from the ship's fire main by way of a lockable screw-down non-return valve at the connexion which will prevent a backflow from the sprinkler system to the fire main.

9.1 A test valve shall be provided for testing the automatic alarm for each section of sprinklers by a discharge of water equivalent to the operation of one sprinkler. The test valve for each section shall be situated near the stop valve for that section.

9.2 Means shall be provided for testing the automatic operation of the pump on reduction of pressure in the system.

9.3 Switches shall be provided at one of the indicating positions referred to in paragraph 1. 2 which will enable the alarm and the indicators for each section of sprinklers to be tested.

10 Spare sprinkler heads shall be provided for each section of sprinklers to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 13 Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems 1 General requirements 1.1 Any required fixed fire detection and fire alarm system with manually operated call points shall be capable of immediate operation at all times.

1.2 Power supplies and electric circuits necessary for the operation of the system shall be monitored for loss of power of fault conditions as appropriate. Occurrence of a fault condition shall initiate a visual and audible fault signal at the control panel which shall be distinct from a fire signal.

1.3 There shall be not less than two sources of power supply for the electrical equipment used in the operation of the fire detection and fire alarm system, one of which shall be an emergency source. The supply shall be provided by separate feeders reserved solely for that purpose. Such feeders shall run to an automatic change-over switch situated in or adjacent to the control panel for the fire detection system.

1.4 Detectors and manually operated call points shall be grouped into sections. The activation of any detector or manually operated call point shall initiate a visual and audible fire signal at the control panel and indicating units. If the signals have not received attention within two minutes an audible alarm shall be automatically sounded throughout the crew accommodation and service spaces, control stations and machinery spaces of category A. This alarm sounder system need not be an integral part of the detection system.

1.5 The control panel shall be located on the navigating bridge or in the main fire control station.

1.6 Indicating units shall denote the section in which a detector or manually operated call point has operated. At least one unit shall be so located that it is easily accessible to responsible members of the crew at all times, when at sea or in port except when the ship is out of service.

One indicating unit shall be located on the navigating bridge if the control panel is located in the main fire control station.

7 Clear information shall be displayed on or adjacent to each indicating unit about the spaces covered and the location of the sections.

1.8 No section covering more than one deck within accommodation, service and control stations shall normally be permitted except a section which covers an enclosed stairway. In order to avoid delay in identifying the source of fire, the number of enclosed spaces included in each section shall be limited as determined by the Administration. In no case shall more than fifty enclosed spaces be permitted in any section.

1.9 In passenger ships a section of detectors shall not serve spaces on both sides of the ship nor on more than one deck and neither shall it be situated in more than one main vertical zone except that the Administration, if it is satisfied that the protection of the ship against fire will not thereby be reduced, may permit such a section of detectors to serve both sides of the ship and more than one deck.

1.10 A section of fire detectors which covers a control station, a service space or an accommodation space shall not include a machinery space of category A.

1.11 Detectors shall be operated by heat, smoke or other products of combustion, flame, or any combination of these factors. Detectors operated by other factors indicative of incipient fires may be considered by the Administration provided that they are no less sensitive than such detectors. Flame detectors shall only be used in addition to smoke or heat detectors.

1.12 Suitable instructions and components spares for testing and maintenance shall be provided.

1.13 The function of the detection system shall be periodically tested to the satisfaction of the Administration by means of equipment producing hot air at the appropriate temperature, or smoke or aerosol particles having the appropriate range of density or particle size, or other phenomena associated with incipient fires to which the detector is designed to respond. All detectors shall be of a type such that they can be tested for correct operation and restored to normal surveillance without the renewal of any component.

1.14 The fire detection system shall not be used for any other purpose, except that closing of fire doors and similar functions may be permitted at the control panel.

2 Installation requirements 2.1 Manual call points shall be installed throughout the accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations. One manual call point shall be located at each exit. Manual call points shall be readily accessible in the corridors of each deck such that no part of the corridor is more than 20 m from a manual call point.

2.2 Smoke detectors shall be installed in all stairways, corridors and escape routes within accommodation spaces. Consideration shall be given to the installation of special purpose smoke detectors within ventilation ducting.

2.3 Where a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is required for the protection of spaces other than those specified in paragraph 2.2, at least one detector complying with paragraph 1.11 shall be installed in each such space.

2.4 Detectors shall be located for optimum performance. Positions near beams and ventilation ducts or other positions where patterns of air flow could adversely affect performance and positions where impact or physical damage is likely shall be avoided. In general, detectors which are located on the overhead shall be a minimum distance of 0.5 m away from bulkheads.

2.5 The maximum spacing of detectors shall be in accordance with the table below: |----------------------- | Type of | Maximum floor area | Maximum distance apart | Maximum distance away | | detector | per detector | between centres | from bulkheads | |----|------|--------|-------| | 2 | | | Heat | 37 m | 9 m | 4.5 m | |----|------|--------|-------| | 2 | | | Smoke | 74 m | 11 m | 5.5 m | |----------------------- The Administration may require or permit other spacings based upon test data which demonstrate the characteristics of the detectors.

2.6 Electrical wiring which forms part of the system shall be so arranged as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces of category A, and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk except where it is necessary to provide for fire detection or fire alarm in such spaces or to connect to the appropriate power supply.

3 Design requirements 3.1 The system and equipment shall be suitably designed to withstand supply voltage variation and transients, ambient temperature changes, vibration, humidity, shock, impact and corrosion normally encountered in ships.

3.2 Smoke detectors required by paragraph 2.2 shall be certified to operate before the smoke density exceeds 12.5 per cent obscuration per metre, but not until the smoke density exceeds 2 per cent obscuration per metre. Smoke detectors to be installed in other spaces shall operate within sensitivity limits to the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to the avoidance of detector insensitivity or oversensitivity.

3.3 Heat detectors shall be certified to operate before the temperature exceeds 78¡æ but not until the temperature exceeds 54 ¡æ, when the temperature is raised to those limits at a rate less than 1¡æ per minute. At higher rates of temperature rise, the heat detector shall operate within temperature limits to the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to the avoidance of detector insensitivity or oversensitivity.

3.4 At the discretion of the Administration, the permissible temperature of operation of heat detectors may be increased to 30¡æ above the maximum deckhead temperature in drying rooms and similar spaces of a normal high ambient temperature.

Regulation 14 Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems for pe-riodically unattended machinery spaces 1 A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system in accordance with the relevant provisions of Regulation 13 shall be installed in periodically unattended machinery spaces.

2 This fire detection system shall be so designed and the detectors so positioned as to detect rapidly the onset of fire in any part of those spaces an d under any normal conditions of operation of the machinery and variations of ventilation as required by the possible range of ambient temperature. Except in spaces of restricted height and where their use is specially appropriate, detection systems using only thermal detector shall not be permitted. The detection system shall initiate audible and visual alarms distinct in both respects from the alarms of any other system not indicating fire, in sufficient places to ensure that the alarms are heard and observed on the navigating bridge and by a responsible engineer officer. When the navigating bridge is unmanned the alarm shall sound in a place where a responsible member of the crew is on duty.

3 After installation the system shall be tested under varying conditions of engine operation and ventilation.

Regulation 15 Arrangements for oil fuel, lubricating oil and otherflammable oils 1 Limitations in the use of oil as fuel The following limitations shall apply to the use of oil as fuel: .1 Except as otherwise permitted by this paragraph, no oil fuel with a flashpoint of less than 60 ¡æ shall be used.

.2 In emergency generators oil fuel with a flashpoint of not less than 43 ¡æ may be used.

.3 Subject to such additional precautions as it may consider necessary and on condition that the ambient temperature of the space in which such oil fuel is stored or used shall not be allowed to rise to within 10¡æ below the flashpoint of the oil fuel, the Administration may permit the general use of oil fuel having a flashpoint of less than 60¡æ but not less than 43¡æ.

.4 In cargo ships the use of fuel having a lower flashpoint than otherwise specified in this paragraph, for example crude oil, may be permitted provided that such fuel is not stored in any machinery space and subject to the approval by the Administration of the complete installation.

The flashpoint of oils shall be determined by an approved closed cup method.

2 Oil fuel arrangements In a ship in which oil fuel is used, the arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of the oil fuel shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and persons on board and shall at least comply with the following provisions: .1 As far as practicable, parts of the oil fuel system containing heated oil under pressureexceeding 0.18 N/square mm shall not be placed in a concealed position such that defects and leakage cannot readily be observed .The machinery spaces in way of such parts of the oil fuel system shall be adequately illuminated.

.2 The ventilation of machinery spaces shall be sufficient under all normal conditions to prevent accumulation of oil vapour.

.3 As far as practicable, oil fuel tanks shall be part of the ship's structure and shall be located outside machinery spaces of category A. Where oil fuel tanks, other than double bottom tanks, are necessarily located adjacent to or within machinery spaces of category A, at least one of their vertical sides shall be contiguous to the machinery space boundaries, and shall preferably have a common boundary with the double bottom tanks, and the area of the tank boundary common with the machinery spaces shall be kept to a minimum. Where such tanks are situated within the boundaries of machinery spaces of category A they shall not contain oil fuel having a flashpoint of less than 60¡æ. In general the use of free standing oil fuel tanks shall be avoided. When such tanks are employed their use shall be prohibited in category A machinery spaces on passenger ships. Where permitted, they shall be placed in an oil-tight spill tray of ample size having a suitable drain pipe leading to a suitably sized spill oil tank.

.4 No oil fuel tank shall be situated where spillage or leakage therefrom can constitute a hazard by falling on heated surfaces.

Precautions shall be taken to prevent any oil that may escape under pressure from any pump, filter or heater from coming into contact with heated surfaces.

.5 Every oil fuel pipe, which, if damaged, would allow oil to escape from a storage, settling or daily service tank situated above the double bottom shall be fitted with a cock or valve directly on the tank capable of being closed from a safe position outside the space concerned in the event of a fire occurring in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special case of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel or similar space, valves on the tank shall be fitted but control in the event of fire may be effected by means of an additional valve on the pipe or pipes outside the tunnel or similar space. If such additional valve is fitted in the machinery space it shall be operated from a position outside this space.

.6 Safe and efficient means of ascertaining the amount of oil fuel contained in any oil fuel tank shall be provided. Sounding pipes shall not terminate in any space where the risk of ignition of spillage from the sounding pipe might arise. In particular, they shall not terminate in passenger or crew spaces. Other means of ascertaining the amount of oil fuel contained in any oil fuel tank may be permitted: 6.1 in passenger ships, if such means do not require penetration below the top of the tank, and providing their failure or over-filling of the tanks will not permit release of fuel; 6.2 in cargo ships, providing the failure of such means or over-filling of the tanks will not permit release of fuel. The use of cylindrical gauge glasses is prohibited. The Administration may permit the use of oil level gauges with flat glasses and self-closing valves between the gauges and oil tanks.

Such other means shall be acceptable to the Administration and shall be maintained in the proper condition to ensure their continued accurate functioning in service.

.7 Provision shall be made to prevent overpressure in any oil tank or in any part of the oil fuel system, including the filling pipes. Any relief valves and air or overflow pipes shall discharge to a position which, in the opinion of the Administration, is safe.

.8 Oil fuel pipes and their valves and fittings shall be of steel or other approved material, except that restricted use of flexible pipes shall be permissible in positions where the Administration is satisfied that they are necessary. Such flexible pipes and end attachments shall be of approved fire-resisting materials of adequate strength and shall be constructed to the satisfaction of the Administration.

3 Lubricating oil arrangements The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utlization of oil used in pressure lubrication systems shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and persons on board, and such arrangements in machinery spaces of category A and whenever practicable in other machinery spaces shall at least comply with the provisions of paragraphs 2.1, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 and 2.8, except that this does not preclude the use of sight flow glasses in lubricating systems provided that they are shown by test to have a suitable degree of fire resistance.

4 Arrangements for other flammable oils The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of other flammable oils employed under pressure in power transmission systems, control and activating systems and heating systems shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and persons on board. In locations where means of ignition are present, such arrangements shall at least comply with the provisions of paragraphs 2.4 and 2.6, and with the provisions of paragraphs 2.7 and 2. 8 in respect of strength and construction.

5 Periodically unattended machinery spaces In addition to the requirements of paragraphs 1 to 4, the oil fuel and lubricating oil systems shall comply with the following: .1 Where necessary, oil fuel and lubricating oil pipelines shall be screened or otherwise suitably protected to avoid as far as practicable oil spray or oil leakages on to hot surfaces or into machinery air intakes. The number of joints in such piping systems shall be kept to a minimum and, where practicable, leakages from high pressure oil fuel pipes shall be collected and arrangements provided for an alarm to be given.

.2 Where daily service oil fuel tanks are filled automatically, or by remote control, means shall be provided to prevent overflow spillages.

Other equipment which treats flammable liquids automatically, e.g. oil fuel purifiers, which, whenever practicable, shall be installed in a special space reserved for purifiers and their heaters, shall have arrangements to prevent overflow spillages.

.3 Where daily service oil fuel tanks or settling tanks are fitted with heating arrangements, a high temperature alarm shall be provided if the flashpoint of the oil fuel can be exceeded.

Regulation 16 Ventilation systems in ships other than passengerships carrying more than 36 passengers 1 Ventilation ducts shall be of non-combustible material. Short ducts, however, not generally exceeding 2m in length and with a cross-section not exceeding 0.02 square m need not be non-combustible, subject to the following conditions: .1 these ducts shall be of a material which, in the opinion of the Administration, has a low fire risk; .2 they may only be used at the end of the ventilation device; .3 they shall not be situated less than 600 mm, measured along the duct, from an opening in an "A" or "B" class division including continuous "B" class ceilings.

2 Where the ventilation ducts with a free-sectional area exceeding 0.02 square m pass through class "A" bulkheads or decks, the opening shall be lined with a steel sheet sleeve unless the ducts passing through the bulkheads or decks are of steel in the vicinity of passage through the deck or bulkhead and the ducts and sleeves shall comply in this part with the following: .1 The sleeves shall have a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 900 mm. When passing through bulkheads, this length shall be divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulkhead.

These ducts, or sleeves lining such ducts, shall be provided with fire insulation. The insulation shall have at least the same fire integrity as the bulkhead or deck through which the duct passes. Equivalent penetration protection may be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration.

.2 Ducts with as free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.075 square m shall be fitted with fire dampers in addition to the requirements of paragraph 2.1. The fire damper shall operate automatically but shall also be capable of being closed manually from both sides of the bulkhead or deck. The damper shall be provided with an indicator which shows whether the damper is open or closed. Fire dampers are not required, however, where ducts pass through spaces surrounded by "A" class division, without serving those spaces, provided those ducts have the same fire integrity as the divisions which they pierce.

3 Ducts provided for the ventilation of machinery spaces of category A, galleys, car deck spaces, ro/ro cargo spaces or special category spaces shall not pass through accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations unless the ducts are either: .1.1 constructed of steel having a thickness of at least 3 mm and 5 mm for ducts the widths or diameters of which are up to and including 300 mm and 760 mm and over respectively and, in the case of such ducts, the widths or diameters of which are between 300 mm and 760 mm having a thickness to be obtained by interpolation; .1.2 suitably supported and stiffened; .1.3 fitted with automatic fire dampers close to the boundaries penetrated; and .1.4 insulated to "A-60" standard from the machinery spaces, galleys, car deck spaces, ro/ro cargo spaces or special category spaces to a point at least 5 m beyond each fire damper; or .2.1 constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs 3.1.1 and 3.1.2; and .2.2 insulated to "A-60" standard throughout the accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations; except that penetrations of main zone divisions shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph 8.

4 Ducts provided for ventilation to accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall not pass through machinery spaces of category A, galleys, car deck spaces, ro/ro cargo spaces or special category spaces unless either: .1.1 the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of category A, galley, car deck space, ro/ro cargo space or special category space are constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs 3.1.1 and 3.1.2; .1.2 automatic fire dampers are fitted close to the boundaries penetrated; and .1.3 the integrity of the machinery space, galley, car deck space, ro/ro cargo space or special category space boundaries is maintained at the penetrations; or .2.1 the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of category A, galley, car deck space, ro/ro cargo space or special category space are constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs 3.1.1 and 3.1.2; and .2.2 are insulated to "A-60" standard within the machinery space, galley, car deck space, ro/ro cargo space or special category space; except that penetrations of main zone divisions shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph 8.

5 Ventilation ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 square m passing through "B" class bulkheads shall be lined with steel sheet sleeves of 900 mm in length divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulkheads unless the duct is of steel for this length.

6 Such measures as are practicable shall be taken in respect of control stations outside machinery spaces in order to ensure that ventilation, visibility and freedom from smoke are maintained, so that in the event of fire the machinery and equipment contained therein may be supervised and continue to function effectively. Alternative and separate means of air supply shall be provided; air inlets of the two sources of supply shall be so disposed that the risk of both inlets drawing in smoke simultaneously is minimized. At the discretion of the Administration, such requirements need not apply to control stations situated on, and opening on to, an open deck, or where local closing arrangements would be equally effective.

7 Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges shall be constructed of "A" class divisions. Each exhaust duct shall be fitted with: .1 a grease trap readily removable for cleaning; .2 a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct; .3 arrangements, operable from within the galley, for shutting off the exhaust fans; and .4 fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct.

8 Where in a passenger ship it is necessary that a ventilation duct passes through a main vertical zone division, a fail-safe automatic closing fire damper shall be fitted adjacent to the division. The damper shall also be capable of being manually closed from each side of the division. The operating position shall be readily accessible and be marked in red light-reflecting colour. The duct between the division and the damper shall be of steel or other equivalent material and, if necessary, insulated to comply with the requirements of Regulation 18.1.1. The damper shall be fitted on at least one side of the division with a visible indicator showing whether the damper is in the open position.

9 The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems shall be capable of being closed from outside the spaces being ventilated.

10 Power ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces, cargo spaces, control stations and machinery spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily accessible position outside the space being served.

This position should not be readily cut off in the event of a fire in the spaces served. The means provided for stopping the power ventilation of the machinery spaces shall be entirely separate from the means provided for stopping ventilation of other spaces.

Regulation 17 Fireman's outfit 1 A fireman's outfit shall consist of: 1.1 Personal equipment comprising: .1 Protective clothing of material to protect the skin from the heat radiating from the fire and from burns and scalding by steam. The outer surface shall be water-resistant.

.2 Boots and gloves of rubber or other electrically non-conducting material.

.3 A rigid helmet providing effective protection against impact.

.4 An electric safety lamp (hand lantern) of an approved type with a minimum burning period of three hours.

.5 An axe to the satisfaction of the Administration.

1.2 A breathing apparatus of an approved type which may be either: .1 a smoke helmet or smoke mask which shall be provided with a suitable air pump and a length of air hose sufficient to reach from the open deck, well clear of hatch or doorway, to any part of the holds or machinery spaces. If, in order to comply with this sub-paragraph, an air hose exceeding 36 m in length would be necessary, a self-contained breathing apparatus shall be substituted or provided in addition as determined by the Administration; or .2 a self-contained compressed air-operated breathing apparatus, the volume of air contained in the cylinders of which shall be at least 1,200 l, or other self-contained breathing apparatus which shall be capable of functioning for at least 30 minutes. A number of spare charges, suitable for use with the apparatus provided, shall be available on board to the satisfaction of the Administration.

2 For each breathing apparatus a fireproof lifeline of sufficient length and strength shall be provided capable of being attached by means of a snaphook to the harness of the apparatus or to a separate belt in order to prevent the breathing apparatus becoming detached when the lifeline is operated.

3 All ships shall carry at least two fireman's outfits complying with the requirements of paragraph 1.

3.1 In addition, there shall be provided: .1 in passenger ships for every 80 m, or part thereof, of the aggregate of the lengths of all passenger spaces and service spaces on the deck which carries such spaces or, if there is more than one such deck, on the deck which has the largest aggregate of such lengths, two fireman's outfits and two sets of personal equipment, each set comprising the items stipulated in paragraphs 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3; .2 in tankers, two fireman's outfits.

3.2 In passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers for each pair of breathing apparatus there shall be provided one water fog applicator which shall be stored adjacent to such apparatus.

3.3 The Administration may require additional sets of personal equipment and breathing apparatus, having due regard to the size and type of the ship.

4 The fireman's outfits or sets of personal equipment shall be so stored as to be easily accessible and ready for use and, where more than one fireman's outfit or more than one set of personal equipment is carried, they shall be stored in widely separated positions. In passenger ships at least two fireman's outfits and one set of personal equipment shall be available at any one position.

Regulation 18 Miscellaneous items 1.1 Where "A" class divisions are penetrated for the passage of electric cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., or for girders, beams or other structural members, arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance is not impaired, subject to the provisions of Regulation 30.5.

1.2 Where "B" class divisions are penetrated for the passage of electric cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., or for the fitting of ventilation terminals, lighting fixtures and similar devices, arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance is not impaired.

2.1 Pipes penetrating "A" or "B" class divisions shall be of materials approved by the Administration having regard to the temperature such divisions are required to withstand.

2.2 Where the Administration may permit the conveying of oil and combustible liquids through accommodation and service spaces, the pipes conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of a material approved by the Administration having regard to the fire risk.

2.3 Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which are close to the water-line and where the failure of the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.

3 Electric radiators, if used, shall be fixed in position and so constructed as to reduce fire risks to a minimum. No such radiators shall be fitted with an element so exposed that clothing, curtains, or other similar materials can be scorched or set on fire by heat from the element.

4 Cellulose-nitrate based films shall not be used for cinematograph installations.

5 All waste-receptacles shall be constructed of non-combustible materials with no openings in the sides or bottom.

6 In spaces where penetration of oil products is possible, the surface of insulation shall be impervious to oil or oil vapours.

Regulation 19 International shore connexion * [* Reference is made to the recommendation contained in resolution A.470 (XII) adopted by the Organization entitled "International Shore Connexion (shore side)".] 1 Ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least one international shore connexion, complying with provisions of paragraph 3.

2 Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be used on either side of the ship.

3 Standard dimensions of flanges for the international shore connexion shall be in accordance with the following table: |------------------- | Description | Dimension | |--------|----------| | Outside diameter | 178 mm | |--------|----------| | Inside diameter | 64 mm | |--------|----------| | Bolt circle diameter | 132 mm | |--------|----------| | Slots in flange | 4 holes 19 mm in diameter spaced | | equidistantly on a bolt circle | | of the above diameter, slotted | | to the flange periphery | |--------|----------| | Flange thickness | 14.5 mm minimum | |--------|----------| | Bolts and nuts | 4, each of 16 mm diameter, | | 50 mm in length | |------------------- 4 The connexion shall be of steel or other suitable material and shall be designed for 1.0 2 N/mm services. The flange shall have a flat face on one side and on the other shall be permanently attached to a coupling that will fit the ship's hydrant and hose. The connexion 2 shall be kept aboard the ship together with a gasket of any material suitable for 1.0 N/mm services, together with four 16 mm bolts, 50 mm in length and eight washers.

Regulation 20 Fire control plans 1 In all ships general arrangement plans shall be permanently exhibited for the guidance of the ship's officers, showing clearly for each deck the control stations, the various fire sections enclosed by "A" class divisions, the sections enclosed by "B" class divisions together with particulars of the fire detection and fire alarm systems, the sprinkler installation, the fire-extinguishing appliances, means of access to different compartments, decks, etc. and the ventilating system including particulars of the fan control positions, the position of dampers and identification numbers of the ventilating fans serving each section. Alternatively, at the discretion of the Administration, the aforementioned details may be set out in a booklet, a copy of which shall be supplied to each officer, and one copy shall at all times be available on board in an accessible position. Plans and booklets shall be kept up to date, any alterations being recorded thereon as soon as practicable.

Description in such plans and booklets shall be in the national language.

If the language is neither English nor French, a translation into one of those languages shall be included. In addition, instructions concerning the maintenance and operation of all the equipment and installations on board for the fighting and containment of fire shall be kept under one cover, readily available in an accessible position.

2 In all ships a duplicate set of fire control plans or a booklet containing such plans shall be permanently stored in a prominently marked weathertight enclosure outside the deckhouse for the assistance of shoreside fire-fighting personnel.

Regulation 21 Ready availability of fire-extinguishing appliances In all ships, fire-extinguishing appliances shall be kept in good order and available for immediate use at all times during the voyage.

Regulation 22 Acceptance of substitutes 1 This Regulation applies to all ships.

2 Where in this Chapter any special type of appliance, apparatus, extinguishing medium or arrangement is specified in any ship, any other type of appliance etc., may be allowed, provided the Administration is satisfied that it is not less effective.

PART D FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR PASSENGER SHIPS Regulation 23 Structure 1 The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material. For the purpose of applying the definition of steel or other equivalent material as given in Regulation 3.7 the "applicable fore exposure" shall be according to the integrity and insulation standards given in the tables of Regulation 26 and 27. For example where divisions such as decks or sides and ends of deckhouses are permitted to have "B-0" fire integrity, the "applicable fire exposure" shall be half an hour.

2 However, in cases where any part of the structure is of aluminium alloy, the following shall apply: .1 The insulation of aluminium alloy components of "A" or "B" class divisions, except structure which, in the opinion of the Administration, is non-load-bearing, shall be such that the temperature of the structural core does not rise more than 200 ¡æabove the ambient temperature at any time during the applicable fire exposure to the standard fire test.

.2 Special attention shall be given to the insulation of aluminium alloy components of columns, stanchions and other structural members required to support lifeboat and liferaft stowage, launching and embarkation areas, and "A" and "B" class divisions to ensure: .2.1 that for such members supporting lifeboat and liferaft areas and "A" class divisions, the temperature rise limitation specified in paragraph 2.1 shall apply at the end of one hour; and .2.2 that for such members required to support "B" class divisions, the temperature rise limitation specified in paragraph 2.1 shall apply at the end of half an hour.

3 Crowns and casings of machinery spaces of category A shall be of steel construction adequately insulated and openings therein, if any, shall be suitably arranged and protected to prevent the spread of fire.

Regulation 24 Main vertical zones and horizontal zones 1.1 For ships carrying more than 36 passengers, the hull, superstructure and deckhouses shall be subdivided into main vertical zones by "A" class divisions. Steps and recesses shall be kept to a minimum, but where they are necessary they shall also be "A" class divisions. These divisions shall have insulation values in accordance with tables in Regulation 26.

1.2 For ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, the hull, superstructure and deckhouses in way of accommodation and service spaces shall be subdivided into main vertical zones by "A" class division. These divisions shall have insulation values in accordance with tables in Regulation 27.

2 As far as practicable, the bulkheads forming the boundaries of the main vertical zones above the bulkhead deck shall be in line with watertight subdivision bulkheads situated immediately below the bulkhead deck.

3 Such bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or other boundaries.

4 Where a main vertical zone is subdivided by horizontal "A" class divisions into horizontal zones for the purpose of providing an appropriate barrier between sprinklered and non-sprinklered zones of the ship, the divisions shall extend between adjacent main vertical zone bulkheads and to the shell or exterior boundaries of the ship and shall be insulated in accordance with the fire insulation and integrity values given in table 26.3 or in table 27.2.

5.1 On ships designed for special purposes, such as automobile or railroad car ferries, where the provision of main vertical zone bulkheads would defeat the purpose for which the ship is intended, equivalent means for controlling and limiting a fire shall be substituted and specifically approved by the Administration.

5.2 However, in a ship with special category spaces, any such space shall comply with the applicable provisions of Regulation 37 and in so far as such compliance would be inconsistent with compliance with other requirements of this Part, the requirements of Regulation 37 shall prevail.

Regulation 25 Bulkheads within a main vertical zone 1.1 For ships carrying more than 36 passengers all bulkheads which are not required to be "A" class divisions shall be at least "B" class or "C" class divisions as prescribed in the tables in Regulation 26.

1.2 For ships carrying not more than 36 passengers all bulkheads within accommodation and service spaces which are not required to be "A" class divisions shall be at least "B" class or "C" class divisions as prescribed in the tables in Regulation 27.

1.3 All such divisions may be faced with combustible materials in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 34.

2 All corridor bulkheads where not required to be "A" class shall be "B" class divisions which shall extend from deck to deck except: .1 when continuous "B" class ceilings or linings are fitted on both sides of the bulkhead, the portion of the bulkhead behind the continuous ceiling or lining shall be of material which, in thickness and composition, is acceptable in the construction of "B" class divisions but which shall be required to meet "B" class integrity standards only in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of the Administration; .2 in the case of a ship protected by an automatic sprinkler system complying with the provisions of Regulation 12 the corridor bulkheads of "B" class materials may terminate at a ceiling in the corridor provided such a ceiling is of material which, in thickness and composition, is acceptable in the construction of "B" class divisions.

Notwithstanding the requirements of Regulations 26 and 27 such bulkheads and ceilings shall be required to meet "B" class integrity standards only in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of the Administration. All doors and frames in such bulkheads shall be of non-combustible materials and shall be so constructed and erected as to provide substantial fire resistance to the satisfaction of the Administration.

3 All bulkheads required to be "B" class divisions, except corridor bulkheads, shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or other boundaries unless continuous "B" class ceilings or linings are fitted on both sides of the bulkhead, in which case the bulkhead may terminate at the continuous ceiling or lining.

Regulation 26 Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks in ships car-rying more than 36 passengers 1 In addition to complying with the specific provisions for fire integrity of bulkheads and decks mentioned elsewhere in this Part, the minimum fire integrity of all bulkheads and decks shall be as prescribed in tables 26.1 to 26.4. Where, due to any particular structural arrangements in the ship, difficulty is experienced in determining from the tables the minimum fire integrity value of any divisions, such values shall be determined to the satisfaction of the Administration.

2 The following requirements shall govern application of the tables: .1 Table 26.1 shall apply to bulkheads bounding main vertical zones or horizontal zones.

Table 26.2 shall apply to bulkheads not bounding either main vertical zones or horizontal zones.

Table 26.3 shall apply to decks forming steps in main vertical zones or bounding horizontal zones.

Table 26.4 shall apply to decks not forming steps in main vertical zones nor bounding horizontal zones.

.2 for the purpose of determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be applied to boundaries between adjacent spaces, such spaces are classified according to their fire risk as shown in categories (1) to (14) below. Where the contents and use of a space are such that there is a doubt as to its classification for the purpose of this Regulation, it shall be treated as a space within the relevant category having the most stringent boundary requirements. The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than restrictive. The number in parentheses preceding each category refers to the applicable column or row number in the tables.

(1) Control stations Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.

Wheelhouse and chartroom.

Spaces containing the ship's radio equipment.

Fire-extinguishing rooms, fire control and recording stations.

Control room for propulsion machinery when located outside the propulsion machinery space.

Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.

Spaces containing centralized emergency public address system stations and equipment.

(2) Stairways Interior stairways, lifts and escalators (other than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces) for passengers and crew and enclosures thereto.

In this connexion a stairway which is enclosed at only one level shall be regarded as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire door.

(3) Corridors Passenger and crew corridors and lobbies.

(4) Lifeboat and liferaft handling and embarkation stations Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades forming lifeboat and liferaft embarkation and lowering stations.

(5) Open deck spaces Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades clear of lifeboat and liferaft embarkation and lowering stations.

Air space (the space outside superstructures and deckhouses).

(6) Accommodation spaces of minor fire risk Cabins containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk.

Offices and dispensaries containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk.

Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk and having a deck area of less than 50 square m .

(7) Accommodation spaces of moderate fire risk Spaces as in category (6) above but containing furniture and furnishings of other than restricted fire risk.

Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk and having a deck area of 50 square m or more.

Isolated lockers and small store-rooms in accommodation spaces.

Sale shops.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |