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LANDLORD AND TENANT (CONSOLIDATION) ORDINANCE
(2) Any public officer or class of public officer employed in the Rating
and Valuation Department and authorized in writing in that behalf by the
Commissioner may exercise any of the powers and perform any of the duties
conferred or imposed on the Commissioner by this Part.
(Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 12)
44B. Refusal to furnish information and obstruction
(1) Any person who, without reasonable excuse-
(a) refuses or neglects to furnish any of the particulars specified under
section 44A (1) (a);
(b) refuses or neglects to exhibit any document he is required to exhibit
under section 44A (1) (b);
(c) refuses to allow the Commissioner to take copies of any document
exhibited under section 44A (1) (b); or
(d) obstructs or evades the exercise of any power under section 44A (1)
(c), (d) or (e), commits an offence and is liable to a fine of $ 10,000
and to imprisonment for 3 months.
(2) Where the Commissioner is frustrated or obstructed in the exercise of
any power under section 44A (1) (c), (d) or (e), he may apply to the court
for an order authorizing him to enter and inspect the premises concerned
and exercise his powers and requiring the landlord, tenant, sub-tenant,
occupier or person having control of the premises to allow the
Commissioner to enter and inspect those premises and exercise his powers;
and the court shall have jurisdiction to make such order as it thinks fit.
(3) An application under subsection (2) may be made at the conclusion of
any proceedings in respect of an alleged offence under subsection (1)
(whether or not any person is convicted) or independently of any such
proceedings.
(4) In this section, "court" means the District Court, the Tribunal or a
magistrate. (Added 40 of 1984 s. 12)
45. Prohibition of acts done mala fide with intent to induce a lessee to
quit
(1) Any person who shall mala fide do any act whatsoever with intent
to induce the lessee of any premises to give up possession thereof shall
be liable on summary conviction to a fine of $ 2,000.
(2) Upon the hearing of any summons issued under this section it shall be
lawful for a magistrate, in addition to imposing a fine if the defendant
is convicted, to order the defendant to pay to the lessee such sum as may
appear to the magistrate to be sufficient to compensate the lessee for any
costs, damages, loss or inconvenience sustained by him by reason of such
act.
(25 of 1947 s. 33 incorporated. Amended 22 of 1953 s. 23)
46. Collection of rates not to be affected
Nothing in this Part shall be construed so as to prevent a landlord from
collecting from his tenant the rates for the time being payable in respect
of any premises or such apportioned sum as shall properly be attributable
to such premises in respect of rates, provided that the obligation of
paying the rates in respect of such premises was assumed by the tenant
under the terms of the tenancy.
(25 of 1947 s. 37 incorporated)
47. Forms
(1) The forms in the Second Schedule are prescribed for use under this
Part and shall in each case be accompanied by a translation thereof in the
Chinese language. (Added 22 of 1953 s. 33)
(2) Subject to subsection (1), the Commissioner may-
(a) specify any form to be used under this Part;
(b) publish any such form in the Gazette; and
(c) in his discretion accept any notice or application served on him which
is not in the specified form. (Added 93 of 1975 s. 10)
48. (Repealed 93 of 1975 s. 11)
PART II TENURE AND RENT OF DOMESTIC PREMISES
Interpretation and Application
49. Interpretation
In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires-
"Building Authority" means the Building Authority under the Buildings
Ordinance (Cap. 123);
"Commissioner" means the Commissioner of Rating and Valuation;
"court" means the District Court;
"current rent" means, except in section 51B, the rent, exclusive of rates,
payable by a tenant at the date of an application under section 57;
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 13)
"forfeiture" means forfeiture-
(a) for breach of any provision of a tenancy or sub-tenancy; or
(b) under a provision of a tenancy or sub-tenancy allowing forfeiture or
determination following the destruction, or partial destruction, of or
damage to the premises; (Added 40 of 1984 s. 13)
"landlord" includes any person, other than the Crown, who is from time to
time entitled to receive rent in respect of any premises and, in relation
to a particular tenant, means a person entitled to receive rent from such
tenant;
"prevailing market rent" means, except in section 51B, the rent, exclusive
of rates, at which premises the subject matter of a tenancy to which this
Part applies might reasonably be expected to be let, at the date upon
which the Commissioner issues his certificate under section 58, on the
terms of the tenancy (other than those relating to rent and duration of
the tenancy) but disregarding the effect of this Part; (Amended 29 of 1983
ss 10 & 46; 40 of 1984 s. 13)
"principal tenant" means a tenant of premises, other than a Crown lessee,
who has sublet the whole or any part or parts thereof as a separate
holding or holdings;
"repealed Part II" means Part II of the Ordinance
repealed by section 2 of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation)
(Amendment) (No. 2) Ordinance 1973 (78 of 1973); "tenancy" includes an
agreement for a tenancy;
"tenant" or "sub-tenant" does not include a Crown lessee but includes-
(a) a person who, on 18 December 1979, is in possession of premises the
subject matter of a tenancy or sub-tenancy to which this Part, whether by
virtue of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance
1980 (6 of 1980) or otherwise, applies; (Amended 6 of 1980 s. 2)
(b) (Repealed 6 of 1980 s. 2)
(c) a person who retains possession of any premises by virtue of this
Part; (Amended 93 of 1975 s. 12)
(d) a public body, corporation, foreign or Commonwealth Government,
partnership or firm, which is the tenant or sub-tenant of premises the
subject matter of a tenancy or sub-tenancy to which this Part applies;
(Added 6 of 1980 s. 2)
"tenement" means any building, structure, or part thereof, which is held
or occupied as a distinct or separate tenancy or holding or under any
licence; (Added 93 of 1975 s. 12)
"Tribunal" means the Lands Tribunal
established under the Lands Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 17). (Replaced 76 of
1981 s. 31)
50. Application
(1) Subject to subsection (6), this Part applies to every domestic tenancy
and domestic sub-tenancy of post-war premises, whether the same was
effected orally or in writing and notwithstanding any provision in such
tenancy or sub-tenancy, including any provision purporting generally or
specifically to exclude this Part. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 11)
(2) For the purposes of this section, "post-war premises" means premises
to which art I does not apply by virtue of section 3 (1) (a). (Replaced 29
of 1983 s. 11)
(3) The burden of proving that premises in a building are not post-war
premises shall lie on the person so asserting; and a copy of a written
permit of the Building Authority to occupy a building shall be prima facie
evidence that premises in that building are not post-war if the permit
purports to have been issued prior to 17 August 1945. (Amended 29 of 1983
s. 11)
(4) (a) The benefits and protection afforded by this Part shall, in any
tenancy or sub-tenancy to which it applies, be available to the widow,
widower, mother, father or any daughter or son over the age of 18 years of
the tenant or sub-tenant, as the case may be, where she or he was residing
with the tenant or sub-tenant at the time of his or her death, and for the
purposes of this Part references to tenant or sub-tenant shall, except in
this subsection, be deemed to include a reference to such widow, widower,
mother, father, daughter or son. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 11; 40 of 1984 s.
14)
(b) Only one person mentioned in paragraph (a) shall be entitled to
the benefits and protection of this Part at one time and, in default of
agreement by those persons, the Tribunal shall nominate that person on
such grounds as appears to it to be just and equitable. (Added 29 of 1983
s. 11)
(c) The benefits and protection afforded by this Part shall not be
available to a personal representative of a deceased tenant or sub-tenant
or, notwithstanding any will or the law of succession on intestacy, any
other person who is not a person mentioned in paragraph (a) as entitled to
those benefits or that protection. (Added 40 of 1984 s. 14)
(5) (Repealed 6 of 1980 s. 3)
(6) This Part shall not apply to the following-
(a) a tenancy or sub-tenancy-
(i) of premises to which Part I applies; or
(ii) of premises in respect of which there is in existence an order under
section 4; (Replaced 24 of 1980 s. 2. Amended 29 of 1983 s. 11)
(b) a tenancy or sub-tenancy of land unbuilt on;
(c) a tenancy or sub-tenancy of agricultural land, which expression shall
have the meaning assigned to it by section 36 of the Rating Ordinance
(Cap. 116), including such a tenancy or sub-tenancy where there is on the
land a dwelling house occupied by persons working the land;
(d) a tenancy or sub-tenancy where the landlord or principal tenant is the
employer and the tenant or sub-tenant is the employee in possession of the
premises in accordance with the terms and conditions of his employment,
being terms and conditions which require him to vacate the accommodation
on ceasing to be so employed;
(e) a tenancy held from the Crown, the Hong Kong Housing Authority, the
Hong Kong Housing Society, the Hong Kong Model Housing Society or the Hong
Kong Settlers Housing Corporation Limited, or a sub-tenancy created out of
such a tenancy; (Amended 52 of 1981 s. 2)
(f)-(g) (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 32)
(h) (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 11)
(i)-(k) (Repealed 6 of 1980 s. 3)
(1) a tenancy or sub-tenancy of any premises in a building in respect of
which an appropriate certificate was first issued or which premises were
completed or substantially rebuilt on or after 19 June 1981; and, for the
purposes of this paragraph, "appropriate certificate" means-
(i) an occupation permit, including a temporary occupation permit, issued
by the Building Authority under section 21 (2) of the Buildings Ordinance
(Cap. 123); or
(ii) where section 21 of the Buildings Ordinance does not
apply to the premises by virtue of the Buildings Ordinance (Application to
the New Territories) Ordinance (Cap. 322, 1964 Ed.) or the Buildings
Ordinance (Application to the New Territories) Ordinance (Cap. 121), a
certificate issued by the Director of Buildings and Lands, or any person
authorized by him, certifying that the premises are complete; or (Amended
L. N. 370 of 1981; L. N. 76 of 1982; L. N. 94 of 1986; 60 of 1987 s. 14)
(iii) where section 21 of the Buildings Ordinance does not apply to the
premises by virtue of section 18 of the Housing Ordinance (Cap. 283), a
certificate issued by the Director of Housing, or any person authorized by
him, certifying that the premises are complete; (Added 52 of 1981 s. 2.
Amended 29 of 1983 s. 11)
(m) a tenancy or sub-tenancy of premises the rateable value of which is
not less than $ 30,000 or such other sum as the Legislative Council by
resolution determines; (Replaced 52 of 1981 s. 3. Amended 29 of 1983 s.
11; 40 of 1984 s. 14; 32 of 1985 s. 8)
(n) a tenancy or sub-tenancy in
writing created after 18 December 1981 for a fixed term of 5 years or
longer which contains no provision-
(i) for earlier determination by the landlord otherwise than by
forfeiture; and
(ii) for any premium or fine or for any increase in the
rent during the fixed term; (Added 76 of 1981 s. 32)
(o) a tenancy or sub-tenancy created on or after 10 June 1983 of premises
of which, or of part of which, the tenant or sub-tenant under that tenancy
or sub-tenancy is not already in possession under another tenancy or sub-
tenancy. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 11)
(7)-(8) (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 11)
(9) The Governor may by order exclude from the further application of this
Part any class of tenancy or sub-tenancy, any class of premises or any
particular tenancy or sub-tenancy or premises.
(10) Subject to subsection (12), for the purposes of this section, the
rateable value of any premises shall be-
(a) in the case of premises being a tenement included in the valuation
list declared in March 1977 under section 13 of the Rating Ordinance (Cap.
116) as amended or altered from time to time up to and including 10 June
1983, the rateable value contained in that list on 10 June 1983; and
(b) in any other case, the rateable value which would have been contained
in the list referred to in paragraph (a) on 10 June 1983 had the premises
been included in that list and which is certified by the Commissioner as
regards the premises for the purposes of this section and that certificate
shall be final and binding. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 11. Amended 77 of
1988 s. 3)
(11) The dates mentioned in subsection (10) may be amended by resolution
of the Legislative Council. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 11. Amended 77 of 1988 s.
3)
(12) Any tenancy or sub-tenancy of premises excluded from this Part at any
time by virtue of the operation of subsection (6) (m) shall continue to be
so excluded notwithstanding any amendment of subsection (10). (Added 29 of
1983 s. 11. Amended 77 of 1988 s. 3)
50A. Block lettings
(1) For the purposes of this Part, where a tenancy is of premises
consisting of 2 or more dwellings, which dwellings have an aggregated
rateable value of not less than the sum mentioned in paragraph (m) of
section 50 (6), that paragraph shall not have the effect of excluding from
the application of this Part a dwelling in those premises the rateable
value of which is less than that sum; and unless otherwise excluded, this
Part shall apply to such a dwelling in accordance with subsection (2).
(2) Where' by virtue of subsection (1), this Part applies to a dwelling,
that dwelling-
(a) shall be deemed to be premises subject to a separate
tenancy to which this Part applies and, if it is subject to a sub-tenancy,
that sub-tenancy shall be deemed to have been created out of that separate
tenancy; and
(b) shall have, for the purposes of sections 55 to 66, a rent, as
determined under section 50B, payable and recoverable in respect of it.
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 15) (Added 52 of 1981 s. 4)
50B. Continuation of tenancies in block lettings
(1) Where-
(a) by virtue of section 50A (2), a dwelling is deemed to be subject to a
separate tenancy; and
(b) that separate tenancy continues in existence by virtue of section 52,
the rent and other terms of the tenancy of that dwelling during that
continuation shall be consistent with this Part and-
(i) shall be as agreed by the parties; or
(ii) failing agreement-
(a) the rent shall be as determined by the Commissioner in accordance with
subsection (2); and
(b) the other terms shall be as determined by the Tribunal in accordance
with subsection (3).
(2) (a) The rent of a tenancy for the purposes of subsection (1) (ii) (A)
shall be such part of the whole rent payable for the premises mentioned in
section 50A (1) as is apportioned to that tenancy by the Commissioner who
shall have regard to the relative size and other features of the dwellings
in those premises.
(b) The Commissioner shall notify the parties in writing of the rent so
apportioned and the apportionment shall be final and binding.
(c) (Repealed 40 of 1984 s. 16)
(3) In determining the other terms of the tenancy under subsection (1)
(ii) (B), the Tribunal shall have regard to-
(a) the terms of the tenancy of which the dwelling forms part;
(b) the terms ordinarily applicable to a tenancy of a dwelling in premises
consisting of 2 or more dwellings; and
(c) such other considerations as appear to be equitable,
and the determination shall be final and binding.
(Added 52 of 1981 s. 4. Amended 76 of 1981 s. 33)
50C. Interpretation
(1) For the purposes of sections 50A, 50B and this section-
(a) section 50 (10) shall apply to a dwelling as it applies to premises;
(b) "tenancy" includes a sub-tenancy;
(c) "dwelling" means a building, or part of a building, which is designed
and constructed for the purpose of separate occupation as a dwelling,
whether or not it is subject to a separate tenancy.
(2) For the purposes of this Part, the date of the tenancy of a dwelling
shall be the date on which the parties entered into the tenancy of the
premises which included that dwelling.
(Added 52 of 1981 s. 4)
51. Meaning of "domestic tenancy"
(1) For the purposes of section 50, "domestic tenancy" and "domestic sub-
tenancy" mean a tenancy or sub-tenancy of premises let as an dwelling.
(2) Notwithstanding the purpose for which premises were let, in
determining the nature of a tenancy for the purposes of this Part, the
following provisions shall apply-
(a) in any agreement in writing between a
landlord and tenant, or between a principal tenant and sub-tenant, a term
that the premises shall be used for a specified purpose shall be prima
facie evidence that the premises are being used for such purpose;
(b) notwithstanding any evidence as to whether premises were originally
let as a dwelling or not let as a dwelling, premises which are being used
primarily for another purpose shall be deemed to have been let for such
other purpose:
Provided that where such primary user is user as a dwelling and in breach
of any term in the agreement with the landlord or principal tenant, as the
case may be, then the tenant or sub-tenant shall be required to establish
that such user has been agreed to by the landlord or principal tenant,
expressly or by implication, or acquiesced in by him;
(c) subject to paragraph (d), where there exists insufficient evidence as
to whether premises were let as a dwelling or not let as a dwelling, the
nature of the tenancy or sub-tenancy shall be determined by the primary
user of the premises;
(d) where there is evidence that premises were let otherwise than as a
dwelling, or that they were being used otherwise than as a dwelling at the
commencement of a sub-tenancy created out of the original tenancy, any
premises the subject of such sub-tenancy shall themselves be deemed to be
used otherwise than as a dwelling until the sub-tenant satisfies the
Tribunal to the contrary; (Amended 76 of 1981 s. 34)
(e) the use of premises as a boarding or lodging house is a use other than
as a dwelling.
(3) In determining whether premises were let, or are being used, as a
dwelling, the following may be taken into account-
(a) the covenants, terms and conditions in any Crown lease, tenancy or
sub-tenancy;
(b) any occupation permit given by the Building Authority
under section 21 of the Buildings Ordinance (Cap. 123), or under any
Ordinance replaced thereby, in relation to the premises;
(c) normal additional uses of premises consistent with the domestic nature
of a tenancy or sub-tenancy having regard to the following-
(i) floor area in occupation part or full-time for such uses;
(ii) the number of people engaged in such uses but not dwelling on the
premises;
(iii) the furnishings, fittings and contents of the premises;
and
(iv) the gross profits resulting from such uses relative to the rent or
proportion thereof paid by the person making such profits.
(4) Where a dispute arises as to whether a tenancy or sub-tenancy is
domestic, the landlord, tenant, principal tenant or sub-tenant may, if
primary user is relevant to the dispute apply in the specified form to the
Commissioner for his certificate as to the primary user of the premises
and shall specify in the form the nature of the dispute.
(4A) Whether or
not a dispute arises as to whether a tenancy or sub-tenancy is domestic, a
landlord, tenant, principal tenant or sub-tenant may apply in the
specified form to the Commissioner for his certificate as to the primary
user of the premises. (Added 56 of 1976 s. 3)
(4B) Where a person applies to the Commissioner under subsection (4A) he
shall-
(a) specify in the application form a day, other than a public
holiday, on which he would like the inspection to be carried out;
(b) at the time when he lodges the application, pay such fee as may be
determined by the Financial Secretary; and
(c) lodge the application form with the Commissioner not less than 10 days
before the day specified in the form. (Added 56 of 1976 s. 3)
(4C) (Repealed 32 of 1985 s. 9)
(4D) The Commissioner shall, where practicable, carry out the inspection
under subsection (5) on the day specified in the application or, if the
inspection cannot be carried out on that day, as soon thereafter as is
reasonably possible. (Added 56 of 1976 s. 3)
(5) Subject to subsection (5A), where an application under subsection (4)
or (4A) is made to the Commissioner, he shall inspect the premises, and
may-
(a) where he is satisfied on the evidence available as to the primary
user, issue free of charge in the case of an application under subsection
(4) and serve on the landlord and tenant or principal tenant and sub-
tenant, as the case may be, a certificate in the specified form as to the
primary user of the premises on the day of his inspection;
(b) where he is
not so satisfied, issue free of charge in the case of an application under
subsection (4) and serve on the landlord and tenant or principal tenant
and sub-tenant, as the case may be, a notice in the specified form
declining to express an opinion as to the primary user of the premises.
(Amended 56 of 1976 s. 3; 29 of 1983 s. 12)
(5A) Where the Commissioner issues a certificate under subsection (5) (a),
no further application may be made under subsection (4) or (4A) before the
expiry of 1 year from the date on which that certificate is issued. (Added
29 of 1983 s. 12)
(6) A certificate issued by the Commissioner under subsection (5) (a)
shall, for all purposes, including an application under subsection (8), be
prima facie evidence of the facts set out therein and of the primary user
of the premises on the day on which they were inspected. (Amended 76 of
1981 s. 34)
(7) (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 12)
(8) A party to any tenancy or sub-tenancy may apply to the Tribunal to
determine whether or not a tenancy or sub-tenancy is domestic and the
Tribunal may determine that question for the purposes of this Part.
(Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 12)
51A. Transfer of tenancy to Part IV on joint application
(1) A landlord and tenant, or principal tenant and sub-tenant, of premises
to which this Part applies may apply jointly to the Commissioner in the
specified form in triplicate for the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, to be
excluded from the application of this Part.
(2) An application under
subsection (1) may be made during the contractual period of the tenancy,
or sub-tenancy, or during its continuation under section 52 (1) and shall
be lodged with the Commissioner within 28 days of its execution.
(3) The Commissioner shall-
(a) if he is satisfied that the tenant, or sub-tenant, understands the
effect of the exclusion of the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, from this Part and
has not been subject to any undue pressure or influence, endorse his
approval on copies of the application and serve a copy on each of the
applicants; or
(b) if he is not so satisfied, serve a notice to that effect on each of
the applicants.
(4) Where an application is endorsed under subsection (3)
(a), the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, to which the application relates shall
be excluded from the application of this Part and Part IV shall apply to
it with effect from a future date specified in the application by the
applications or, if no such date is specified, from the date of that
endorsement.
(5) Where an application is endorsed under subsection (3) (a), that
application shall constitute-
(a) a discontinuance by an applicant of any proceedings under section 53
for possession of the premises to which that application relates; and
(b) a waiver by an applicant to any right to increase the rent under this
Part in relation to the premises to which that application relates.
(6) The applicants may in the specified form specify the terms of the
tenancy, or sub-tenancy, to which Part IV shall apply and the lodging of
the application under this section shall be sufficient compliance with
section 119L.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 17)
51B. Transfer of tenancy to Part IV on unilateral application
(1) A landlord or tenant, or principal tenant or sub-tenant, of premises
to which this Part applies may apply to the Commissioner in the specified
form in duplicate for the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, to be excluded from the
application of this Part.
(2) An application under subsection (1) may be
made-
(a) during the contractual period of the tenancy, or sub-tenancy (but not
earlier than 12 months before the expiry of that period); or
(b) during its continuation under section 52 (1).
(3) An application under subsection (1) in relation to tenancy, or sub-
tenancy, continuing under section 52 (1) shall not be made-
(a) within 12 months after the date on which an increase in rent (other
than on account of improvements or an increase in rates) becomes
effective; or
(b) within 12 months after the date of service of a notice under
subsection (5) (b) following an earlier application under this section.
(4) Upon receipt of an application under subsection (1), the Commissioner
shall serve a copy thereof on the other party and within 14 days of that
service that party may make representations to the Commissioner.
(5) The Commissioner shall consider any representations, determine any
facts in dispute and shall-
(a) if he is satisfied that the current rent for the premises is not less
than 77% of the prevailing market rent, issue a certificate approving the
application and serve 1 copy on the landlord, or principal tenant, and 1
copy on the tenant, or sub-tenant; or
(b) if he is not so satisfied, issue
and serve a notice to that effect on the landlord, or principal tenant,
and on the tenant, or sub-tenant.
(6) Where the Commissioner approves the application under subsection (5),
he shall state in his certificate a date upon which the tenancy, or
sub-tenancy, shall be excluded from this Part; and, on that date, the
tenancy shall, subject to subsection (8), be excluded from the application
of this Part and Part IV shall apply to it.
(7) The date mentioned in subsection (6) shall be-
(a) in a case where the application is made during the contractual period
of the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, the date on which the Commissioner issues
his certificate under subsection (5) (a):
Provided that the Commissioner shall not issue that certificate earlier
than 7 months before the expiry of the contractual period; or
(b) in a case where the application is made during the continuation of the
tenancy, or sub-tenancy, under section 52 (1) and-
(i) the current rent is not less than the prevailing market rent; or
(ii) the rent has not been increased (other than on account of
improvements or an increase in rates) during that continuation,
the date on which the Commissioner issues his certificate under subsection
(5) (a); or (c) in a case where-
(i) the application is made during the continuation of the tenancy, or
sub-tenancy, under section 52 (1); and
(ii) the current rent is less than the prevailing market rent; and
(iii) the rent has been increased (other than on account of improvements
or an increase in rates) during that continuation,
a date not more than 18 and not less than 17 months after the date on
which that increase became effective or, if there is more than 1 such
increase, the date on which the last such increase became effective:
Provided that, where a period of 18 months has elapsed since the date on
which that increase or that last increase became effective, the date
mentioned in subsection (6) shall be the date on which the Commissioner
issues his certificate under subsection (5) (a).
(8) A certificate issued under subsection (5) (a) shall not affect-
(a) any proceedings under section 53 commenced before the date of the
issue of that certificate; or
(b) any right to increase the rent under this Part following a proper
notice served under section 55, 55A, 56, 63 or 63A or a certificate issued
by the Commissioner under section 56A or 58 before that date.
(9) In this section-
"current rent" means the rent, exclusive of rates, payable by the tenant,
or sub-tenant at the date of the application under subsection (1); and
"prevailing market rent" means the rent, exclusive of rates, at which the
premises might reasonably be expected to be let on a term of 2 years at
the date upon which the Commissioner issues his certificate or notice
under subsection (5), on the terms of the tenancy, or sub-tenancy (other
than those relating to rent and duration of the tenancy or sub-tenancy)
but disregarding the effect of this Part.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 17)
51C. Review of decisions under sections 51A and 51B
(1) Where the Commissioner-
(a) serves a notice under section 51A (3) (b); or
(b) serves a copy of his certificate under section 51B (5) (a); or
(c) serves a notice under section 51B (5) (b),
a party to the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, which is the subject of the
application under those sections and who is aggrieved may, within 14 days
of that service, apply to the Commissioner by notice in duplicate in the
specified form for a review of his decision.
(2) On receipt of an
application under subsection (1) and of such fee as may be determined by
the Financial Secretary, the Commissioner shall review his decision and,
after giving the parties the opportunity of making written submissions, he
may affirm the decision or cancel it and decide the matter afresh, and
shall serve a notice of his decision on the parties. (Amended 32 of 1985
s. 10; 77 of 1988 s. 4)
(3) (Repealed 32 of 1985 s. 10)
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 17)
51D. Appeal
A party to the tenancy, or sub-tenancy, which is the subject of the
application under section 51A or 51B and who is aggrieved by a decision of
the Commissioner under section 51C may, within 1 month of the service of
the notice of the decision, appeal to the Tribunal which may make such
order thereon as it thinks fit.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 17. Amended 77 of 1988 s. 5)
Continuation and Termination of Tenancies
52. Continuation of tenancies
(1) Where the contractual period of a tenancy or sub-tenancy, whether
created before, on or after 19 December 1981, is terminated by effluxion
of time or by the landlord or principal tenant, otherwise than by
forfeiture, the tenancy or sub-tenancy shall not, subject to subsection
(2), sections 52A and 53, come to an end during the continuance in force
of this Part. (Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 35. Amended 29 of 1983 s. 13) (1A)
During the continuation of the tenancy or sub-tenancy under subsection
(1), the contractual tenancy or sub-tenancy shall continue except to the
extent that the terms and conditions thereof are varied under, or are
inconsistent with, this Part. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 13)
(1B) During the continuation of the tenancy or sub-tenancy under
subsection (1), the landlord or principal tenant shall have no right to
forfeiture, re-entry or to obtain possession of the premises except as
provided by section 53. (Added 76 of 1981 s. 35)
(1C) A tenancy or sub-
tenancy which, immediately before 19 December 1981, was continuing under
this Part shall be a tenancy or sub-tenancy continuing under subsection
(1). (Added 76 of 1981 s. 35)
(1D) A tenancy or sub-tenancy shall not continue under subsection (1)
where the tenant or subtenant delivers up vacant possession on termination
of the contractual period of the tenancy or sub-tenancy. (Added 76 of 1981
s. 35)
(2) Subject to section 50 (4), a tenancy or sub-tenancy shall not by
virtue of this part continue in existence after any change in the identity
of the tenant, principal tenant or sub-tenant which would terminate such
tenancy or sub-tenancy in law.
(3) In every tenancy and sub-tenancy there shall, in the absence of any
express covenant or condition, be implied a covenant to pay rent on the
due date and a condition for forfeiture for non-payment within 15 days of
such date.
(4) Notwithstanding the expiration of this Part under section 74B, this
section and section 53 shall continue to apply to any tenancy or sub-
tenancy-
(a) for a period of 2 years from the date on which any increase under this
Part of the rent payable under the tenancy or sub-tenancy, other than an
increase under section 55A or 56, became effective; or (Amended 56 of 1976
s. 4)
(b) until the expiry of a period of 2 years from the creation of the
tenancy or sub-tenancy if the same was created not more than 2 years
before the expiration of this Part.
52A. Surrender by tenant
(1) Subject to subsection (2), a tenant or subtenant may agree to
surrender a tenancy or sub-tenancy continuing under section 52 (1).
(2) An agreement mentioned in subsection (1) shall have no effect unless
it is-
(a) in the specified form;
(b) lodged with the Commissioner within 28 days of execution, with such
fee as may be determined by the Financial Secretary; and (Amended 40 of
1984 s. 18; 32 of 1985 s. 11)
(c) endorsed by the Commissioner under
subsection (3).
(3) The Commissioner-
(a) shall satisfy himself that the tenant or subtenant-
(i) in entering into an agreement under subsection (1) understands the
effect of that agreement; and
(ii) has not been subject to any undue pressure or influence;
(b) may make such inquiries as he thinks fit for the purposes of paragraph
(a); and
(c) shall, if satisfied as to the matters mentioned in paragraph
(a), endorse upon the agreement a certificate to the effect that he has
approved it under this section. (Amended 32 of 1985 s. 11)
(4) The Commissioner shall not be obliged to be satisfied as to the
reasonableness of any consideration payable under an agreement mentioned
in this section. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 14)
53. Termination of tenancies
(1) A tenancy or sub-tenancy continuing under section 52 (1) shall come to
an end when-
(a) the tenant or sub-tenant delivers up vacant possession of the
premises;
(aa) with effect after 18 December 1981, the tenant or sub-
tenant of the premises enters into a tenancy or sub-tenancy mentioned in
paragraph (n) of section 50 (6) of the same premises; (Added 29 of 1983 s.
15)
(b) an order of the Tribunal under subsection (2), (4A) or (4B) takes
effect; or (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(c) the tenancy out of which the sub-tenancy was created is itself
terminated: Provided that upon such termination this Part shall apply to
any tenancy arising under subsection (6A). (Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(1A) Where a tenant or sub-tenant fails to give at least 1 month's notice
of his intention to deliver up vacant possession under paragraph (a) of
sub-section (1), the landlord or principal tenant shall be entitled to 1
month's rent in place of such notice. (Added 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(2) The Tribunal shall not make an order for possession of premises in
respect of which there is a tenancy or sub-tenancy continuing under
section 52 (1) unless it is satisfied that- (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(a) any rent lawfully due from the tenant or sub-tenant has not been paid
or, where any covenant or condition of the tenancy or sub-tenancy has been
broken or not performed, such breach or non-performance would, but for
this Part, have been a cause of forfeiture;
(b) the premises or any part
thereof are reasonably required by the landlord or principal tenant for
occupation as a residence for himself, his father, his mother or any son
or daughter of his over the age of 18: (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 15) Provided
that the Tribunal shall not make an order by reason only that the
circumstances of the case fall within this paragraph if-
(i) in the case of a tenancy, the tenant satisfies the Tribunal that in
all the circumstances of the case it would manifestly not be just and
equitable to do so;
(ii) in the case of a sub-tenancy, the Tribunal is
satisfied having regard to all the circumstances of the case, including
the question whether other accommodation is available for the principal
tenant or the sub-tenant, greater hardship would be caused by granting the
order than by refusing it; (Replaced 6 of 1980 s. 5)
(c) the landlord or principal tenant intends to rebuild the premises;
(d) the tenant or the sub-tenant has caused unnecessary annoyance,
inconvenience or disturbance to the landlord or the principal tenant or to
any other person: (Amended 39 of 1979 s. 14)
Provided that no order shall be made under this paragraph unless the
Tribunal is satisfied that the annoyance, inconvenience or disturbance had
continued after a warning in writing had been served by the landlord or
principal tenant on the tenant or sub-tenant causing the same; (Amended 93
of 1975 s. 14)
(e) the tenant-
(i) in the case of a tenancy to which this Part applied immediately prior
to 18 December 1979, has at any time after 14 December 1973; and
(ii) in any other case, has at any time after 18 December 1979, in breach
of the contractual tenancy sublet the whole or any part of the premises of
which he is the tenant; (Replaced 6 of 1980 s. 5)
(f) the tenant or sub-tenant has used, or has suffered or permitted the
use of, the premises of which he is the tenant or sub-tenant or any part
thereof, for an immoral or illegal purpose; (Added 6 of 1980 s. 5)
(g) the tenant or the sub-tenant has entered into an endorsed agreement
mentioned in section 52A and has failed to deliver up vacant possession
under that agreement; or (Added 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(h) the tenant has sublet the whole or any part of the premises of which
he is tenant and does not occupy any part of the premises as his dwelling.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(2A) (a) For the purposes of subsection (2) (b)-
"landlord or principal tenant" includes one or more landlords or principal
tenants, holding the premises jointly or in common, with the other
landlord or landlords or principal tenant or tenants so holding assenting
to an order for possession; and "his father, his mother or any son or
daughter of his" includes the father, mother, son or daughter of one or
more landlords or principal tenants, holding the premises jointly or in
common, with the other landlord or landlords or principal tenant or
tenants so holding assenting to an order for possession. (Added 29 of 1983
s. 15)
(b) For the purpose of subsection (2) (d), a tenant or sub-tenant
who persistently fails to pay rent as and when it falls due may be
regarded as causing unnecessary inconvenience to the landlord or principal
tenant, as the case may be. (Added 39 of 1979 s. 14)
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2) (e) or (2) (h), where a landlord
establishes a prima facie case that there has been an apparent change in
the occupancy of the premises or of any part thereof, the tenant shall be
deemed to have sublet such premises or such part unless he satisfies the
Tribunal to the contrary. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 15) (4) (a) An order for
possession under subsection (2) shall take effect on such date as the
Tribunal may order:
Provided that-
(i) in a case where a person acquires a right which, but for section 52
and this section, would entitle him to occupy premises which are subject
to a tenancy or sub-tenancy and the Tribunal makes an order for possession
on the grounds mentioned in subsection (2) (b) before the expiry of a
period of 12 months from the date of the acquisition, the Tribunal shall
not make the order to take effect either earlier than 12 months or later
than 18 months from the date of the acquisition; and
(ii) in any other case, the Tribunal shall not make an order for
possession to take effect later than 6 months from the date of the order.
(b) Subparagraph (i) of paragraph (a) shall not have effect in relation to
a case where a person entered into an enforceable contract to acquire the
right mentioned in that paragraph before 19 June 1981; and in that case
subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (a) shall apply.
(c) When making an order for possession under subsection (2), the Tribunal
may also order the payment of rent or mesne profits. (Replaced 52 of 1981
s. 5)
(d) When making an order for possession under subsection (2) (b),
the Tribunal shall specify the name of the person for whose occupation it
is satisfied the premises are required. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(4A) Subject to subsection (2) (b), where an application for an order for
possession is made on the ground mentioned in that subsection and the
Tribunal is satisfied that only part of the premises is reasonably
required, the Tribunal shall-
(a) in a case where any tenant or sub-tenant is willing to remain in
possession of the remainder of the premises in terms of an order made
under subparagraph (ii)-
(i) make an order for possession of such part of
the premises as the Tribunal thinks fit having regard to those reasonable
requirements and all the circumstances of the case; and
(ii) make such orders under subsection (4B) in relation to the remainder
of the premises as it thinks fit; or
(b) in any other case, make an order for possession of the whole of the
premises. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(4B) Notwithstanding subsections (5), (6) and (6A), where the Tribunal
makes an order for possession under subsection (4A) in relation to only
part of the premises, it may, in relation to the remainder of the
premises-
(a) apportion that remainder for occupation by the tenant and any sub-
tenant, by the tenant alone or by any sub-tenant alone as may be just and
equitable;
(b) having regard to the terms and conditions of the existing tenancy or
sub-tenancy and subsection (6B) (b), fix the terms and conditions of the
tenancy or sub-tenancy under which the remainder apportioned under
paragraph (a) shall be occupied. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(5) Where a tenant has, in breach of the contractual tenancy, sublet the
whole or any part of the premises, an order for possession of the premises
under subsection (2) against the tenant shall also operate as an order for
possession against the sub-tenant whether or not that sub-tenant is a
party to the proceedings in which that order is granted. (Replaced 76 of
1981 s. 36. Amended 40 of 1984 s. 19)
(6) Where a tenant has, without breach of the contractual tenancy, sublet
the whole or any part of the premises, the Tribunal shall not make any
order for possession under subsection (2) against the subtenant unless-
(a) the Tribunal makes the order on the ground mentioned in paragraph (b)
or
(c) of subsection (2); or
(b) the Tribunal is satisfied that, if the application had been by the
tenant for an order for possession against the sub-tenant, the tenant
would have been entitled to such an order. (Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(6A) Where the Tribunal makes an order for possession against the tenant
but does not make an order for possession against a sub-tenant to whom the
premises or any part has been sublet, the subtenant shall become the
tenant of the landlord on the same terms, subject to this Part, as the
sub-tenant held from the principal tenant: Provided that, where a part
only of the premises would remain in the possession of a sub-tenant or
sub-tenants if an order were made under this sub-section, the Tribunal, on
the application of the landlord, shall, either, order the sub-tenant or
the sub-tenants jointly to accept a tenancy of the whole premises on the
same terms, subject to this Part, as the principal tenant held from the
landlord or make an order for possession of the whole premises. (Added 76
of 1981 s. 36)
(6B) (a) Any tenancy or sub-tenancy arising under subsections (4A) and
(4B) or subsection (6A) shall be a tenancy or sub-tenancy to which this
Part applies and which is continuing under section 52 (1).
(b) Where a sub-tenant becomes the tenant of a landlord under subsections
(4A) and (4B) or subsection (6A), any subletting on or after 10 June 1983
under that tenancy by that tenant, without the written permission of the
landlord, shall be in breach of the contractual tenancy.
(c) For the purposes of section 64, the date of a tenancy or sub-tenancy
arising under subsections (4A) and (4B) shall be the date of the order of
the Tribunal.
(d) Section 64 shall have effect in relation to a tenancy
arising under subsection (6A) as it would have had effect in relation to
the sub-tenancy from the principal tenant if that sub-tenancy had
continued. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(6C) (a) Where a landlord believes that a tenant may have, without breach
of the contractual tenancy, sublet the whole or any part of the premises
and the landlord is unable, with reasonable diligence, to ascertain the
identity of any such sub-tenant, the Tribunal may, on an exparte
application by the landlord, make an order calling upon any subtenant to
give notice to the landlord of his interest in the premises and may give
directions regarding the service of that order.
(b) Where any sub-tenant fails, within the period specified in the order
mentioned in paragraph (a), to give notice to the landlord of his interest
in the premises, the Tribunal may, when it makes an order for possession
of the premises against the tenant, also make an order for possession
against any sub-tenant. (Added 40 of 1984 s. 19)
(7) Subject to subsection (7A), a person-
(a) who has obtained an order for possession of premises under subsection
(2) (b) or (c) shall not for a period of 24 months after the date of that
order-
(i) let the premises or any part thereof; or
(ii) assign, transfer or part with possession of the premises or any part
thereof except, in a case of an order for possession under subsection (2)
(c), where the assignment, transfer or parting with possession is solely
to facilitate the rebuilding of the premises; and
(b) who has obtained an order for possession under subsection (2) (b)
shall not for a period of 24 months after the date of that order use, or
allow the use of, the remises or any part thereof other than as a
residence for the person for whose occupation the Tribunal was satisfied
the premises were required under that subsection. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s.
15)
(7A) (a) Where an applicant has obtained an order for possession under
subsection (2) (b) or (c)-
(i) the Tribunal may authorize him to let, assign, transfer or part with
possession of the premises or any part thereof or use, or allow the use
of, the premises or any part thereof other than as a residence for the
person for whose occupation the Tribunal was satisfied the premises were
required under subsection (2) (b); and
(ii) the Commissioner may, on an application accompanied by such fee as
may be determined by the Financial Secretary, authorize the applicant to
let the premises or any part thereof for a particular purpose and for a
term not exceeding 1 year or to use, or allow the use of, for a period not
exceeding 1 year, the premises or any part thereof for a particular
purpose other than as a residence for the person for whose occupation the
Tribunal was satisfied the premises were required under subsection (2)
(b). (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 15; 32 of 1985 s. 12)
(b) The Tribunal or Commissioner, when granting an authority under
paragraph (a) to let, shall specify the terms, including the rent, on
which the premises or the part may be let:
Provided that the rent shall not be more than that payable by the tenant
or sub-tenant last in possession. (Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(7B) Without prejudice to subsection (8), a person who contravenes
subsection (7) commits an offence and is liable on conviction on
indictment to a fine of $ 500,000 and in addition, on a second or
subsequent conviction, to imprisonment for 12 months, and in any case to
forfeit a sum not exceeding the equivalent of-
(a) in the case of a contravention of subsection (7) (a) (i), 2 years'
rent calculated at the rate at which the premises were let without the
authority of the Tribunal or the Commissioner; or
(b) in the case of a contravention of subsection (7) (a) (ii), the
difference at the date of the contravention between the market value of
the premises with vacant possession and the market value of the premises
with the former tenant or sub-tenant in possession. (Added 6 of 1980 s.
5. Amended 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(7C) Any court which sentences a person for an offence under subsection
(7B) may, in addition to imposing a penalty under that subsection, make an
order under subsection (8) after hearing the former tenant or sub-tenant
and the defendant. (Added 6 of 1980 s. 5)
(7D) (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 15)
(7E) A letting, assignment, transfer or parting with possession of
premises or any part thereof shall not be void, voidable or unenforceable
by reason only of a contravention of subsection (7). (Added 76 of 1981 s.
36)
(7F) Where, in an application for possession of premises under subsection
(2), the applicant alleges a ground mentioned in paragraph (b) or (c) of
subsection (2) and-
(a) an order for possession is granted with the consent
of the tenant or sub-tenant; or
(b) the application does not proceed and
the tenant or sub-tenant consents to deliver up vacant possession of the
premises,
the applicant shall be deemed, for the purposes of subsections (7), (7G)
and (8), to have obtained an order for possession under paragraph (b) or
(c) of subsection (2); and, in a case mentioned in paragraph (b) of this
subsection and for the purposes of fixing the commencement of the period
mentioned in subsection (7), the date of the order shall be deemed to be
the date upon which the application for possession is issued from the
Tribunal. (Added 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(7G) Any applicant who has obtained an order for possession under
paragraph (b) or (c) of subsection (2) shall be presumed, until the
contrary is shown, to have knowledge of that order, or the application for
possession, of the grounds alleged upon which the order was obtained, of
the outcome of the application and of any consent given by the tenant or
sub-tenant in connection with the order or the delivery of vacant
possession. (Added 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(8) Where a landlord or principal tenant has obtained an order for
possession of the premises under subsection (2) and it is subsequently
made to appear to the Tribunal that the order was obtained by the
misrepresentation or concealment of material facts or where such landlord
or principal tenant is shown to have acted in contravention of subsection
(7), the Tribunal or, as the case may be, the court referred to in
subsection (7C) may order the landlord or principal tenant to pay to the
former tenant or sub-tenant such sum as it thinks fit by way of
compensation for damage or loss sustained by that tenant or sub-tenant as
a result of the order. (Amended 32 of 1985 s. 12) [cf. U.K. 1968 c. 23 s.
19]
(9) Where a tenant or sub-tenant successfully opposes an order for
possession of the premises under subsection (2) and it is subsequently
made to appear to the Tribunal that the opposition was successful by
reason of the misrepresentation or concealment of material facts, the
Tribunal may order the tenant or sub-tenant to pay to the landlord or
principal tenant such sum as it thinks fit by way of compensation for
damage or loss sustained by the landlord or principal tenant as a result
of that opposition. (Added 76 of 1981 s. 36)
(Amended 76 of 1981 s. 36)
53A. Restriction on order for possession for rebuilding
(1) The Tribunal shall not make an order for possession of premises on the
ground mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 53 (2) unless, in addition,
it is satisfied that-
(a) the rebuilding will result in an increase in the
number of dwellings or in accommodation for domestic use or in
accommodation for other than domestic use; and, if for other than domestic
use, the site of the premises is suitable for the intended use; or
(b) the rebuilding is in the public interest; or
(c) the expenditure required to restore or repair the premises would not
be economically reasonable,
and, where the approval or authority of any person is required in respect
or the rebuilding, the Tribunal may-
(i) state that it is satisfied as mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 53
(2) and this subsection, if that be the case;
(ii) postpone the hearing of the application to enable the landlord or
principal tenant to apply for that approval or authority; and
(iii) if that approval or authority is obtained, but not otherwise, make
an order for possession of the premises.
(2) Where the Tribunal grants an order for possession on the grounds
mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 53 (2), it may impose any reasonable
condition on the landlord in relation to his intention to rebuild the
premises and shall order that compensation be paid to the tenant and-
(a) that plans of the new building showing the number and size of any
dwellings to be erected be lodged with the Tribunal and that the new
building be erected to provide that number of dwellings; and
(b) that the rebuilding work (including any demolition that is required)
be commenced, and the new building be ready for occupation, on the dates
ordered. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 16; 32 of 1985 s. 13)
(2A) For the purposes of any review under section 11A of the Lands
Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 17), the time limit mentioned in that section
shall not apply to a decision, other than in relation to the payment of
compensation, under subsection (2). (Added 29 of 1983 s. 16)
(3) The Commissioner shall cause an order of the Tribunal under this
section to be registered by memorial in the Land Registry against the
premises affected and the conditions imposed under subsection (2) shall be
binding on and enforceable against any successors in title to the
landlord. (Amended 8 of 1993 s. 2)
(4) (a) The compensation ordered by the Tribunal under subsection (2)
shall be the sum of-
(i) an amount equal to twice the rateable value of the premises;
(ii) an amount equal to the expenditure actually and reasonably incurred
or to be reasonably incurred by the tenant and any sub-tenant in respect
of the packing, removal and transportation within Hong Kong of the
furniture and movable property kept in the premises; and
(iii) an amount equal to the loss actually and reasonably incurred or to
be reasonably incurred by the tenant and any sub-tenant in respect of
carpets curtains and fittings. (Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 20)
(b) Where a tenant has sublet premises or any part of premises, the
compensation payable under this subsection shall be apportioned by the
Tribunal so that a sub-tenant shall be entitled to receive a portion of
the compensation payable under paragraph (a) which is just and equitable.
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 20)
(c) Where it appears that premises or any part of premises is sublet, the
Tribunal may call upon the Commissioner for a certificate as to which part
of the premises is occupied by a sub-tenant and such a certificate
purporting to be signed by or on behalf of the Commissioner shall be
admissible in evidence for the purposes of paragraph (b) upon its mere
production without further proof, subject to the right of any party,
including any sub-tenant, to cross-examine the Commissioner or a public
officer in his department nominated by the Commissioner for that purpose.
(d) For the purposes of this subsection-
"premises" means the subject matter of a tenancy; and
"rateable value" has the meaning given to that phrase by section 50 (10).
(e) The method of calculating the compensation mentioned in paragraph (a)
may be amended by resolution of the Legislative Council. (Replaced 40 of
1984 s. 20)
(5) (a) Where there is a breach of a condition imposed under paragraph (a)
of subsection (2) which results in fewer dwellings or less accommodation
being erected than appeared in the plans lodged, the Tribunal may, on the
application of the Commissioner, impose a penalty of a sum not exceeding
what would have been the market value, at the time of the imposition, of
the building if it had been erected in accordance with the plans.
(b) Where there is a breach of a condition imposed under paragraph (b) of
subsection (2), the Tribunal may, on the application of the Commissioner,
-
(i) where the applicant for an order for possession holds the premises
under a Crown lease or other tenancy from the Crown, decree such breach to
be a breach of covenant in the Crown lease or of a condition or
stipulation in the tenancy and a right of re-entry under the Crown Rights
(Re-entry and Vesting Remedies) Ordinance (Cap. 126) shall accrue to the
Crown; or
(ii) in any case, impose a penalty not exceeding the market value of the
premises at the time of the imposition of the penalty.
(c) Where there is a breach of any other condition imposed under
subsection (2), the Tribunal may, on the application of the Commissioner,
impose a penalty of a sum not exceeding $ 500,000.
(6) In this section, "dwelling" has the meaning given to that phrase by
section 50C (1). (Added 76 of 1981 s. 37)
Increases in Rent
54. (Repealed 40 of 1984 s. 21)
55. Alterations in rent by agreement
(1) Where an alteration in rent is agreed between a landlord and a tenant
the landlord shall lodge with the Commissioner a notice thereof in
triplicate in the specified form signed by both the landlord and tenant.
(Amended 6 of 1980 s. 7; 29 of 1983 s. 18; 32 of 1985 s. 14)
(1A) A notice under subsection (1) shall not be valid unless-
(a) (i) it is signed by the tenant not earlier than 1 month before the
date on which it is lodged with the Commissioner; and
(ii) the alteration of rent to which it relates takes effect neither
earlier than 1 month before, nor later than 6 months after, the date on
which the notice is so lodged; or
(b) the notice is endorsed by the Commissioner, the application for which
endorsement shall be accompanied by a fee of $ 500, to the effect that he
is satisfied that the tenant understands the effect of the alteration in
rent and has not been subject to any undue pressure or influence.
(Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 22. Amended 32 of 1985 s. 14)
(2) Where a notice
is lodged with the Commissioner under subsection (1), he shall record the
agreement concerning the alteration in rent and shall endorse free of
charge on 2 copies of the notice a statement to that effect and shall
return 1 copy to the landlord and 1 copy to the tenant. (Amended 29 of
1983 s. 18)
(3) Where there is an increase in rent under an agreement mentioned in
sub-section (1), a landlord shall not be entitled to maintain an action to
recover rent at the increased rate unless a valid notice mentioned in that
subsection is endorsed by the Commissioner under subsection (2). (Replaced
40 of 1984 s. 22)
(4) The security of tenure afforded to a tenant under section 52 (4) (a)
shall apply where the rent payable by the tenant is increased by
agreement, notwithstanding the failure of the landlord to lodge notice
thereof under subsection (1).
(5) Where, on 18 December 1979, a tenant
was in possession of premises under a tenancy agreement which provided for
the rent payable by the tenant to be varied during the term of the tenancy
by reference to fixed and ascertained periods of time, any alteration in
rent pursuant to that tenancy agreement shall take effect as if this
section had not been enacted, save that where the alteration takes effect
on or after 18 December 1979 the security of tenure afforded to a tenant
by section 52 (4) (a) shall extend to such tenancy as if the rent had been
altered under this Part. (Replaced 6 of 1980 s. 7. Amended 29 of 1983 s.
18)
55A. Increase in rent on account of improvements
(1) Where the landlord of any premises incurs expenditure of $ 5,000 or
more on improvements to such premises, the landlord may, subject to
subsection (2), increase the rent payable in respect of those premises by
20% per annum of the amount expended on the improvements.
(2) Where rent is increased under this section the increase shall not take
effect except in pursuance of a notice of increase in the specified form
served by the landlord on the tenant, specifying the increase and the date
from which it is to take effect.
(3) The date specified in a notice of
increase under subsection (2) shall be not earlier than the first day when
rent becomes due after the expiry of one month from the service of the
notice.
(4) Where the landlord of any premises incurs expenditure of $ 5,000 or
more on improvements to such premises and those premises comprise 2 or
more tenements then the amount expended shall be apportioned between the
tenements and the rent payable in respect of any tenement may be increased
in accordance with this section by reference to the part of the
expenditure apportioned to it.
(5) Subject to subsection (6), in determining the amount of expenditure
incurred on improvements expenditure incurred in the 6 months immediately
prior to the date of service of the notice of increase under subsection
(2) may be aggregated.
(6) No account shall be taken of-
(a) (i) in the case of a tenancy of premises to which this Part applied
prior to 18 December 1979, expenditure incurred prior to 9 July 1976; (ii)
in any other case, expenditure incurred prior to 18 December 1979;
(Replaced 6 of 1980 s. 8)
(b) expenditure in respect of which an increase in rent has previously
been made under this section.
(7) Where a landlord serves on a tenant a notice of increase under
subsection (2), the landlord shall send a copy of that notice to the
Commissioner.
(8) A tenant on whom a notice of increase in rent is served under this
section may, not later than one month after the service of the notice,
apply to the Tribunal for an order cancelling or reducing the increase on
the ground-
(a) that the improvement was unnecessary:
Provided that where the premises the subject of the improvement comprise 3
or more tenements and more than two-thirds of the tenants of those
premises (other than sub-tenants) have consented in writing to the
improvement, the improvement shall be deemed to be necessary;
(b) that a greater amount was expended on the improvement than was
reasonable; or
(c) where the increase follows an apportionment under
subsection (4), that the apportionment was unreasonable,
and the Tribunal may make an order accordingly. (Amended 76 of 1981 s. 40)
(9) In this section-
"improvement" includes structural alteration, extension of addition and
the provision or additional fixtures and fittings, but does not include
anything done by way of decoration or repair;
"landlord" includes principal tenant;
"tenant" includes sub-tenant.
(Added 56 of 1976 s. 5)
[cf. 1968 c. 23 ss. 25 & 38 U.K.]
56. Increase in rent on account of rates
(1) Where-
(a) a landlord bears the rates in respect of any premises the subject of a
tenancy and there is an increase in the amount of rates payable; or
(b) rates are imposed in respect of any such premises and the landlord
bears those rates,
the landlord may, subject to subsection (2), increase the amount of rent
payable by the tenant of those premises by the amount of the increase in
rates or by the amount of the rates imposed, as the case may be.
(1A) For the purpose of subsection (1) (b), rates shall be deemed not to
be imposed where rates become payable by reason only that the premises
cease to be exempt from assessment to or payment of rates under section 36
of the Rating Ordinance (Cap. 116). (Added 29 of 1983 s. 19)
(2) Where the amount of rent is increased under this section the increase
shall not take effect except in pursuance of a notice of increase in the
specified form served by the landlord on the tenant, specifying the
increase and the date from which it is to take effect.
(3) The date specified in a notice of increase under subsection (2) shall
not be earlier than-
(a) the date from which the increased rates or the rates imposed, as the
case may be, are payable; or
(b) 24 months prior to the date of service of the notice,
whichever is the later. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 19)
(Replaced 10 of 1975 s. 9)
56A. Increase in rent following apportionment
(1) Where section 56 (1) applies in respect of any premises and the
premises form part of a tenement or consist of, or form part of, more than
one tenement, the landlord may, if he cannot agree with the tenant an
increase in rent of the tenancy, apply to the Commissioner in the
specified form for a certificate under subsection (2).
(2) On receipt of
an application under subsection (1) the Commissioner shall make such
apportionment or aggregation of rates as he considers necessary to
determine the amount of rates attributable to the premises and shall serve
on the landlord and on the tenant certificates in the specified form
stating the amount by which the rent may be increased.
(3) Where the Commissioner has served a certificate under subsection (2),
the rent of the tenancy may be increased, in accordance with section 56,
by the amount shown in the certificate.
(Added 10 of 1975 s. 10. Amended 93 of 1975 s. 15)
57. Application for certificate of increase in rent
(1) Where a landlord wishes to increase the rent payable by his tenant, he
may apply to the Commissioner for a certificate.
(2) An application under subsection (1) shall be made by sending a notice
in duplicate in the specified form to the Commissioner.
(3) Where the Commissioner is of the opinion that, having regard to
section 64, no increase in rent is due, or such increase in rent is not
due within a period of 6 months from the date of receipt of the
application under subsection (1), he may decline to deal with such
application or defer dealing with such application until it appears to him
that the increase in rent is due within a period of 6 months.
(4) Subject to subsection (3), upon receipt of an application under
subsection (1) the Commissioner shall serve a copy thereof on the tenant.
(5) Within 14 days of service on him under subsection (4) of a copy of the
landlord's application the tenant may send his representations thereon in
writing to the Commissioner.
(6) Where the Commissioner receives representations from a tenant under
subsection (5) which indicate that the tenant disputes any fact set out in
the application of the landlord, he shall determine the facts in dispute
and shall then deal with the application in accordance with section 58.
(For savings and transitional provisions see 39 of 1979 s. 25 (2))
58. Certificates of increase in rent
(1) Where a landlord applies for a certificate under section 57, the
Commissioner shall-
(a) if satisfied that the prevailing market rent
exceeds the current rent paid by the tenant, issue free of charge and
serve on the landlord and on the tenant certificates in the specified form
stating the amount, as ascertained in accordance with subsection (2), by
which the current rent may be increased; or
(b) if not satisfied that the prevailing market rent exceeds the current
rent paid by the tenant, issue free of charge and serve on the landlord
and on the tenant certificates in the specified form to that effect,
and he may endorse on the certificates such matters as he thinks proper
relating to such application, which, in the case of a dispute as to facts,
shall include the Commissioner's determination thereof under section 57
(6). (Amended 5 of 1975 s. 2; 29 of 1983 ss. 20 & 46)
(2) The amount mentioned in subsection (1) (a) shall be-
(a) the difference between the prevailing market rent and the current
rent; or
(b) 30% of the current rent,
whichever is the lesser:
Provided that where the sum of the amount so ascertained and the current
rent is less than 70% of the prevailing market rent, the amount shall be
the difference between 70% of the prevailing market rent and the current
rent. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 20. Amended 40 of 1984 s. 23; 32 of 1985 s.
15; 37 of 1986 s. 3; L.N. 235 of 1989; L.N. 237 of 1990) (N.B.: L.N. 235
of 1989 contains a transitional provision)
(2A) Any cents in the amount ascertained or adjusted in accordance with
subsection (2) shall be disregarded. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 20)
(3) The percentages mentioned in subsection (2) may be amended by
resolution of the Legislative Council. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 20. Amended
40 of 1984 s. 23)
(4) Where a certificate has been issued under subsection
(1) (b) in relation to any premises, no further application under section
57 in respect of those premises shall be made by the person to whom the
certificate has been issued before the expiration of 1 year from the date
of service of the certificate.
(5)-(6) (Repealed 6 of 1980 s. 9)
59. Review
(1) Where the Commissioner issues a certificate under section 58, the
landlord or the tenant may within 14 days of service on him of the
certificate apply to the Commissioner by notice in duplicate in the
specified form for a review of the certificate.
(2) On receipt of an
application under subsection (1) and such fee as may be determined by the
Financial Secretary, the Commissioner shall review his certificate issued
under section 58 and, after giving both parties the opportunity of making
written submissions, he may affirm the certificate or cancel it and issue
a new certificate under that section, and shall serve a notice of his
decision on the parties. (Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 41. Amended 32 of 1985 s.
16; 77 of 1988 s. 6)
(3) (Repealed 32 of 1985 s. 16)
(4) The Commissioner may, at the time of any review under subsection (2),
determine the date from which any increase in rent shall take effect, and,
if he makes such determination, shall include such determination in the
notice of decision served under subsection (2). (Replaced 76 of 1981 s.
41. Amended 77 of 1988 s. 6)
60. Appeal
Any person aggrieved by a decision of the Commissioner under section 59
may, within 1 month of the service of the notice of the decision, appeal
to the Tribunal which may make such order thereon as it thinks fit.
(Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 42. Amended 77 of 1988 s. 7)
61. Notices of increases
(1) Unless the Commissioner has made a determination under section 59 (4)
or the Tribunal has made an order under section 60 regarding the date from
which an increase in rent shall take effect, an increase in rent specified
in a certificate issued under section 58 (1) (a) shall not take effect
except in pursuance of a notice of increase in the specified form served
by the landlord on the tenant, specifying the date from which the increase
is to take effect. (Amended 5 of 1975 s. 5; 77 of 1988 s. 8)
(2) Where a landlord serves a notice of increase on the tenant under
subsection (1) he shall, at the same time, send a copy of the notice to
the Commissioner.
(3) The date specified in a notice under subsection (1) shall not, subject
to section 64, be earlier than the first day when rent becomes due after
the expiration of 1 month from the service of the notice.
(4) Notwithstanding this section, where proceedings on a review under
section 59 or an appeal under section 60 are not concluded on the date
specified in a notice under subsection (1), the failure by the tenant or
sub-tenant to pay the increase in rent prior to the conclusion of such
proceedings shall not be a breach of covenant to pay rent nor give rise to
a right to forfeiture.
62. Application of certain sections to sub-tenancies
Sections 55, 57, 58, 59, 60 and 61 shall apply to a sub-tenancy and any
references therein to landlord and tenant shall be construed, for this
purpose, as references to principal tenant and sub-tenant respectively.
(Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 43. Amended 40 of 1984 s. 24)
63. Increase in rent of sub-tenancy on account of rates
(1) Where-
(a) a principal tenant bears the rates in respect of any premises the
subject of a tenancy out of which a sub-tenancy has been created and there
is an increase in the amount of rates payable;
(b) rates are imposed in respect of any premises the subject of a tenancy
out of which a sub-tenancy has been created and the principal tenant bears
those rates; or
(c) the rent of a tenancy has been increased under section
56 or 56A and a sub-tenancy has been created out of that tenancy,
the principal tenant may, if he cannot agree with the sub-tenant an
increase in rent of the sub-tenancy, apply to the Commissioner in the
specified form for a certificate under subsection (2).
(1A) For the purposes of subsection (1) (b), rates shall be deemed not to
be imposed where rates become payable by reason only that the premises
cease to be exempt from assessment to or payment of rates under section 36
of the Rating Ordinance (Cap. 116). (Added 29 of 1983 s. 21)
(2) On receipt of an application under subsection (1) the Commissioner
shall make such apportionment or aggregation of the rates as he considers
necessary to determine the amount of rates attributable to the premises
the subject of the sub-tenancy and shall serve on the principal tenant and
on the sub-tenant certificates in the specified form stating the amount by
which the rent of the sub-tenancy may be increased.
(3) Where the
Commissioner has served a certificate under subsection (2), the rent of
the sub-tenancy may be increased by the amount shown in the certificate,
but the increase in rent shall not take effect except in pursuance of a
notice of increase in the specified form served by the principal tenant on
the sub-tenant specifying the date from which the increase is to take
effect.
(4) The date specified in a notice of increase under subsection (3) shall
be not earlier than-
(a) the date from which the increased rates or the rates imposed, as the
case may be, are payable;
(b) the date on which the increase in rent of the principal tenancy on
account of rates became payable; or
(c) 24 months prior to the date of service of the notice of increase on
the sub-tenant, whichever is the later. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 21)
(Replaced 10 of 1975 s. 11)
63A. Increase in rent of sub-tenancy on account of improvements
(1) Where the rent of a tenancy has been increased under section 55A and a
sub-tenancy has been created out of that tenancy, the principal tenant
may, subject to subsection (3), increase the rent payable by the sub-
tenant by such appropriate amount as may be agreed between them.
(2) In the absence of any agreement between the principal tenant and his
sub-tenant under subsection (1), the Commissioner may, on an application
in the specified form, determine the amount by which the rent payable by
the sub-tenant is to be increased, and after any such determination, shall
serve a notice of his determination on both parties. (Replaced 77 of 1988
s. 9)
(3) Where the rent payable by a sub-tenant is increased following a
determination of the Commissioner under this section the increase shall
not take effect except in pursuance of a notice of increase in the
specified form served by the principal tenant on the sub-tenant,
specifying the increase and the date from which it is to take effect.
(4) The date specified in a notice of increase under subsection (3) shall
be such date as shall be determined by the Commissioner.
(5) Where a principal tenant serves on a sub-tenant a notice of increase
under subsection (3), the principal tenant shall send a copy of that
notice to the Commissioner.
(6) Any person aggrieved by the determination of the Commissioner under
subsection (2) may, within 1 month of the service of the notice of
determination under subsection (2), appeal to the Tribunal which may make
such order thereon as it thinks fit. (Added 76 of 1981 s. 44. Amended 77
of 1988 s. 9)
(Added 56 of 1976 s. 7. Amended 76 of 1981 s. 44)
64. Effective date for increases
(1) No increase in rent in any tenancy pursuant to a certificate under
section 58 or 59 or to an order of the Tribunal under section 60 or in any
sub-tenancy under section 62 shall take effect within a period of 2 years
from- (Amended 76 of 1981 s. 45)
(a) the date on which the rent of the
tenancy or sub-tenancy was last increased, whether or not such increase
was by agreement; or
(b) the date of the tenancy or sub-tenancy,
whichever is the later. (Replaced 6 of 1980 s. 11)
(2)-(4) (Repealed 6 of 1980 s. 11)
(5) Where a tenancy or sub-tenancy was created after 18 December 1979 or,
in the case of a tenancy or sub-tenancy to which this Part applied
immediately before that date, at any time after 14 December 1973 or where
the rent of a tenancy or sub-tenancy has been increased under section 55
or pursuant to a certificate under section 58 or 59 or an order of the
Tribunal under section 60, or under section 62 and the rent of the tenancy
or sub-tenancy has been increased or further increased pursuant to a
certificate under section 58 or 59 or an order of the Tribunal under
section 60, or under section 62, no order shall be made for the recovery
of any increased rent or for the recovery of possession for non-payment
thereof unless the landlord or principal tenant satisfies the court that 2
years has or will have elapsed between the commencement of the tenancy or
sub-tenancy or the previous increase in rent and the date on which the
increase or further increase takes effect. (Amended 6 of 1980 s. 11; 76 of
1981 s. 45)
(6) For the purposes of this section rent shall, until the
contrary is proved, be deemed to have been increased if the tenant or sub-
tenant has made any payments, other than rates, to the landlord or the
principal tenant, and such additional payments have been made as a
condition of the right to occupation of the premises.
(7) Any increase in rent under section 55A or 63A shall not be an increase
in rent for the purposes of this section. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 22)
65. Provision of rent receipts
(1) A landlord shall give to his tenant, and a principal tenant shall give
to his sub-tenant, at the time that the tenant or sub-tenant pays his
rent, a receipt for the amount of rent paid and the receipt shall contain-
(a) the name and address of the landlord or principal tenant or the agent
thereof, as the case may be;
(b) the period in respect of which such rent was paid; and
(c) the date of payment.
(2) A landlord or principal tenant who fails to comply with subsection (1)
shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine
of $ 2,000.
66. Obligation to notify subletting of premises
(1) Where the whole or any part of any premises is sublet, the tenant of
the premises shall, within 14 days of being so required by his landlord,
supply his landlord with a statement in writing of the subletting showing-
(Amended 6 of 1980 s. 12; 32 of 1985 s. 17)
(a) the name of the sub-tenant;
(b) the part of the premises occupied by the sub-tenant;
(c) the rent payable by the sub-tenant; and
(d) the date of first occupation by the sub-tenant. (Replaced 5 of 1975 s.
6)
(2) A tenant who is required to supply a statement in accordance with
subsection (1) and who, without reasonable excuse-
(a) fails to supply a statement; or
(b) supplies a statement which is false in any material particular,
shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction to a fine
of $ 2,000.
67. (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 23)
General
68. Proceedings in, and jurisdiction of, court or Tribunal
(1) Subject to subsections (1A) and (2), neither the Commissioner nor any
public officer employed in the Rating and Valuation Department shall be
called to give evidence in proceedings before the court or the Tribunal
and no subpoena shall be issued against the Commissioner or such public
officer. (Amended 93 of 1975 s. 17; 76 of 1981 s. 46)
(1A) The Commissioner or any public officer employed in the Rating and
Valuation Department may be called to give evidence in any proceedings
under sections 51 (8), 53, 53A and 60. (Added 93 of 1975 s. 17. Amended 76
of 1981 s. 46)
(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), a subpoena duces tecum may be issued
against the Commissioner requiring him to produce in any proceedings an
application under section 51 (4), 51 (4A), 56A (1), 57 (1), 59 (1) or
63 (1), and a subpoena issued under this subsection shall be deemed to be
complied with by the production of any document specified in the subpoena
by any public officer employed in the Rating and Valuation Department.
(Amended 10 of 1975 s. 13; 39 of 1979 s. 16; 76 of 1981 s. 46)
(3)-(5) (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 46)
(6) The court shall have the jurisdiction conferred on it by this Part
notwithstanding anything in the District Court Ordinance (Cap. 336).
(7) Subject to section 68A, any determination or order, other than a
conviction, of the court or the Tribunal under this Part shall be final.
(Replaced 93 of 1975 s. 17. Amended 76 of 1981 s. 46)
68A. Appeal on point of law
(1) Any party to proceedings before the court or the Tribunal may appeal
to the Court of Appeal against a determination or order other than a
conviction of the court or the Tribunal on the ground that such
determination or order is erroneous in point of law. (Amended 92 of 1975
s. 59; 76 of 1981 s. 47)
(2) An appeal under this section shall be-
(a) in the case of an appeal from the court, subject to any rules made
under the Supreme Court Ordinance (Cap. 4); and
(b) in the case of an appeal from the Tribunal, subject to the provisions
of, and any rules made under, the Lands Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 17).
(Replaced 76 of 1981 s. 47) (Added 93 of 1975 s. 18)
68B. Costs
In any proceedings under this Part, the Tribunal shall not make any order
as to costs against a party unless that party has conducted his case in a
frivolous or vexatious manner.
(Added 76 of 1981 s. 48)
69. (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 49)
70. Exercise of powers of Commissioner
(1) The Commissioner may, for the purposes of this Part-
(a) serve on any person a requisition in the specified form requiring him
to furnish to the Commissioner, within such reasonable period as the
Commissioner may specify in the form, the particulars reasonably required
by the Commissioner by the requisition; (Amended 40 of 1984 s. 25)
(b) require the landlord, tenant or sub-tenant or former landlord, tenant
or sub-tenant of any premises to exhibit to him all documents relating to
the tenancy and user of the premises, including leases, receipts for rent,
rent-books and accounts, and the Commissioner may take copies of those
documents;
(c) at any reasonable time, with the consent of the occupier, enter and
inspect any premises and take such measurements and other particulars as
he thinks fit;
(ca) require the occupier or other person in control of the
premises, following not less than 24 hours notice in writing delivered at
the premises, to allow the Commissioner to enter and inspect those
premises at any reasonable time and take such measurements and other
particulars as he thinks fit; (Added 40 of 1984 s. 25)
(d) after the expiry of not less than 24 hours notice in writing to the
occupier of the premises or, if the occupier cannot be found, to the
occupier cannot be found, to the landlord or other person in control of
the premises, enter at any reasonable time during day-light (using such
force as may be necessary) and inspect any premises and take such
measurements and other particulars as he thinks fit. (Replaced 29 of 1983
s. 24)
(2) Any public officer or class of public officer employed in the Rating
and Valuation Department and authorized in writing in that behalf by the
Commissioner may exercise any of the powers and perform any of the duties
conferred or imposed on the Commissioner by this Part.
70A. Refusal to furnish information and obstruction
(1) Any person who, without reasonable excuse-
(a) refuses or neglects to furnish any of the particulars specified under
section 70 (1) (a);
(b) refuses or neglects to exhibit any document he is required to exhibit
under section 70 (1) (b);
(c) refuses to allow the Commissioner to take copies of any document
exhibited under section 70 (1) (b); or
(d) obstructs or evades the exercise of any power under section 70 (1)
(c), (ca) or (d), (Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 26)
commits an offence and is liable to a fine of $ 10,000 and to imprisonment
for 3 months. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 25. Amended 40 of 1984 s. 26)
(2) Where the Commissioner is frustrated or obstructed in the exercise of
any power under section 70 (1) (c), (ca) or (d), he may apply to the court
for an order authorizing him to enter and inspect the premises concerned
and exercise his powers and requiring the landlord, tenant, sub-tenant,
occupier or person having control of the premises to allow the
Commissioner to enter and inspect those premises and exercise his powers;
and the court shall have jurisdiction to make such order as it thinks fit.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 26)
(3) An application under subsection (2) may be made at the conclusion of
any proceedings in respect of an alleged offence under subsection (1)
(whether or not any person is convicted) or independently of any such
proceedings. (Added 40 of 1984 s. 26)
(4) In this section, "court" means
the District Court, the Tribunal or a magistrate. (Added 40 of 1984 s.
26)
70B. Harassment
(1) Any person who unlawfully deprives a tenant or sub-tenant of
occupation of any premises commits an offence and is liable on conviction
on indictment to a fine of $ 500,000 and, in addition, on a second or
subsequent conviction, to imprisonment for 12 months.
(2) Any person who, with intent to cause a tenant or sub-tenant-
(a) to give up occupation of any premises or part of premises; or
(b) to refrain from exercising any right or pursuing any remedy in respect
of any premises or part of premises,
does any act calculated to interfere with the peace or comfort of the
tenant or sub-tenant or members of his household or persistently withdraws
or withholds services reasonably required for occupation of the premises
as a dwelling commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment
to a fine of $ 500,000 and, in addition, on a second or subsequent
conviction, to imprisonment for 12 months.
(3) Where a person is convicted of an offence under subsection (1) or (2),
the court, in addition to passing sentence, may order the person convicted
to pay to the tenant or sub-tenant such sum as it thinks fit by way of
compensation for damage, loss or inconvenience suffered by the tenant or
sub-tenant by reason of the acts constituting the offence and to forfeit
to the Crown a sum not exceeding the equivalent of the difference at the
date of the contravention between the market value of the premises with
vacant possession and the market value of the premises with the former
tenant or sub-tenant in possession.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 25)
70C. False statement
Any person who, in any document required under this Part to be lodged with
or served on the Commissioner, makes a false statement, knowing it to be
false or not believing it to be true, commits an offence and is liable to
a fine of $ 5,000.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 27)
71. Forms
(1) The Commissioner may specify the forms to be used under this Part.
(2) The Commissioner may publish in the Gazette any form specified by him
under subsection (1).
(3) The Commissioner may in his discretion accept any notice or
application served on him which is not in the specified form.
72. Enlargement of time
The Commissioner may extend any time fixed by this Part for the making of
any application to him or for the lodging of any document with him except
a notice under section 55.
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 28)
73. (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 50)
74. Service of notice
(1) Service of any notice, application, certificate or other document
under this Part or of a notice to quit in respect of a periodic tenancy,
or sub-tenancy, to which this Part applies may be effected- (Amended 40 of
1984 s. 29)
(a) by personal service;
(b) by post, addressed to the last known place of business or residence of
the person to be served; (Amended 39 of 1979 s. 17; 29 of 1983 s. 26)
(c) in the case of service on a tenant or subtenant, by leaving the
notice, application, certificate or other document with an adult occupier
of the premises in which the tenant or sub-tenant resides and to which
such document relates; or
(d) by affixing a copy of it to a prominent part of the premises to which
it relates. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 26)
(2) A certificate purporting to be signed by a person who states in that
certificate that he effected service under subsection (1) shall be prima
facie evidence of the facts stated therein relating to that service.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 26)
74A. Saving
Nothing in this Part shall-
(a) authorize any increase in rent in respect of a tenancy or sub-tenancy
which is not a tenancy or sub-tenancy continuing under section 52 (1); or
(Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 30) (aa) (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 51)
(b) subject to section 53 (1) (c), (4A), (4B), (5), (6), (6A) and (6B),
afford to any subtenant any security of tenure greater than that enjoyed
by his principal tenant. (Amended 76 of 1981 s. 51; 29 of 1983 s. 27)
74B. Expiry of this Part
(1) Subject to section 52 (4), this Part shall expire at midnight on 31
December 1994. (Amended 56 of 1976 s. 8; 39 of 1979 s. 18; 6 of 1980 s.
14; 52 of 1981 s. 10; 29 of 1983 s. 28; 32 of 1985 s. 18; L.N. 202 of
1987; L.N. 235 of 1989; L.N. 273 of 1991)
(2) The Legislative Council may
by resolution amend subsection (1) by substituting for the date specified
therein such date as may be specified in the resolution. (Added 32 of 1985
s. 18)
74C. Provisions transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1980
For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that-
(a) where prior to 18 December 1979 a tenant or sub-tenant-
(i) was in possession of premises under a tenancy or sub-tenancy which
became subject to this Part on that date by virtue of the Landlord and
Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1980 (6 of 1980); and
(ii) made an agreement with his landlord or principal tenant for a new
tenancy or sub-tenancy of the premises to commence on or after 18 December
1979, or for a continuation of the existing tenancy or sub-tenancy at an
increased rent to take effect on or after that date,
he shall be entitled to the benefits and protection afforded by this Part
as if the agreement had not been made;
(b) where a tenant or sub-tenant-
(i) was immediately prior to 18 December 1979 in possession of premises
under a tenancy or sub-tenancy which was subject to this Part, or which
became subject to this Part on that date by virtue of the Landlord and
Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1980 (6 of 1980); and
(ii) made an agreement with his landlord or principal tenant on or after
18 December 1979 and before the commencement of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1980 (6 of 1980) for an increase in
rent,
the amount of rent recoverable by the landlord or principal tenant shall
be the amount so agreed, whether or not any notice has been lodged under
section 55;
(c) where a tenant or sub-tenant has paid by way of rent any
amount which, by virtue of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation)
(Amendment) Ordinance 1980 (6 of 1980), is not recoverable by the landlord
or principal tenant, the tenant or sub-tenant shall be entitled to recover
the amount from the landlord or principal tenant who received it or from
his personal representatives.
(Added 6 of 1980 s. 15)
(Part II replaced 78 of 1973 s. 2)
PART III DISTRESS FOR RENT
Interpretation and Application
75. Interpretation
In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires-
"Collector of Rates" has the meaning assigned to it in section 2 of the
Rating Ordinance (Cap. 116); (Added 37 of 1986 s. 4)
"court" means the District Court;
"rateable value" means-
(a) in the case of premises being a tenement included in a valuation list
maintained by the Collector of Rates under section 14A of the Rating
Ordinance (Cap. 116), the rateable value shown in that list; or
(b) in any other case, the rateable value certified under section 75A;
(Added 37 of 1986 s. 4)
"Registrar" means the Registrar of the District Court;
"warrant" means a warrant of distress for arrears of rent.
(Amended 5 of 1924 Schedule; 13 of 1966 Schedule)
75A. Certificate as to rateable value
For the purposes of ascertaining the rateable value of any premises in
connection with any application under section 101 a certificate purporting
to be under the hand of an officer of the Rating and Valuation Department
not below the rank of Rent Officer showing in respect of any particular
day-
(a) in the case of premises being a tenement included in a valuation list
maintained by the Collector of Rates under section 14A of the Ration
Ordinance (Cap. 116), the rateable value shown in that list; or
(b) in any other case, whether or not the rateable value of those premises
exceeds the sum mentioned in section 101 (1),
shall be admissible in any proceedings on its production and without
further proof and shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated
therein.
(Added 37 of 1986 s. 5)
76. Application of this Part
The provisions of this Part shall extend to New Kowloon and to any other
land exempted from Part II of the New Territories Ordinance (Cap. 97),
notwithstanding anything contained in that Ordinance.
(Replaced 9 of 1950 Schedule)
Jurisdiction
77. Issuing of warrants of distress
The court shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants of distress for
arrears of rent in all cases, without respect to the value of the property
on which the rent is to be levied and without respect to the amount of
rent to be levied.
(1 of 1883 s. I incorporated)
78. Penalty for unauthorized distress
(1) No distress shall be levied for arrears of rent except under the
provisions of this Part.
(2) Any person, not being a bailiff or officer acting under this Part, who
levies or attempts to levy any such distress shall be liable on summary
conviction to a fine of $ 500 or to imprisonment for 3 months, in addition
to any other liability which he may have incurred by his proceedings. (I
of 1883 s. 2 incorporated. Amended 51 of 1911 s. 4; 21 of 1912; 22 of 1950
Schedule)
79. Limitation of time for issue of warrant
No warrant shall be issued in any case for arrears of rent due for more
than 12 months at the time of the application.
(1 of 1883 s. 5 incorporated)
80. Fees
No fees shall be taken or demanded for distress under this Part except
those prescribed in the Fourth Schedule.
(1 of 1883 s. 4 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911; 62 of 1911 Schedule)
Making of distress
81. Application for warrant
Any person claiming to be entitled to arrears of rent, or his duly
constituted attorney or agent, may apply for a warrant.
(1 of 1883 s. 6 incorporated)
82. Form of affidavit
Every application for a warrant shall be supported by an affidavit in Form
1 in the Fifth Schedule, sworn in like manner as other affidavits in the
court. (1 of 1883 s. 8 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911; 51 of 1911; 20
of 1948 s. 4)
83. Issue of warrant
A warrant in Form 2 in the Fifth Schedule may be issued by a judge or, in
the absence of any judge from the court house, by the Registrar,
returnable within 6 days and addressed to a bailiff of the court.
(1 of 1883 s. 9 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1991; 62 of 1911; 20 of 1948
s. 4)
84. Refusal of warrant
The judge or Registrar to whom application is made may, on examination of
the person applying for a warrant, decline to issue the same.
(1 of 1883 s. 10 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911; 51 of 1911; 62 of 1911
Schedule; 63 of 1911 Schedule)
85. Appeal from refusal
(1) If a judge declines to issue a warrant, application may be made to the
Court of Appeal under section 14 of the Supreme Court Ordinance (Cap. 4).
(Amended 92 of 1975 s. 58)
(2) If the Registrar declines to issue a warrant, application may be made
to a judge in the first instance. A deputy registrar may, however, refer
any application to the Registrar.
(1 of 1883 s. 11 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911; 51 of 1911; 62 of 1911
Schedule; 63 of 1911 Schedule)
86. Time for making distress
Every distress shall be made after sunrise and before sunset, and not at
any other time, except by special leave of the court or a judge.
(1 of 1883 s. 12 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911; 62 of 1911 Schedule)
87. Property liable to seizure
In pursuance of a warrant, a bailiff shall seize the movable property
found in or upon the house or premises mentioned in the warrant, and in
the apparent possession of the person from whom the rent is claimed
(hereinafter called the debtor), or such part thereof as may, in the
bailiff's judgment, be sufficient to cover the amount of the rent,
together with the costs of the distress.
(1 of 1883 s. 13 incorporated. Amended 8 of 1928 s. 2)
88. Property not liable to seizure
A bailiff shall not seize-
(a) things in actual use, in the hands of a person at the time of seizure;
or
(b) tools and implements not in use, where there is other movable property
in or upon the house or premises sufficient to cover the amount of the
rent and costs; or
(c) goods of a temporary guest at an inn; or
(d) goods of a lodger at a furnished lodging-house; or
(e) the debtor's necessary wearing apparel; or
(f) goods in the custody of the law; or
(g) goods delivered to a person or firm exercising a public trade, to be
carried, wrought, worked up, or managed in the way of the trade or employ
of such person or firm. (Replaced 8 of 1928 s. 3)
(1 of 1883 s. 14 incorporated)
89. Making of inventory on seizure
On seizing any property under section 87, the bailiff shall make an
inventory and appraisement of such property, and shall give a copy of such
inventory and appraisement together with a notice in Form 3 in the Fifth
Schedule, to the debtor or to any other person on his behalf, in or upon
the said house or premises.
(1 of 1883 s. 15 incorporated. Amended 20 of 1948 s. 4)
90. Filing of inventory, etc.
The bailiff shall, as soon as may be, file in the court copies of the
inventory and appraisement and notice given under section 89.
(1 of 1883 s. 16 incorporated)
91. Entry, and forcible entry
(1) A bailiff or officer appointed to execute a warrant may break open
inner doors.
(2) If he is denied admittance to any building in respect of
which he has a warrant to distrain, after declaring his name and business,
or if, after waiting a reasonable time, no person answers or is in the
building, he may apply to the court for authority to break open outer
doors and windows, so far as may be necessary to enable him to execute the
warrant.
(3) The court, on being satisfied, by the affidavit of the bailiff or
officer, that, there are no reasonable means of executing the warrant
without breaking open the outer doors or windows, may grant an order in
writing, addressed to a bailiff, authorizing him to break open, or have
broken open, the doors and windows.
(4) Before executing such order, however, the bailiff shall inform any
person in or about the building that he has such order and that he is
about to act on it, unless the doors or windows are opened. (Amended 50 of
1911)
(1 of 1883 ss. 17 & 18 incorporated)
92. Impounding of property seized
The bailiff may impound or otherwise secure the property seized in or on
the house or premises chargeable with the rent or may remove same.
(1 of 1883 s. 19 incorporated)
Discharge of Warrant
93. Discharge or suspension of warrant or release of distress
(1) The debtor, or any other person alleging himself to be the owner of
any property seized under this Part, may, at any time within 5 days from
such seizure, apply to the court to discharge or suspend the warrant or to
release a restrained article; and the court may discharge or suspend the
warrant or release the article, on such terms as it may think just.
(2) An applicant under subsection (1) shall give to the person who
obtained the warrant and the bailiff who executed it 24 hours' notice of
the application. The notice shall set out the facts on which the claim is
founded and the facts shall be verified by affidavit.
(1 of 1883 s. 20 incorporated)
94. Costs of application
The costs attending an application under section 93 and the costs
attending the issue and execution of the warrant shall be in the
discretion of the court, and shall be paid as the court directs.
(1 of 1883 s. 21 incorporated)
95. Wrongful distress
If any claim is made to or in respect of any property seized under a
warrant, or in respect of the proceeds or value thereof, by any person not
being the debtor, the Registrar, on the application of the bailiff who
seized the property, may issue a summons calling before the court the
claimant and the person who obtained the warrant, and thereupon any action
which may have been brought in respect of such claim shall be stayed, and
the court, on proof of the service of such summons and that the property
was so distrained, may order the plaintiff to pay the costs of all
proceedings in such action after the service of such summons.
(1 of 1883 s. 22 incorporated)
96. Adjudication in case of wrongful distress
(1) Every claim under section 95 shall be verified by affidavit setting
out the facts on which it is founded. (Amended 51 of 1911)
(2) When so verified the court shall adjudicate thereupon, and make such
order between the parties in respect thereof, and of the costs of the
proceedings, as it thinks fit.
(3) An order under subsection (2) shall be
enforced as if it were an order made in an action brought in the court.
(1 of 1883 s. 23 incorporated)
97. Compensation for wrongful distress
(1) In any case under section 93 or 95, the court may, if a claim for
compensation is made at the time of application, and if it appears to the
court that the landlord or bailiff had no reasonable ground for believing
that the goods were properly distrainable, award such compensation by way
of damages to the applicant or claimant, as the case may be, as the court
thinks fit, and may for that purpose make any inquiry it thinks necessary.
(2) The order of the court awarding or refusing compensation under
subsection (1) shall bar any action in respect of injury caused by the
distress.
(1 of 1883 s. 24 incorporated)
98. Power to allow time for payment of rent
The court may, at any time, on the application of the debtor and on
reasonable notice being given of the application to the person who
obtained the warrant, give time to the debtor to pay the rent due from
him, on such terms as it may think just and reasonable. (1 of 1883 s. 25
incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911; 62 of 1911 Schedule)
Sale of Distress
99. Mode of sale of distress
(1) In default of any order to the contrary, the distrained property shall
be sold on the day mentioned in the notice given under section 89 and the
sale shall be conducted at such place and time and by such auctioneer or
bailiff as the Registrar may direct.
(2) The auctioneer or bailiff shall,
or realizing the proceeds, pay over the amount thereof to the court, and
such amount shall be applied first in payment of the costs of the
distress, and then in satisfaction of the debt; and the surplus, if any,
shall be returned to the debtor.
(1 of 1883 s. 26 incorporated)
100. Right of debtor as to manner of sale
The debtor may require that the sale shall take place in any other manner
than that directed by the Registrar, on giving security for any extra
costs or loss thereby, or that, in the opinion of the Registrar, may be
thereby occasioned.
(1 of 1883 s. 27 incorporated)
Deserted Premises
101. Case of deserted premises, where no distress left
(1) If a tenant of premises with a rateable value not exceeding $30,000 at
the time of an application for a warrant under this section is in arrears
for 2 months and deserts the demised premises and leaves the same
uncultivated or unoccupied, so as no sufficient distress can be had to
countervail the arrears of rent, the court may, on the application of the
lessor or landlord or his agent and on information upon oath, issue its
warrant authorizing any bailiff to enter on the premises, breaking any
doors, windows, or gates, if necessary; and, if the premises are found to
be deserted with no sufficient distress therein, to place the same in
charge of a bailiff and to affix a notice thereon, in a conspicuous place,
that, unless cause to the contrary is shown before the court within 10
days, the premises will be given over to the applicant. (Amended 37 of
1986 s. 6)
(2) If no such cause is shown, the court may, on proof of the fact of
desertion, of non-payment of at least 2 months' rent last due, of want of
sufficient distress ad that the applicant is the lessor or landlord of the
premises or entitled under this Part to a warrant, make an order directing
a bailiff to put the applicant in possession of the premises, and the
demise shall become void.
(3) The Legislative Council may by resolution amend the sum mentioned in
subsection (1). (Added 37 of 1986 s. 6)
(1 of 1883 s. 28 incorporated)
[cf. 1737 c. 19 s. 16 U.K., 1817 C. 52 U.K.]
Rules as to Distress
102. Distress for arrears of rent on determination of lease
Arrears of rent may be distrained for after the end or determination of
any term or lease at will, in the same manner as if such term or lease had
not been ended or determined:
Provided that such distress is made during the continuance of the
possession of the tenant from whom such arrears became due.
(1 of 1883 s. 29 incorporated)
103. Priority of landlord's right
No personal property shall be removed from any premises under any writ
from any court, other than writs in Crown suits, until the claim for rent
due to the landlord or lessor or person entitled to receive the rent is
satisfied:
Provided that such claim shall not in any case exceed the amount due for 6
months' rent last due.
(1 of 1883 s. 30 incorporated)
[cf. 1709 c. 18 or c. XIV U.K.]
104. Property seized under writ or warrant of High Court or the District
Court
(1) If personal property, otherwise liable to distress for rent, is,
at the time of the issue of a warrant or thereafter before seizure by the
bailiff under the warrant, seized under any writ or warrant of the High
Court or the District Court, the bailiff shall not seize the personal
property, but shall return the warrant into court and deliver copies
thereof to the execution creditor or his agent and to the debtor, either
personally or by leaving the same at the place where the goods were
seized. (Amended 1 of 1953 Fourth Schedule; 92 of 1975 s. 59)
(2) The execution creditor or debtor or either of them may apply to the
court to discharge or suspend the warrant within the time and in the
manner mentioned in section 93, and if no application is made within the
prescribed time, the Registrar shall out of the first money to be received
by him from the officer executing the writ or warrant, pay over to the
person obtaining the warrant the amount thereof:
Provided that if the amount mentioned in the warrant exceeds the amount
due for 6 months' rent, the Registrar shall pay the amount of rent due for
6 months and the costs and no more.
(1 of 1883 s. 31 incorporated)
105. Distraint after satisfaction of execution
If any execution is paid off after the issue of a warrant, the bailiff
shall immediately execute the warrant.
(1 of 1883 s. 32 incorporated)
106. Persons who may apply for warrant
The following persons may, either personally or by their attorneys or
agents, apply for warrants to distrain for arrears of rent due to the
estates represented by them; that is to say-
(a) executors or administrators of any lessor or landlord or person
entitled to receive rents;
(b) guardians for infants;
(c) committees of lunatics for the lunatics;
(d) receivers appointed by courts for the estate over or for which they
are appointed;
(e) assignees and trustees in bankruptcy for the estate of
the bankrupt;
(f) mortgagees for the property mortgaged, if the mortgagee
is in possession;
(g) trustees for the estate over which the trust
extends;
(h) lessees against their underlessees; and
(i) the Registrar for premises seized under execution, if rented to
tenants by the person against whom the execution is issued, or otherwise
rented so that the rent is payable to such person.
(1 of 1883 s. 33 incorporated. Amended 72 of 1971 s. 3)
107. Right of one of several parties interested to institute proceedings
Where a right to distrain accrues to parties jointly interested or
together interested in any premises, such as coparceners, joint tenants,
tenants in common, executors, administrators, trustees, guardians,
partners, or otherwise, proceedings under this Part may be taken by any
one of such parties, in his own name and the name or names of those
jointly or together interested with him, and the levying of rent so
distrained for shall be a complete discharge to the tenant for the rent or
for so much thereof as may be so levied; and the party so levying shall be
liable to account to the parties having the interest jointly or together
with him for all sums so levied:
Provided that if, in any particular case, it appears to the court or to
the Registrar to be advisable to do so, the court or the Registrar may
require the party so applying to produce a written authority to distrain,
signed by one or more of the persons jointly or together interested with
him. (Amended 50 of 1911; 62 of 1911 Schedule) (1 of 1883 ss. 34 & 35
incorporated)
108. Removal of property under distraint
No property found at the time of distraint in or on any premises as to
which an arrears of rent is due shall be removed from the premises without
the consent of the person issuing the warrant, or by direction of the
Registrar, until satisfaction is made for the rent due, if the arrears has
accrued during the current tenancy, and if at any time the property would
have been liable to distraint for rent under this Part; and the landlord
or lessor shall be entitled to require the bailiff, on giving the bailiff
a sufficient indemnity, to the satisfaction of the Registrar, to follow
the property, if removed, and seize the same under the warrant, whether or
not the property was afterwards disposed of by the owner by way of sale,
exchange, mortgage, pledge, or otherwise. (1 of 1883 s. 36 incorporated)
109. Following property liable to seizure and removed
If the tenant or lessee or person in possession or occupation of any
premises on which there is an arrears of rent due, recoverable by
distress, removes or carries away, or causes or permits to be removed or
carried away, from the premises any movable property liable to be seized
for such rent, so as to prevent or hinder the bailiff from distraining the
same, the court may, on application verified by affidavit, authorized the
bailiff to whom the warrant to distrain for the rent on such premises is
addressed, and the officers acting with him, to follow and to take and
seize the property as a distress for the arrears of rent, wherever the
same may be found, at any time within 30 days from the day of its removal,
exclusive of the day of removal, and to deal with the property so removed
in the same way as if it had been found on the premises, and, if advisable
to do so, to place the same again in the premises:
Provided that the bailiff may, without such authority, follow and seize
any such property found by him in the act of being removed from any such
premises, and before the same is placed in any other house or building.
(1 of 1883 ss. 37 & 38 incorporated)
110. Restoration of property removed but bona fide sold
If the property or any part thereof so removed or carried away under
section 108 or 109 has been sold bona fide and for a sufficient
consideration, before or after removal from the premises distrained, to
any person not knowing and not having the means of knowing that the same
was liable to distraint for rent, or was removed or carried away, or was
to be removed or carried away, so as to prevent or hinder the landlord or
lessee from distraining, the same, or so much thereof as has been so sold,
shall be restored by the bailiff distraining or by the court on
application under section 93.
(1 of 1883 s. 39 incorporated)
111. Fraudulent removal of property by tenant
Any tenant or lessee or person in possession or occupation who
fraudulently removes or carries away movable property under section 108 or
109, and any person who wilfully and knowingly aids or assists such tenant
or lessee or person in such fraudulent removal or carrying away, shall be
deemed to be guilty of an offence triable upon indictment. (1 of 1883 s.
40 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1991 s. 4)
112. Protection against irregularity in proceedings
Where any distress is made for any sum of money to be levied by virtue of
this Part, the distress itself shall not be deemed unlawful, not the party
making the same be deemed a trespasser, on account of any defect or want
of form in the proceeding relating thereto, nor shall the party
distraining be deemed a trespasser from the beginning on account of any
irregularity which may afterwards be committed by the party so
distraining, but the person aggrieved by such irregularity may recover
satisfaction for the special damages in an action under section 97.
(1 of 1883 s. 42 incorporated)
General
113. Exclusion of Crown rents
Nothing in this Part shall be held to apply to rent due to the Crown.
(1 of 1883 s. 43 incorporated)
114. Power to amend schedules
The Governor may by notice published in the Gazette amend the Fourth
Schedule and the Fifth Schedule in any manner whatsoever.
(Added 17 of 1929 s. 2. Amended 72 of 1973 s. 2)
PART IV NEW TENANCIES OF DOMESTIC PREMISES
Interpretation and Application
115. Interpretation
(1) In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires-
"Commissioner" means the Commissioner of Rating and Valuation;
"current tenancy" means a tenancy which is subsisting (whether or not
continued by section 117) at the time when a notice is served under
section 119 (1) or a request made under section 119A (1);
"date of termination" means the date stated in a notice served under
section 119 (1) as the date at which the tenancy is to come to an end;
"domestic tenancy" has the meaning given to that phrase by section 51;
"forfeiture" means forfeiture-
(a) for breach of any provision of a tenancy; or
(b) under a provision of a tenancy allowing forfeiture or determination
following the destruction, or partial destruction, of or damage to the
premises;
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 31)
"landlord" includes any person, other than the Crown, who is, from time to
time, entitled to receive rent in respect of any premises an, in relation
to a particular tenant, means the person entitled to receive rent from
that tenant;
"notice to quit" means a notice to terminate a tenancy give in accordance
with the express or implied provisions of that tenancy; "premises" means
the subject matter of any tenancy; (Added 29 of 1983 s. 29)
"prevailing market rent" means the rent, exclusive of rates at which
premises the subject matter of a tenancy to which this Part applies might
reasonably be expected to be let, at the date on which the current tenancy
would, apart from section 119N, have come to an end under section 119(1)
or section 119a (5), on the terms of the new tenancy granted under this
Part, but disregarding the effect of this Ordinance; (Amended 29 of 1983
ss. 29 & 46)
"tenancy" means a tenancy entered into orally or in writing and includes-
(a) an agreement for a tenancy;
(b) a sub-tenancy; and
(c) a tenancy continued or granted under this Part;
'tenant" does not include a Crown lessee but includes-
(a) a sub-tenant; and
(b) a public body, corporation, foreign or Commonwealth Government,
partnership or firm which is the tenant of premises which is the subject
matter of a tenancy to which this Part applies;
"Tribunal" means the Lands Tribunal established under the Lands Tribunal
Ordinance (Cap. 17)
(2) For the purposes of ascertaining whether a tenancy is a domestic
tenancy, section 51 shall apply to this Part as it applies to Part II.
(3) No notice or application under this Part shall, for the purposes of
the Land Registration Ordinance (Cap. 128), be regarded as an instrument
in writing by which any parcel of ground, tenement or premises may be
affected or as creating a lis pendens. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 29)
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 46 U.K.]
116. Application of this Part
(1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), this Part applies to any domestic
tenancy whether created before, on or after 19 December 1981 and
notwithstanding any provision in such tenancy, including any provision
purporting generally or specifically to exclude this Part. (Amended 29 of
1983 s. 30)
(1A) Where Part II ceases to apply to a tenancy because that tenancy
becomes a tenancy mentioned in paragraph (m) of section 50 (6), this Part
shall apply to that tenancy. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 30)
(1B) Where Part II ceases to apply to a tenancy under section 51A or 51B,
this Part shall apply to that tenancy. (Added 40 of 1984 s. 32)
(2) This Part shall not apply to any tenancy-
(a) to which Part I or part II applies; or
(b) which is excluded from Part II by paragraph (b), (c), (d), (e) or (n)
of section 50 (6), whether or not the tenancy is also excluded from Part
II by paragraph (1), (m) or (0), or all those paragraphs, of that section;
or (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 30)
(c) of premises which is subsisting at the
time an order under section 4 is made in respect of those premises; or
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 30)
(d)which is entered into under an authority under section 53 (7A) (a) (ii)
or an authority by the Commissioner under section 119H (2) (a).
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 30)
(3) This Part shall not apply to a tenancy entered into in writing for a
term not exceeding 1 year which is endorsed by the Commissioner under
subsection (4).
(4) When the Commissioner is satisfied that a tenancy
mentioned in subsection (3)-
(a) has been entered into for a period during
which, or for most of which, the landlord will be absent from Hong Kong or
for any other special reason acceptable to the Commissioner, the landlord
is unable to, or does not wish to, occupy the premises; or
(b) is a
tenancy (which is not a sub-tenancy) of premises-
(i) which are, in his opinion, fully furnished; and
(ii) in respect of which the landlord is obliged by the terms of the
tenancy to maintain and repair the premises, furnishings and fittings; or
(c) is a sub-tenancy of premises which are-
(i) in his opinion, fully furnished and in respect of which the principal
tenant is obliged by the terms of the sub-tenancy to maintain and repair
the premises, furnishings and fittings; and
(ii) under a principal tenancy which is excluded under paragraph (b), and
that the tenant or sub-tenant understands the effect of excluding the
tenancy or sub-tenancy from this Part, he may endorse the agreement to the
effect that this Part does not apply to the tenancy or sub-tenancy.
(Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 32. Amended 32 of 1985 s. 19)
(4A) An application
to the Commissioner for his endorsement under subsection (4) shall be
accompanied by such fee as may be determined by the Financial Secretary.
(Added 32 of 1985 s. 19)
(5) (a) The benefits and protection afforded by this Part shall, in any
tenancy to which it applies, be available to the widow, widower, mother,
father or any daughter or son over the age of 18 years of the tenant where
she or he was residing with the tenant at the time of the tenant's death;
and, for the purposes of this Part, references to a tenant shall except in
this subsection include a reference to such window, widower, mother,
father, daughter or son.
(b) Only one person mentioned in paragraph (a) shall be entitled to the
benefits and protection of this Part at one time and, in default of
agreement by those persons, the Tribunal shall nominate that person on
such grounds as appears to it to be just and equitable. (Added 29 of 1983
s. 30)
(c) The benefits and protection afforded by this Part shall not be
available to a personal representative of a deceased tenant or,
notwithstanding any will or the law of succession on intestacy, any other
person who is not a person mentioned in paragraph (a) as entitled to those
benefits and that protection.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 32)
(6) (Repealed 40 of 1984 s. 32)
Continuation and Renewal of Tenancies
117. Continuation of tenancies and grant of new tenancies
(1) A tenancy shall not come to an end unless terminated in accordance
with this Part; and a tenant may apply to the Lands Tribunal for a new
tenancy-
(a) if the landlord has given notice under section 119 to terminate the
tenancy; or
(b) if the tenant has made a request for a new tenancy under
section 119A.
(2) Subsection (1) shall not prevent the coming to an end
of a tenancy by notice to quit given by the tenant, by surrender or
forfeiture or by the forfeiture of a principal tenancy unless-
(a) in case of a notice to quit, the notice was given before the tenant
had been in occupation in right of the tenancy for 1 month; or
(b) in the case of an instrument of surrender, it was executed before, or
was executed in pursuance of an agreement made before, the tenant had been
in occupation in right of the tenancy for 1 month.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 24 U.K.]
118. Notices given before this Part applies
(1) Where, at a time when a tenancy is not one to which this Part applies,
the landlord gives notice to quit or of termination under Part V or
otherwise and the notice expires when the tenancy is one to which this
Part applies, the notice shall have no effect.
(2) This section shall not
apply to re-entry where the tenant has given cause for forfeiture.
(3) This section shall apply to notices given before 19 December 1981 as
well as after that date.
119. Termination of tenancy by the landlord
(1) Subject to section 119N, the landlord may terminate a tenancy by a
notice given to the tenant in the specified form stating the date of
termination. (See Form CR 101)
(2) Subject to subsection (3), a notice
under this section shall not have effect unless it is given not more than
7 not less than 6 months before the date of termination.
(3) (a) In the
case of a tenancy which, apart from this Part, could have been brought to
an end by notice to quit given by the landlord, the date of termination
shall not be earlier than the earliest date on which, apart from this
Part, the tenancy could have been brought to an end by notice to quit
given by the landlord on the date of the giving of the notice under this
section. (b) In the case of any other tenancy, a notice under this
section shall not specify a date of termination earlier than the date on
which apart from this Part the tenancy would have come to an end by
effluxion of time. (4) A notice under this section shall not have effect
unless it requires the tenant, within 2 months after the giving of the
notice, to notify the landlord in the specified from whether or not, at
the date of termination, the tenant will be willing to give up possession
of the premises comprised in the tenancy. (See Form CR 102)
(5) A notice under this section shall not have effect unless it states
whether the landlord would oppose an application to the Tribunal under
this Part for the grant of a new tenancy and, if so, also states on which
of the grounds mentioned in section 119E he would do so.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 25 U.K.]
119A. Tenant's request for a new tenancy
(1) A tenant under a current tenancy may make a request to the landlord
for a new tenancy. (See Form CR 103)
(2) A tenant's request for a new tenancy shall be for a tenancy beginning
with such date, not more than 7 nor less than 6 months after the making of
the request, as may be specified therein:
Provided that the date shall not be earlier than the date on which, apart
from this Part, the current tenancy would come to an end by effluxion of
time or could be brought to an end by notice to quit given by the tenant.
(3) A tenant's request for a new tenancy shall not have effect unless it
is made by notice in the specified form given to the landlord.
(4) A tenant's request for a new tenancy shall not be made if the landlord
has already given notice under section 119 to terminate the current
tenancy, or if the tenant has already given notice to quit or notice under
section 119B; and no notice under section 119 shall be given after the
making by the tenant of a request for a new tenancy. (Amended 29 of 1983
s. 31)
(5) Where the tenant makes a request for a new tenancy in accordance with
this section, the current tenancy shall, subject to sections 119M (2) and
119N, terminate immediately before the date specified in the request for
the beginning of the new tenancy.
(6) Within 2 months of the making of a
tenant's request for a new tenancy, the landlord may give notice in the
specified form to the tenant that he will oppose an application to the
Tribunal for the grant of a new tenancy; and any such notice shall state
on which of the grounds mentioned in section 119E the landlord will oppose
the application. (See Form CR 104)
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 26 U.K.]
119B. Termination by tenant of tenancy for fixed term
(1) Where the tenant under a current tenancy gives to the landlord, not
later than 1 month before the date on which, apart from this Part, the
tenancy would come toe an end by effluxion of time, a notice in writing
that the tenant does not desire the tenancy to be continued, section 117
shall not have effect in relation to the tenancy, unless the notice is
given before the tenant has been in occupation in right of the tenancy for
1 month.
(2) A tenancy which is continuing by virtue of section 117 may be brought
to and end by not less than 1 month's notice in writing given by the
tenant to the landlord, whether the notice is given after the date on
which, apart from this Part, the tenancy would have come to an end or
before that date, but not before the tenant has been in occupation in
right of the tenancy for 1 month.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 27 U.K.]
119C. Renewal of tenancies by agreement
(1) Where the landlord and tenant agree for the grant to the tenant of a
future tenancy of the premises on terms and from a date specified in the
agreement, the current tenancy shall continue until that date but no
longer and shall not be a tenancy to which this Part applies:
Provided that an agreement for the grant of a future tenancy before the
tenant has been in occupation in right of the current tenancy for 1 month
shall not be enforceable by the landlord.
(2) Where the landlord and tenant agree for the grant to the tenant of a
future tenancy but are unable to agree the rent payable, the parties may
refer the rent for determination under section 119K and that section shall
apply accordingly: Provided that the tenant may, within 1 month of that
determination, serve a notice on the landlord declining to accept that
future tenancy. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 32) [cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 28 U.K.]
Application to Tribunal for new tenancy
119D. Order by Tribunal for grant of a new tenancy
(1) Subject to section 119G, on an application under section 117 (1) the
Tribunal shall make an order for the grant of a new tenancy.
(2) Where an application under section 117 (1) is made in consequence of a
notice given by the landlord under section 119, the application shall not
be entertained unless the tenant has notified the landlord in accordance
with that notice that he will not be willing at the date of termination to
give up possession of the premises comprised in the tenancy.
(3) (a) No application under section 117 (1) shall be entertained if it is
made-
(i) less than 2 months after, either, the giving of the landlord's
notice under section 119 or, as the case may be, the making of the
tenant's request for a new tenancy under section 119A; or
(ii) more than 2 months after the giving of a notice in the specified form
by the landlord to the tenant requiring the tenant to make such an
application; or (See Form CR 105)
(iii) after the current tenancy has terminated in accordance with this
Part.
(b) A landlord shall not be entitled to give the notice mentioned
in subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (a) before the expiry of the period of 2
months mentioned in subparagraph (i) of that paragraph.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 29 U.K.]
119E. Opposition by landlord to application for new tenancy
(1) The grounds on which a landlord may oppose an application under
section 117(1) are such of the following grounds as may be stated in the
landlord's notice under section 119, or as the case may be, the notice
under section 119 (A) (6)-
(a) any rent lawfully due from the tenant has not been paid or, where any
covenant or condition of the tenancy has been broken or not performed,
such breach or non-performance is, under the current tenancy, a cause of
forfeiture;
(b) the premises or any part thereof are reasonably required by the
landlord for occupation as a residence for himself, his father, his mother
or any son or daughter of his over the age of 18: (Amended 29 of 2983 s.
33)
Provided that the Tribunal shall not refuse to grant a new tenancy by
reason only of this ground if-
(i) in the case of a tenancy, the tenant satisfies the Tribunal that in
all the circumstances of the case, it would manifestly not be just and
equitable to refuse to grant a new tenancy; or
(ii) in the case of a sub-tenancy, the Tribunal is satisfied, in all the
circumstances of the case, including the question whether other
accommodation is available for the principal tenant or the sub-tenant,
greater hardship would be caused by refusing to grant a new tenancy than
by granting one;
(c) the landlord intends to rebuild the premises;
(d) The tenant has caused unnecessary annoyance, inconvenience or
disturbance to the landlord or to any other person:
Provided that no ground shall be established under this paragraph unless
the Tribunal is satisfied that the annoyance, inconvenience or disturbance
had continued after a warning in writing had been served by the landlord
on the tenant causing the same;
(e) the tenant has used, or has suffered or permitted the use of, the
premises of which he is the tenant or any part thereof, for an immoral or
illegal purpose,
(f) the tenant has sublet the whole or any part of the premises of which
he is tenant and does not occupy any part of the premises as his dwelling.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 33)
(2) The landlord shall not be entitled to oppose an application on the
ground specified in paragraph (b) of subsection (1) if the interest of the
landlord, or an interest which has merged in that interest and but for the
merger would be the interest of the landlord, was acquired after the
beginning of the period of 12 months which ends with the termination of
the current tenancy, and at all times since the acquisition thereof the
premises have been comprised in a tenancy or successive tenancies of the
description specified in section 116 (1).
(2A) For the purposes of subsection (1) (b)-
"landlord" includes one or more landlords, holding the premises jointly or
in common, with the other landlord or landlords so holding assenting to
the opposition to an application under section 117 (1); and
"his father, his mother or any son or daughter of his" includes the
father, mother, son or daughter of one or more landlords, holding the
premises jointly or in common, with other landlord or landlords so holding
assenting to the opposition to an application under section 117 (1).
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 33)
(3) For the purpose of subsection (1) (d), a tenant who persistently fails
to pay rent as and when it falls due may be regarded as causing
unnecessary inconvenience to the landlord.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 30 U.K.]
119F. Additional provisions regarding opposition on ground of intention to
rebuild
(1) The Tribunal shall not decline to make an order for the grant
of a new tenancy on the ground mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 119E
(1) unless, in addition, the landlord establishes that-
(a) the rebuilding. will result in an increase in the number of dwellings
or in accommodation for domestic use or in accommodation for other than
domestic use; if for other than domestic use, the site of the premises is
suitable for the intended use; or
(b) the rebuilding is in the public
interest; or
(c) the expenditure required to restore or repair the premises would not
be economically reasonable,
and, where the approval or authority of any person is required in respect
of the rebuilding, the Tribunal may-
(i) state that the landlord has established the ground mentioned in
paragraph (c) of section 119E 91) and one of the matters mentioned in
paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this subsection;
(ii) postpone the hearing of the application to enable the landlord to
apply for that approval or authority; and
(iii) if that approval or authority is obtained, but not otherwise,
decline to make an order for the grant of a new tenancy.
(2) Where a landlord successfully opposes the grant of a new tenancy on
the ground mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 119E (1), the Tribunal
may impose any reasonable condition on the landlord in relation to his
intention to rebuild the premises and shall order that compensation be
paid to the tenant and-
(a) that plans of the new building showing the number and size of any
dwellings to be erected be lodged with the Tribunal and that the new
building be erected to provide that number of dwellings; and
(b) that the rebuilding work (including any demolition that is required)
be commenced, and the new building be ready for occupation, on the dates
ordered. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 34; 32 of 1985 s. 20)
(2A) For the purposes of any review under section 11A of the Lands
Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 17), the time limit mentioned in that section
shall not apply to a decision, other than in relation to the payment of
compensation, under subsection (2). (Added 29 of 1983 s. 34)
(3) The Commissioner shall cause an order of the Tribunal made under this
section to be registered by memorial in the Land Registry against the
premises affected and the conditions imposed under subsection 92) shall be
binding on and enforceable against any successors in title to the
landlord. (Amended 8 of 1993 s. 2)
(4) (a) The compensation ordered by the Tribunal under subsection (2)
shall be the sum of-
(i) a amount equal to twice the rateable value of the premises;
(ii) an amount equal to the expenditure actually and reasonably incurred
or to be reasonably incurred by the tenant and any sub-tenant in respect
of the packing, removal and transportation within Hong Kong of the
furniture and movable property kept in the premises; and
(iii) an amount equal to the loss actually and reasonably incurred or to
be reasonably incurred by the tenant and any sub-tenant in respect of
carpets, curtains and fittings. (Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 33)
(b) Where a tenant has sublet premises or any part of premises, the
compensation payable under this subsection shall be apportioned by the
Tribunal so that a sub-tenant shall be entitled to receive a portion of
the compensation payable under paragraph (a) which is just and equitable.
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 33)
(c) Where it appears that premises or any part of premises is sublet, the
Tribunal may call upon the Commissioner for a certificate as to which part
of the premises is occupied by a sub-tenant and such a certificate
purporting to be signed by or on behalf of the Commissioner shall be
admissible in evidence for the purposes of paragraph (b) upon its mere
production without further proof, subject to the right of any party,
including any sub-tenant, to cross-examine the Commissioner or a public
officer in his department nominated by the Commissioner for that purpose.
(d) For the purposes of this subsection-
"rateable value" has the meaning given to that phrase by section 50 (10).
(Amended 29 of 1983 s. 34)
(e) The method of calculating the compensation mentioned in paragraph (a)
may be amended by resolution of the Legislative Council. (Replaced 40 of
1984 s. 33)
(5) (a) Where there is a breach of a condition imposed under paragraph (a)
of subsection (2) which results in fewer dwellings or less accommodation
being erected than appeared in the plans lodged, the Tribunal may, on the
application of the Commissioner, impose a penalty of a sum not exceeding
what would have been the maker value, at the time of the imposition, of
the building if it had been erected in accordance with the plans.
(b)
Where there is a breach of a condition imposed under paragraph (b) of
subsection (2), the Tribunal may, on the application of the Commissioner,-
(i) where the landlord holds the premises under a Crown lease or other
tenancy from the Crown, decree such breach to be a breach of covenant in
the Crown lease or of a condition or stipulation in the tenancy and a
right of re-entry under the Crown Rights (Re-entry and Vesing Remedies)
Ordinance (Cap. 126) shall accrue to the Crown; or
(ii) in any case,
impose a penalty not exceeding the market value of the premises at the
time of the imposition of the penalty.
(c) Where there is a breach of any other condition imposed under
subsection (2), the Tribunal may, on the application of the Commissioner,
impose a penalty payable to the general revenue of a sum not exceeding
$500,000.
(6) In this section, "dwelling" has the meaning given to that phrase by
section 50C (1).
119FA. New tenancy of part of premises
Subject to section 119E(1) (b), where an application under section 117 (1)
is opposed on the ground mentioned in section 119E (1) (b) and the
Tribunal is satisfied that only part of the premises is reasonably
required, the Tribunal shall-
(a) in a case where any tenant or sub-tenant is willing to accept such an
order, make an order for the grant of a new tenancy or new tenancies in
respect of such part or parts of the premises as the Tribunal thinks just
and equitable having regard to those reasonable requirements and all the
circumstances of the case; or
(b) in any other case, decline to make an order for the grant of a new
tenancy. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 35)
119G. Dismissal of application for new tenancy where landlord successfully
opposes
(1) If the landlord opposes an application under section 117 (1)
on grounds on which he is entitled to oppose it in accordance with section
119E and, subject to section 119F, establishes any of those grounds to the
satisfaction of the Tribunal, shall not make an order for the grant of a
new tenancy.
(2) Where the Tribunal does not make an order for the grant of a new
tenancy on a ground specified in paragraph (b) of section 119E (1), it
shall specify the name of the person for whose occupation it is satisfied
the premises are required. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 36) [cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 31
U.K.]
119h. Penalties
(1) Subject to subsection (2), where the landlord successfully opposes the
grant of a new tenancy-
(a) on a ground specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of section 119E (1), he
shall not, for a period of 24 months after the decision of the Tribunal
declining to make an order for the grant of a new tenancy-
(i) let the premises or any part thereof; or
(ii) assign, transfer or part with possession of the premises or any part
thereof except, in a case specified in paragraph (c) of section 119E (1),
where the assignment, transfer or parting with possession is solely to
facilitate the rebuilding of the premises; and
(b) on a ground specified in paragraph (b) of section 119E (1), he shall
not, for a period of 24 months after the decision of the Tribunal
declining to make an order for the grant of a new tenancy, use, or allow
the use of , the premises or any part thereof other than as a residence
for the person for whose occupation the Tribunal was satisfied the
premises were require under that subsection. (Replaced 29 of 1983 of s.
37) (2) (a) Where a landlord successfully opposes the grant of a new
tenancy on the ground specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of section 119E
(1), the Tribunal may authorize the landlord to-
(i) let the premises or any part thereof; or
(ii) assign transfer or part with possession of the premises or any part
thereof; or
(iii) use, or allow the use of, the premises or any part
thereof other than as a residence for the person for whose occupation the
Tribunal was satisfied the premises were required under paragraph (b) of
section 119E (1),
and the Commissioner may, on an application accompanied by such fee as the
Financial Secretary may determine, authorize the landlord to let, use or
allow the use of the premises as mentioned in subparagraph (i) or (iii)
for a term not exceeding 1 year. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 37. Amended 32
of 1985 s. 21)
(b) The Tribunal or the Commissioner, when granting an authority under
paragraph (a) to let, shall specify the terms, including the rent, on
which the premises or the part are to be let:
Provided that the rent shall not be more than that payable by the tenant
last in possession.
(3) Without prejudice to subsection (9), a landlord who contravenes
subsection (1) commits an offence and is liable on conviction on
indictment to a fine of $500,000 and in addition, on a second or
subsequent conviction, to imprisonment for 12 months, and in any case to
forfeit a sum not exceeding the equivalent of-
(a) in the case f a contravention of subsection (1) (a) (i), 2 years' rent
calculated at the rate at which the premises were let without the
authority of the Tribunal or the commissioner; or
(b) in the case of a contravention of subsection (1) (a) (ii), the
difference, at the date of the contravention, between the market value of
the premises with vacant possession and the marker value of the premises
with the former tenant in possession. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 37)
(4) Any court which sentences a landlord for an offence under subsection
(3) may, in addition to imposing a penalty under that subsection, make an
order under subsection (9) after hearing the former tenant and the
defendant.
(5) (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 37)
(6) A letting, assignment, transfer or parting with possession of premises
or part thereof shall not be void, voidable or unenforceable by reason
only of a contravention of subsection (1).
(7) Where, in his opposition to an application for a new tenancy under
section 117, the landlord alleges a ground mentioned in paragraph (b) or
(c) of section 119E (1) but the application does not proceed and the
tenant consents to deliver up vacant possession of the premises, the
landlord shall be deemed, for the purpose of subsections (1), (8) and (9),
to have successfully opposed the grant of a new tenancy on a ground
specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of section 119E (1); and, for the
purpose of fixing the commencement of the period mentioned in subsection
(1), the date of the decision of the Tribunal declining to make an order
for the grant of a new tenancy shall be deemed to be the date on which the
landlord filed with the Tribunal his opposition to the grant of a new
tenancy. (Amended 32 of 1985 s. 21)
(8) A landlord who has successfully opposed the grant of a new tenancy on
a ground specified in paragraph (b) or (c) of section 119E (1) shall be
presumed, until the contrary is shown, to have knowledge of that
opposition, of the application for a new tenancy, of the grounds alleged
upon which the application and of any consent given by the tenant or sub-
tenant in connection with the delivery of vacant possession.
(9) Where a
landlord successfully opposes the grant of a new tenancy under section
119E (1) and it is subsequently made to appear to the Tribunal that the
opposition was successful by reason of the misrepresentation or
concealment of material facts or where the landlord is shown to have acted
in contravention of subsection (1), the Tribunal or, as the case may be,
the court referred to in subsection (4) may order the landlord to pay to
the former tenant such sum as it thinks fit by way of compensation for
damage or loss sustained by that tenant as a result of that opposition.
(Amended 32 of 1985 s. 21)
(10) Where a tenant obtains the grant of a new
tenancy under section 119D and it is subsequently made to appear to the
Tribunal that the grant was obtained by reason of the misrepresentation or
concealment of material facts, the Tribunal may order the tenant to pay to
the landlord such sum as it thinks fit by way of compensation for damage
or loss sustained by the landlord as a result of that grant.
119I. Duration of new tenancy
Where on an application under this Part the Tribunal makes an order for
the grant of a new tenancy, the new tenancy shall be such tenancy as may
be agreed between the landlord and the tenant, or, in default of such an
agreement, shall be such a tenancy as may be determined by the Tribunal to
be reasonable in all the circumstances, being a tenancy for a term not
exceeding 3 years, and shall begin on the coming to an end of the current
tenancy or such other date as may be agreed between the landlord and the
tenant or, in default of such agreement, as may be fixed by the Tribunal:
(Amended 29 of 1983 s. 38) Provided that, if there is a principal tenancy
which comes to an end within a term of 3 years, the Tribunal shall not
determine the duration of the tenancy to be longer than the term until the
principal tenancy comes to an end, less 3 days.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 33 U.K.]
119J. Other terms of new tenancy
The terms of a tenancy granted by order of the Tribunal under this Part
(other than terms as to the duration thereof and as to the rent payable
thereunder) shall be such as may be agreed between the landlord and the
tenant or as, in default of such agreement, may be determined by the
Tribunal; and in determining those terms the Tribunal shall have regard to
the terms of the current tenancy and to all relevant circumstances. [cf.
1954 c. 56 s. 35 U.K]
119K. Rent under new tenancy
(1) The rent payable under a new tenancy granted by order of the Tribunal
shall be such as may be agreed between the landlord and tenant or as, in
default of such agreement, may be determined by the Tribunal or by a
valuation surveyor appointed by the Tribunal, to be a prevailing market
rent.
(Amended 29 of 1983 s. 46)
(2) The determination of the rent by the valuation surveyor shall, upon a
copy of such determination being lodged with the Tribunal and the
Commissioner, be binding on the parties.
(3) The valuation surveyor appointed under subsection 91) shall be paid
such reasonable fee by the Registrar of the Tribunal as may be determined
by the Tribunal from moneys provided by the Legislative Council.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 34 U.K.]
119L. Endorsement of tenancy agreement
(1) Where the parties-
(a) on or after 10 June 1983, enter into a tenancy to which this Part
applies;
(b) agree a renewal of a tenancy under section 119C;
(c) execute a lease or agreement for a new tenancy as determined by the
Tribunal or agreed by them.
the landlord shall lodge with the Commissioner a notice in triplicate in
the specified form signed by the landlord; and the Commissioner shall
endorse the fact of receipt on 2 copies of the notice and return 1 copy to
the landlord and 1 copy to the tenant. (Replaced 29 of 1983 s. 39) (See
Form CR 109)
(1A) The notice mentioned in subsection (1) may be lodged-
(a) without charge, within 1 month after the event notified; or
(b) upon payment to the Commissioner of a fee of $500, at any time.
(Added 40 of 1984 s. 34)
(2) Subject to section 51A(6), a landlord shall not be entitled to
maintain an action to recover rent under an agreement mentioned in
subsection (1) unless a notice relating to that agreement is endorsed by
the Commissioner under that subsection. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 39)
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 34)
119M. Carrying out of order for new tenancy
(1) Where under this Part, the Tribunal makes an order for the grant of a
new tenancy, then, unless the tenant serves the notice mentioned in
subsection (2), the landlord shall be bound to execute or make in favour
of the tenant, and the tenant shall be bound to accept, a lease or
agreement for a tenancy of the premises embodying the terms agreed between
the landlord and the tenant or determined by the Tribunal or the valuation
surveyor in accordance with this Part; and where the landlord executes or
makes such a lease or agreement the tenant shall be bound, if so required
by the landlord, to execute a counterpart or duplicate thereof.
(2) Where the tenant, within 1 month after the determination of the terms
of the new tenancy, serves a notice in the specified form on the landlord
and the Tribunal stating that he does not wish to accept the new tenancy,
the order of the Tribunal shall have no effect and the current tenancy
shall continue for such period, not exceeding 2 months from the date of
delivery of the notice to the landlord, as the tenant shall state in the
notice. (See Form CR 106)
(3) While the current tenancy continues under subsection (2), it shall not
be a tenancy to which this Part applies.
(4) During the period from the date on which the current tenancy would,
apart from section 119N, have come to an end by virtue of a notice given
under section 119 (1) or under section 119A (5) until-
(a) the date on which the new tenancy begins; or, as the case may be,
(b) the date on which the current tenancy comes to an end under subsection
(2), the tenant shall be liable to pay the rent fixed in respect of the
new tenancy under section 119K:
Provided that, if the terms of the new tenancy, apart from rent, are
materially different from the terms of the current tenancy, the Tribunal
may, on the application of either party, order that the tenant shall be
liable to pay a reasonable rent which may be lesser or greater than the
rent fixed in respect of the new tenancy under section 119K.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 36 U.K.]
119N. Interim continuation of tenancies pending determination by Tribunal
(1) Subject to sections 119B (2), 119I and 119M 92), in any case where-
(Amended 29 of 1983 s. 40)
(a) a notice to terminate a tenancy has been given under section 119 or a
request for a new tenancy has been made under section 119A; and
(b) an application to the Tribunal has been made under section 117 (1);
and
(c) apart from this section, the effect of the notice or request would
be to terminate the tenancy before the expiration of the period of 3
months beginning with the date on which the application is finally
disposed of,
the effect of the notice or request shall be to terminate the tenancy at
the expiration of the said period of 3 months and not at any other time.
(2) The reference in paragraph (c) of subsection (1) to the date on which
an application is finally disposed of shall be construed as a reference to
the earliest date by which the proceedings on the application (including
any proceedings on or in consequence of an appeal) have been determined
and any time for appealing has expired, except that if the application is
withdrawn or any appeal is abandoned the reference shall be construed as a
reference to the date of the withdrawal or abandonment.
[cf. 1954 c. 56 s. 64 U.K.]
119NA. Rent where new tenancy refused etc.
(1) Where a tenant remains in possession of any premises after the date on
which the current tenancy would, apart from section 119N, have come to an
end by virtue of a notice given under section 119 (1) or under section
119A (5) and the Tribunal does not, for any reason, make an order for the
grant of a new tenancy, the tenant shall be liable to pay rent, as
determined by the Tribunal under subsection (2), for the period from that
date until the tenant delivers up vacant possession to the landlord.
(2)
The Tribunal may, on the application of the landlord or the tenant,
determine the rent payable by the tenant under subsection (1) and the
Tribunal shall determine that rent as the rent it would have determined if
it had ordered the grant of a new tenancy of the premises for a term of 2
years and otherwise on the same terms as the terms of the current tenancy.
(3) This section shall have effect in any proceedings pending in the
Tribunal on 10 June 1983.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 41)
119O. Short tenancies
Where the duration of a current tenancy is such that the time limits fixed
in this Part for the giving of notices are not appropriate, the Tribunal
may, on application, fix different time limits.
119P. Sub-tenancies
(1) Where a tenant has, in breach of the current tenancy, sublet the whole
or any part of the premises and the current tenancy is terminated under
this Part, the sub-tenancy shall also terminate.
(2) Where a tenant has, without breach of the current tenancy, sublet the
whole or any part of the premises and the sub-tenant has given notice in
the specified form to the landlord of his interest in the premises, a copy
of any notice of request given or made under sections 119, 119A, 119B and
119D and a copy of the application under section 117 (1) shall be served
on the sub-tenant; and-
(a) if the tenant fails to make a request for a new tenancy under section
119A, the sub-tenant may make a request for a new tenancy immediately from
the landlord;
(b)if the tenant fails to apply for a new tenancy under
section 117, the sub-tenant may apply for a new tenancy immediately from
the landlord. (See Form CR 107)
(3) Where a sub-tenant makes a request for
a new tenancy under section 119A and subsection (2), he may, in accordance
with this Part, apply to the Tribunal for a new tenancy immediately from
the landlord.
(4) In any application under section 117 by the tenant for a new tenancy,
a sub-tenant to whom the premises or any part thereof has been let without
breach of the current tenancy shall be entitled to be heard.
(5) Where, in an application under section 117 by the tenant for a new
tenancy, the Tribunal does not make an order for the grant of a new
tenancy to the tenant then-
(a) if the Tribunal does not make such an order
because the landlord has, under this Part, established either of the
grounds mentioned in paragraph (b) or (c) of section 119E (1), any sub-
tenancy shall terminate; and
(b) if the Tribunal does not make such an order other than because the
landlord has established either of the grounds mentioned in paragraph (b)
or (c) of section 119E (1), the Tribunal shall, on the application of a
sub-tenant, make an order for the grant of a new tenancy immediately from
the landlord to the sub-tenant unless, if the application had been by the
sub-tenant for a new tenancy from the tenancy, the Tribunal would not,
under section 119G, have make an order for the grant of a new tenancy:
Provided that, where a part only of the premises would remain in the
possession of a sub-tenant or sub-tenants if an order were made under this
paragraph, the Tribunal, on the application of the landlord, shall make an
rode for the grant of such a new tenancy to the sub-tenant, or the sub-
tenants jointly, only of the whole premises. (Amended 32 of 1985 s. 22)
(6) Where a sub-tenant applies, under section 117 and subsection (2) or
(3), for an order for the grant of a new tenancy immediately from the
landlord, the Tribunal shall make an order granting such a tenancy unless,
if the application had been by the sub-tenant for a new tenancy from the
tenant, the Tribunal would not, under section 119G, have made an order for
the grant of a new tenancy.
(7) Where the Tribunal makes an order granting to a sub-tenant a new
tenancy immediately from the landlord, the provisions of this Part shall
apply as if the order was made under section 119D.
(8) Notwithstanding any termination of a tenancy, a sub-tenancy granted
without breach of the current tenancy shall continue as between the
landlord and sub-tenant on the same terms as the sub-tenant held from the
tenant in the same way as a tenancy would continue under this Part.
(Amended 29 of 1983 s. 42)
(8A) Where a sub-tenant becomes the tenant immediately from the landlord,
either under a new tenancy or under subsection (8), any subletting on or
after 10 June 1983 under that tenancy by that tenant, without the written
permission of the landlord, shall be a breach of a condition of the
tenancy which is a cause of forfeiture. (Added 29 of 1983 s. 42)
(9) Subject to this section, a sub-tenancy shall not subsist for longer
than the tenancy under which it was granted.
119Q. Appeals
(1) Any party may appeal to the Court of Appeal against a determination of
the Tribunal on an application under section 117 (1) or against an order
under section 119F (5) or section 119H (9) or (10) on the ground that such
determination is erroneous in point of law.
(2) An appeal under this section shall be subject to the provisions of,
and any rules made under, the Lands Tribunal Ordinance (Cap. 17).
119R. Costs
In any proceedings under this part, the Tribunal shall not make any order
as to costs against a party unless that party has conducted his case in a
frivolous or vexatious manner.
119RA. Provision of rent receipts
(1) A landlord shall give to his tenant, at the time that the tenant pays
his rent, a receipt for the amount of the rent paid ant the receipt shall
contain-
(a) the name and address of the landlord;
(b) the period in respect of which such rent was paid; and
(c) the date of payment.
(2) A landlord who fails to comply with subsection (1) commits an offence
and is liable to a fine of $ 2,000.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 43)
119S. Proceedings
(1) Subject to subsection (2), neither the Commissioner nor any public
officer employed in the Rating and Valuation Department shall be called to
give evidence in proceedings before the Tribunal and no subpoena shall be
issued against the Commissioner or such public officer.
(2) The Commissioner or any public officer employed in the Rating and
Valuation Department may be called to give evidence in any proceedings
under section 51 (8), 117 (1) or 119F (5).
(3) The District Court shall have the jurisdiction mentioned in section
119H (3) and (4) notwithstanding anything in the District Court Ordinance
(Cap. 336).
(4) Subject to section 119Q, any determination or order of the Tribunal
under this Part shall be final.
120. General provisions
Sections 70, 70A, 70B, 70C, 71 and 74 shall apply to this Part as they
apply to Part II. (Amended 29 of 1983 s. 44; 40 of 1984 s. 35)
(Part IV replaced 76 of 1981 s. 52)
PART V TENANCY (NOTICE OF TERMINATION)
Interpretation
120A. Interpretation
In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires-
"business premises" means premises which are not domestic premises;
"Commissioner" means the Commissioner of Rating and Valuation; (Added 39
of 1979 s. 20)
"current rent" means the rent, exclusive of rates, payable
by a tenant at the date of an application under section 124B (1); (Added
39 of 1979 s. 20)
"domestic premises" means premises the subject of a separate letting
(including any bed-space, cubicle, room, floor or portion of a floor or
building) which are used wholly or primarily for human habitation:
Provided that the following shall not be deemed to be domestic premises
within the meaning of this definition-
(a) any building or portion of a building which is used for habitation
only by caretakers or watchmen not exceeding 2 in number;
(b) any building or portion of a building which is used for habitation
only by office attendants or their families;
(c) any particular portion of an hotel or boarding-house which is let by
the keeper of such hotel or boarding-house to a guest of such hotel or
boarding-house;
"landlord" includes any person, other than the Crown, who
is from time to time entitled to receive rent in respect of any premises
and, in relation to a particular tenant, means a person entitled to
receive rent from such a tenant; (Added 39 of 1979 s. 20)
"notice of termination" means a notice served under section 122 (1);
(Added 39 of 1979 s. 20)
"premises" means the subject matter of any tenancy; (Added 39 of 1979 s.
20)
"prevailing market rent" in relation to any premises means the rent,
exclusive of rates, at which they might reasonably be expected to be let,
at the date of an application under section 124B (1), on the terms of the
tenancy other than those relating to rent and duration of the tenancy but
disregarding the effect of sections 124A to 124C; (Added 39 of 1979 s. 20.
Amended 29 of 1983 s. 46)
"principal tenant" means a tenant of premises other than a Crown lessee,
who has or shall sublet any part or parts thereof as a separate holding or
holdings; (Added 39 of 1979 s. 20)
"Tribunal" means the Lands Tribunal established under the Lands Tribunal
Ordinance (Cap. 17). (Added 76 of 1981 s. 53)
(Added 39 of 1979 s. 19)
121. Application
(1) Save as otherwise provided in this section, this Part shall apply to
every tenancy (which expression shall wherever it occurs in this Part
include sub-tenancies unless the context otherwise requires) whether the
same be effected orally or in writing and notwithstanding any provision in
such tenancy, including any provision purporting specifically to exclude
the provisions of this Part.
(2) This Part shall not apply to the following-
(a) a tenancy for a fixed term of 3 years or more the agreement for which
contains no provision for earlier determination of the same other than for
breach of any of the provisions of the agreement or under a provision of
the tenancy allowing forfeiture or determination following the
destruction, or partial destruction, of or damage to the premises;
(Amended 40 of 1984 s. 36)
(b) a tenancy-
(i) of premises to which Part I applies; or
(ii) of premises in respect of which there is in existence an order under
section 4; (Replaced 24 of 1980 s. 4. Amended 29 of 1983 s. 45)
(ba) a tenancy to which Part II applies; (Added 6 of 1980 s. 16)
(c) a tenancy to which Part IV applies;
(d) a tenancy in respect of which a valid notice to quit was given prior
to 14 April 1962, including a tenancy arising by reason of a tenant
holding over in such circumstances;
(e) a tenancy of land unbuilt on but such a tenancy shall cease to be
excluded so soon as there is built on the land in accordance with the
provisions of the agreement for the tenancy any building of a permanent
nature;
(f) a tenancy of agricultural land, which expression shall have the
meaning assigned to it by the Rating Ordinance (Cap. 116), including such
a tenancy where there exists on the land any dwelling house occupied by
persons working the land;
(g) a tenancy where the landlord is the employer and the tenant is the
employee in possession of the premises in accordance with the terms and
conditions of his employment where such terms and conditions of his
employment where such terms and conditions require him to vacate the
accommodation upon ceasing to be so employed;
(h) a tenancy held from the Crown;
(i) (Repealed 29 of 1983 s. 45)
(j) a tenancy authorized by the Commissioner under section 53 (7A) (a)
(ii); (Added 29 of 1983 s. 45)
(k) a tenancy in respect of which the agreement has been endorsed by the
Commissioner under section 116 (4); and (Added 29 of 1983 s. 45)
(l) a tenancy authorized by the Commissioner under section 119H (2) (a).
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 45)
(3) This Part shall not apply to a tenancy in writing-
(a) for a fixed term not exceeding 1 year; and
(b) which-
(i) has been entered into for a period during which, or for most of which,
the landlord will be absent from Hong Kong; or
(ii) is in respect of premises which the landlord intends to rebuild and
is for a period pending that rebuilding; or
(iii) is in respect of premises normally occupied or intended to be
occupied by the landlord but is temporarily surplus to his requirements;
or
(iv) is entered into in circumstances which are special having regard to
the particular purposes of the landlord and the particular needs of the
tenant. (Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 36)
(4) A dispute as to whether a tenancy is excluded under subsection (3)
shall not be justiciable in the courts but shall be determined by the
Commissioner in a summary manner on application in writing to him and his
decision shall be final and binding. (Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 36)
(5) Any public officer or class of public officer employed in the Rating
and Valuation Department and authorized in writing in that behalf by the
Commissioner may exercise the powers of the Commissioner under subsection
(4). (Added 40 of 1984 s. 36) (14 of 1962 s. 2 incorporated)
122. Minimum length of notice to determine tenancy
(1) (a) Save where vacant possession is given up or where a tenant
surrenders his tenancy in exchange for a new tenancy no tenancy, whether
existing on 14 April 1962 or created thereafter, shall cease or be
determined without a written notice of termination being served by the
landlord or tenant on the other party. (Amended 39 of 1979 s. 21; 52 of
1981 s. 12)
(b) The notice shall be served by the landlord, not less than 6 months, or
by the tenant, not less than 1 month, before the day on which it is to
take effect. (Added 52 of 1981 s. 12)
(c) A tenancy for a fixed term shall not cease at the end of that term
unless notice is served by the landlord, not less than 6 months, or by the
tenant, not less than 1 month, before that end. (Added 52 of 1981 s. 12)
(2) Nothing in this section shall be construed as permitting any tenancy
to be determined earlier than would have been the case had this Part not
been enacted or, subject to sections 124A to 124C, as affording any tenant
any security of tenancy beyond the period of 6 months required for a
notice of termination. (Amended 39 of 1979 s. 21; 52 of 1981 s. 12)
(3) Where notice of termination is served on a tenant and in addition is
posted on 3 successive days, together with a copy in Chinese, upon the
main door or entrance of the premises affected, such notice of termination
shall, subject to sections 124A to 124C, take effect terminating also any
sub-tenancies created under the tenancy to which it relates. (Amended 39
of 1979 s. 21)
(4) When but for subsection (1) a tenancy would have terminated, the
tenancy shall continue-
(a) at the same rent until a notice of termination expires or but for an
order under section 124B (2) would have expired; and
(b) thereafter, where an order is made under section 124B (2), at a rent
payable in accordance with section 124C (1),
upon such of the covenants, conditions and other terms of the original
tenancy as are appropriate to a month to month tenancy, together with, in
the absence of any express covenant for the payment of rent and condition
of forfeiture, the covenant and condition implied in every tenancy by
section 126. (Replaced 39 of 1979 s. 21)
(5) A notice of termination may be served in any manner which would
constitute effective service of a notice to quit but shall not be valid if
served in respect of any premises before they become subject to this Part.
(Amended 39 of 1979 s. 21)
(6) (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 54)
(7) Where a notice of termination served prior to 18 December 1979 is due
to expire on or after that date, and before the expiration of the notice
the tenancy becomes subject to Part II by virtue of the Landlord and
Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1980 (6 of 1980), the notice
of termination shall cease to be of any effect. (Added 6 of 1980 s. 17)
(14 of 1962 s. 3 incorporated) (For savings and transitional provisions
see 39 of 1979 s. 25 (3))
123. Exclusion of tenancies from this Part
(1) (Repealed 52 of 1981 s. 13) (For savings see 52 of 1981 s. 13 (2)) (2)
The Governor in Council may in his absolute discretion by order exclude
from the further application of this Part or of any provisions contained
in this Part any class of tenancy, and class of premises or any particular
tenancy or premises. (Amended 39 of 1979 s. 22)
(3) (Repealed 52 of 1981 s. 13) (For savings see 52 of 1981 s. 13 (2)) (14
of 1962 s. 4 incorporated. Amended 18 of 1974 s. 5)
124. Landlord may substitute notice
Where subsequent to the giving of a notice by the landlord under section
122 the tenancy is excluded from the application of this Part, the
landlord may thereupon substitute for such notice a notice to quit of such
duration as would validly determine the tenancy but for the enactment of
this Part. Such substituted notice shall take effect notwithstanding the
existence of the notice given under section 122.
(14 of 1962 s. 5 incorporated)
124A. Application of sections 124A, 124B and 124C
(1) Subject to subsection (2), this section applies to business premises
which-
(a) are excluded from Part I by section 3 (1) (i); and
(b) are used partly for human habitation. (Replaced 40 of 1984 s. 37)
(2) This section does not apply to business premises which have, at any
time since the publication of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation)
(Amendment) Ordinance 1979 (39 of 1979) as a Bill in the Gazette, been
used wholly for purposes other than human habitation.
(3) For the purpose of determining whether premises are or have been used
for human habitation within the meaning of subsection (1) (b) or (2) the
following types of habitation shall be disregarded-
(a) habitation by caretakers or watchmen;
(b) habitation by office attendants or their families;
(c) habitation by a guest of an hotel or boarding house of a particular
portion of the hotel or boarding house which is let to him by the keeper
of the hotel or boarding house.
(Added 39 of 1979 s. 23)
124B. Tenant may apply for notice of termination not to take effect
(1) Where a tenant of premises to which section 124A applies is served
with a notice of termination, he may apply to the Tribunal not later than
3 months before the notice of termination is to take effect for an order
under subsection (2).
(2) Subject to subsection (3), upon the application of a tenant under
subsection (1), the Tribunal shall make an order that the notice of
termination which has been served upon him shall not take effect and that
no further notice of termination shall be served upon him in respect of
the same premises until a period of 1 year, or such lesser period as the
Tribunal may specify, has elapsed since the first mentioned notice was
served upon him.
(3) The Tribunal shall refuse to make an order under subsection (2) if the
landlord satisfies it that-
(a) the tenant has committed a breach of covenant or condition of the
tenancy which is, or would but for the service of a notice of termination
have been, a cause for forfeiture;
(b) the premises are required by the landlord for occupation as a
residence for-
(i) himself;
(ii) his father or mother; or
(iii) any son or daughter of his over 18 years of age:
Provided that the Tribunal shall, notwithstanding that the circumstances
of the case fall within this paragraph, make an order under subsection (2)
if it is satisfied that, having regard to all the circumstances of the
case, including whether other accommodation is available for the persons
for whose occupation the premises are required, greater hardship would be
caused by refusing to make such an order than by making it;
(c) the tenant has caused-
(i) to the landlord by non-payment of rent or otherwise; or
(ii) to any occupant of the premises,
unnecessary annoyance, inconvenience or disturbance which has continued
after a warning in writing has been served by the landlord on the tenant;
or
(d) the landlord intends to rebuild the premises. (Added 32 of 1985 s. 23)
(Added 39 of 1979 s. 23 Amended 76 of 1981 s. 55; 32 of 1985 s. 23)
124C. Rent where notice of termination is ordered not to take effect
(1) Where the Tribunal makes an order under section 124B (2) in respect of
any premises there shall be payable, by way of rent for those premises
from the date upon which the tenancy would but for the order have ceased,
an amount equivalent to-
(a) the aggregate of the following-
(i) the prevailing market rent of the premises; and
(ii) where the rates in respect of the premises are payable by the
landlord, the amount of the rates; or
(b) the aggregate of the following-
(i) the current rent of the premises;
(ii) one-third of the current rent of the premises, disregarding any cents
included in the quotient; and
(iii) where the rates in respect of the premises are payable by the
landlord, the amount of the rates,
whichever is the lesser.
(2) Where the Tribunal makes an order under section 124B (2) in respect of
any premises it shall proceed to determine the new rent for the premises
calculated in accordance with subsection (1).
(Added 39 of 1979 s. 23 Amended 76 of 1981 s. 56; 29 of 1983 s. 46)
125. (Repealed 52 of 1981 s. 14) (For savings see 52 of 1981 s. 14 (2))
126. Covenant to pay rent to be implied
In the absence of any express covenant for the payment of rent and
condition for forfeiture, there shall be implied in every tenancy a
covenant to pay the rent on the due date and a condition for forfeiture
for non-payment within 15 days of the due date. (Added 37 of 1965 s. 3)
127. Saving of rights arising out of breach of tenancy
Nothing contained in this Part shall affect any right or remedy arising,
either before or after 14 April 1962 out of any breach of condition or
other term in any tenancy or out of any condition providing for a right of
re-entry in the event of the tenant's business being wound up, the tenant
suffering execution to be levied or a receiving order in bankruptcy to be
made, assigning the lease for the benefit of creditors or entering any
agreement or making any arrangement with creditors for the liquidation of
debts by composition or otherwise:
Provided that a covenant to yield up possession on a specified date shall
be construed as a covenant to yield up possession on such later date as
may be necessary to permit the giving of notice of termination as required
by this Part.
(14 of 1962 s. 6 incorporated)
127A. Tribunal may determine disputes
The Tribunal on the application of a landlord, tenant or sub-tenant may-
(Amended 76 of 1981 s. 57)
(a) entertain and determine any dispute or difference which may arise
under this Part between a landlord and a tenant, or a tenant and a sub-
tenant, or any of them, including any dispute as to the rent that is
payable for, or the right to possession of, any premises; (Amended 32 of
1985 s. 24)
(b) apportion any rent which becomes payable under section 124C (1);
(c) entertain and determine concurrently with any other application, any
application for the payment of rent or mesne profits of any premises to
which this Part applies, and make such order thereon, subject to section
127B, as the Tribunal shall think fit. (Added 39 of 1979 s. 24)
127B. Sub-tenants not to have greater security than tenants
Nothing in this Part shall afford to any subtenant any security of tenure
greater than that enjoyed by his principal tenant.
(Added 39 of 1979 s. 24)
PART VI SMALL TENEMENTS RECOVERY
128. Interpretation
In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires-
"agent" includes any person usually employed by the owner in the
management of his property, or in the letting of the premises, or in the
collection of the rents thereof, or specially authorized to act in the
particular matter by writing under the hand of such owner;
"Collector of Rates" has the meaning assigned to it in section 2 of the
Rating Ordinance (Cap. 116); (Added 37 of 1986 s. 7)
"house" includes a matshed or other structure;
"owner" means the person entitled to the immediate reversion or, in cases
within section 132, to the possession of the premises, or, if the property
is held in joint tenancy or tenancy in common, means any one of the
persons entitled to such reversion or possession;
"premises" means lands (including leaseholds), houses, and other corporeal
hereditaments;
"rateable value" means-
(a) in the case of premises being a tenement included in a valuation list
maintained by the Collector of Rates under section 14A of the Rating
Ordinance (Cap. 116), the rateable value shown in that list; or
(b) in any other case, the rateable value certified under section 128A;
(Added 37 of 1986 s. 7)
"warrant" means a warrant issued under section 131.
(27 of 1897 s. 2 incorporated)
[cf. 1838 c. 74 s. 7 U. K.]
128A. Certificate as to rateable value
For the purposes of ascertaining the rateable value of any premises in
connection with any proceedings under section 129 or 132 a certificate
purporting to be under the hand of an officer of the Rating and Valuation
Department not below the rank of Rent Officer showing in respect of any
particular day-
(a) in the case of premises being a tenement included in a valuation list
maintained by the Collector of Rates under section 14A of the Rating
Ordinance (Cap. 116), the rateable value shown in that list; or
(b) in any other case, whether or not the rateable value of those premises
exceeds the sum mentioned in section 129 or 132, as the case may be, shall
be admissible in any proceedings on its production and without further
proof and shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.
(Added 37 of 1986 s. 8)
129. Summoning of tenant of premises with a rateable value not exceeding
$ 30,000 unlawfully holding over
When and so soon as the term or interest of a tenant of any house, land,
or other premises, held by him at will or for any term not exceeding 7
years, with a rateable value at the time of an application by an owner
under this section not exceeding $30,000, and upon which no fine has been
reserved or made payable, has ended or has been duly determined by a legal
notice to quit or otherwise, and the tenant, or (if the tenant does not
actually occupy the premises or only occupies a part thereof) any person
by whom the same or any part thereof is then actually occupied,
notwithstanding that demand for possession has been made, refuses or
neglects to quit and deliver up possession of the premises or of such part
thereof respectively, the District Court may on application being made by
the owner of such premises or his agent, issue an originating summons
requiring the person alleged to be in possession of the premises to appear
at a certain time and place before the District Court to show cause why he
should not quit and deliver up possession of the premises.
(27 of 1897 s. 3 incorporated. Amended 4 of 1951 s. 6; 35 of 1969
Schedule; 37 of 1986 s. 9)
[cf. 1838 c. 74 s. I U. K.]
130. Service of originating summons
An originating summons issued under section 129 may be served either
personally or by leaving the same with some person being in and apparently
residing at the place of abode of the defendant:
Provided that if the defendant cannot be found, and the place of abode of
the defendant is not known or admission thereto cannot be obtained for
serving the originating summons, the posting up of the originating summons
on some conspicuous part of the premises shall be deemed to be good
service on the defendant.
(27 of 1897 s. 4 incorporated. Amended 51 of 1911; 2 of 1912 Schedule; 27
of 1937 Schedule; 37 of 1986 s. 10)
[cf. 1838 c. 74 s. 2 U. K.]
131. Issue of warrant for possession of premises
If the person served with an originating summons under section 130 does
not appear before the District Court at the time and place mentioned in
the originating summons, or fails, to show cause why he should not quit
and deliver up possession of the premises, the District Court may issue
its warrant to any bailiff of the High Court or the District Court,
commanding him to enter (by force, if needful) into the premises, and give
possession of the same to the owner thereof or his agent: (Amended 37 of
1986 s. 11)
Provided that-
(a) entry, upon a warrant, shall not be made at any time except between 9
a. m. and 5 p. m.;
(b) nothing herein contained shall be deemed to protect any person on
whose application a warrant may be granted from any action which may be
brought against him by a tenant or occupier for and in respect of such
entry and taking possession, where such person had not, at the time of
granting the same, lawful right to the possession of the said premises.
(27 of 1897 s. 5 incorporated. Amended 50 of 1911 s. 4; 51 of 1911 s. 4; 1
of 1912 Schedule; 21 of 1912 s. 2; 29 of 1962 s. 2; 35 of 1969 Schedule;
92 of 1975 s. 59) [cf. 1838 c. 74 s. 1 U. K.]
132. Recovery of land in case of illegal encroachment or inclosure with a
rateable value not exceeding $ 30,000
When any person by whom any illegal encroachment or inclosure has been
made upon the land of another person, the rateable value of which at the
time of any demand made under this section does not exceed $ 30,000,
refuses or neglects, upon demand made, to quit and deliver up possession
of the same, or any part thereof, to the owner of such land or his agent,
the possession thereof may be recovered by such owner or agent under this
Part, in like manner as if the occupier of such encroachment or inclosure
were the tenant of premises the possession of which is recoverable under
this Part, whose term or interest had ended.
(27 of 1897 s. 6 incorporated. Amended 4 of 1951 Schedule; 37 of 1986 s.
12)
132A. Amendment of sections 129 and 132 by Legislative Council
The Legislative Council may by resolution amend the sums mentioned in
sections 129 and 132.
(Added 37 of 1986 s. 13)
133. Stay of warrant
In every case in which the person on whose application, or on whose
behalf, a warrant is granted had not, at the time of granting the same,
lawful right to the possession of the premises, the obtaining of the
warrant shall be deemed a trespass by him against the tenant or occupier
of the premises, although no entry may be made by virtue of the warrant;
and, in case any such tenant or occupier will become bound with 2 sureties
as hereinafter provided, to be approved of by the District Court, in such
sum as to it may seem reasonable (regard being had to the value of the
premises and to the probable costs of an action), to sue the person on
whose application, or on whose behalf, the warrant was granted, with
effect and without delay, and to pay all the costs of the proceedings in
the action in case judgment shall pass for the defendant or the plaintiff
shall discontinue or nor prosecute his action or become nonsuit therein,
execution of the warrant shall be delayed until judgment has been given in
the action; and if, on the trial of the action, judgment passes for the
plaintiff, the judgment shall supersede the warrant so granted, and the
plaintiff shall be entitled to reasonable damages in the action.
(27 of 1897 s. 7 incorporated. Amended 35 of 1969 Schedule)
[cf. 1838 c. 74 s. 3 U.K.]
134. Giving of bond and proceedings thereon
Every such bond as herein before mentioned shall be made to the
complainant or his agent at the cost of such complainant or agent, and
shall be approved of and attested by the District Court, and if the bond
so taken is forfeited or if, on the trial of the action for securing the
trial of which such bond was given, the judge by whom it is tried does not
certify that the condition of the bond has been fulfilled, the party to
whom the bond has been so made may bring an action and recover thereon;
(Amended 35 of 1969 Schedule)
Provided that the court where such action as last aforesaid is brought
may, by an order, give such relief to the parties upon such bond as may be
agreeable to justice, and such order shall have the nature and effect of a
defeasance to such bond.
(27 of 1897 s. 8 incorporated)
[cf. 1838 c. 74 s. 4 U.K.]
135. Protection of District Court and bailiff acting under this Part
No action or prosecution shall be brought against the District Court by
whom a warrant is issued, or against a bailiff by whom the warrant is
executed, for issuing the warrant or executing the same respectively, by
reason that the person on whose application, or on whose behalf, the
warrant is granted had not lawful right to the possession of the premises.
(27 of 1897 s. 9 incorporated. Amended 29 of 1962 s. 3; 35 of 1969
Schedule) [cf. 1838 c. 74 s. 5 U.K.]
136. Recovery of bailiff's expenses
The expenses incurred by a bailiff in the execution of a warrant may be
recovered from the complainant.
(Added 29 of 1962 s. 4)
PART VII MISCELLANEOUS
136A. Remission and refund of fees
(1) All fees payable to the Commissioner of Rating and Valuation under
this Ordinance are due at the time the application or submission to which
the fee relates is made to him, but where in any particular case the
Commissioner is of the opinion that a fee payable ought to be wholly or
partly remitted or, having been paid, ought to be refunded, he may so
direct. (Added 32 of 1985 s. 25. Amended 37 of 1986 s. 14)
(2) Any public
officer or class of public officer employed in the Rating and Valuation
Department and authorized in writing in that behalf by the Commissioner
may exercise the powers of the Commissioner conferred on him by this
section. (Added 37 of 1986 s. 14)
137. Provisions transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) (No. 2) Ordinance 1981
(1) A District Court or tenancy tribunal which has heard or commenced to
hear any matter or proceeding which, by the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) (No. 2) Ordinance 1981 (76 of 1981), becomes a
matter or proceeding within the jurisdiction of the Lands Tribunal or the
Commissioner of Rating and Valuation shall continue to have jurisdiction
in relation to, and shall dispose of, such matter or proceeding as if the
Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) (No. 2) Ordinance 1981 (76
of 1981) had not been enacted.
(2) Any matter or proceeding pending before a District Court or tenancy
tribunal but which a District Court or tenancy tribunal has not heard or
commenced to hear and which, by the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation)
(Amendment) (No. 2) Ordinance 1981 (76 of 1981), becomes a matter or
proceeding within the jurisdiction of the Lands Tribunal or the
Commissioner of Rating and Valuation shall be continued before the Lands
Tribunal or Commissioner, as the case may be; and the Lands Tribunal may
give such directions as it thinks fit as to the lodging or filing of
papers and otherwise in relation to the procedure in such a matter or
proceeding. (76 of 1981 s. 59 incorporated)
138. Effect of substitution of "prevailing market rent" for "fair market
rent"
"Prevailing market rent", where it appears in any provision of this
Ordinance, shall be construed in the same manner as was "fair market rent"
in that provision before 10 June 1983.
(Added 29 of 1983 s. 46)
139. Provisions transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1983
(1) Sections 2 and 11 (e) (i) of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation)
(Amendment) Ordinance 1983 (29 of 1983) ("the amending Ordinance 1983")
shall not affect any proceedings commenced in the Lands Tribunal before 10
June 1983.
(2) Section 11 (e) (ii) and (f), section 30 (c) (i) and section 45 (c) of
the amending Ordinance 1983 shall not affect any tenancy or sub-tenancy
ratified under section 50 (7) before 10 June 1983.
(3) Section 15 (b) (vi) of the amending Ordinance 1983, so far as it adds
new paragraph (h) to section 53 (2), shall apply to a case where the
tenant has sublet before 10 June 1983 as it applies to a case where the
tenant has sublet on or after 10 June 1983.
(4) Sections 15 (b) (iii) and
15 (f) of the amending Ordinance 1983 shall have effect in any proceedings
pending in the Lands Tribunal on 10 June 1983.
(5) Section 15 (c) of the amending Ordinance 1983 shall have effect in any
proceedings pending in the Lands Tribunal on 10 June 1983.
(6) Section 15 (g) of the amending Ordinance 1983, so far as it refers to
tenancies or sub-tenancies arising under section 53 (6A), shall have
effect in any proceedings pending in any court or tribunal on 10 June
1983.
(7) Section 15 (h), (i) and (j) of the amending Ordinance 1983-
(a) shall not apply to an order mentioned in section 53 (7) obtained
before 10 June 1983; and
(b) subject to paragraph (a), shall apply to any use or continued use on
or after 10 June 1983.
(8) Sections 13 (a) and 30 of the amending Ordinance 1983 shall have
effect in any proceedings pending in any court or tribunal on 10 June
1983.
(9) Section 20 (b) of the amending Ordinance 1983 shall not apply to
applications under section 57 received by the Commissioner before 19
December 1983.
(10) Sections 33 and 35 of the amending Ordinance 1983 shall have effect
in any proceedings pending in the Lands Tribunal on 10 June 1983.
(11) Section 37 of the amending Ordinance 1983-
(a) shall not apply to a case where the decision of the Lands Tribunal is
made before 10 June 1983; and
(b) subject to paragraph (a), shall apply to any use or continued use on
or after 10 June 1983.
(29 of 1983 s. 49 incorporated)
140. Provisions transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1984
(1) Section 2 of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment)
Ordinance 1984 (40 of 1984) ("the amending Ordinance 1984") shall not
affect any proceedings commenced in the Lands Tribunal before 1 July 1984.
(2) Section 3 of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall not apply to
applications under section 7A (which it repeals) received by the
Commissioner before 1 July 1984.
(3) Sections 7,9,10,18 and 28 of the
amending Ordinance 1984 shall apply to any document (except a notice under
section 55 as amended) executed before 1 July 1984 as they apply to
documents executed on or after that date.
(4) Sections 13, 14 (a), 31, 32 (c) and (d) and 36 (a) of the amending
Ordinance 1984 shall have effect in any proceedings pending in any court
or tribunal on 1 July 1984 or commenced on or after that date.
(5) Section 17 of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall apply to tenancies and
sub-tenancies entered into before 1 July 1984 as it applies to tenancies
and sub-tenancies entered into on or after that date.
(6) Sections 19, 20 and 33 of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall have
effect in any proceedings pending in the Lands Tribunal on 1 July 1984 or
commenced on or after that date.
(7) Section 21 of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall have effect in any
proceedings pending in any court or tribunal on 1 July 1984 or commenced
on or after that date.
(8) Section 22 of the amending Ordinance 1984
shall apply to alterations in rent taking effect before 1 July 1984 as it
applies to alterations taking effect on or after that date.
(9) Section 23 of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall not apply to
applications under section 57 received by the Commissioner before 19
December 1984.
(10) Section 34 of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall apply to an event
mentioned in section 119L as amended occurring before 1 July 1984 as it
applies to such an event occurring on or after that date.
(11) Section 36 (b) of the amending Ordinance 1984 shall not apply to
tenancies and sub-tenancies entered into before 1 July 1984.
(40 of 1984 s. 38 incorporated)
141. Provisions transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1985
(1) Section 2 of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment)
Ordinance 1985 (32 of 1985) ("the amending Ordinance 1985") shall not
apply in respect of any notice served under section 10 (1A) before 1 July
1985.
(2) Section 3 (a) of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall not apply in
respect of any agreement lodged under section 18 (2) (c) before 1 July
1985.
(3) Section 4 (b) of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall not apply in
respect of any proposed agreement a copy of which is submitted under
section 28 (2) before 1 July 1985.
(4) Section 9 of the amending
Ordinance 1985 shall apply in relation to a fee paid under section 51 (4B)
(b) before 1 July 1985 as it applies in relation to a fee paid on or after
that date.
(5) Section 11 (b) of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall not apply in
respect of any agreement lodged under section 52A (2) (b) before 1 July
1985.
(6) Sections 13, 20, 21 (b) and 26 of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall
have effect in relation to proceedings pending on 1 July 1985 as they have
effect in relation to proceedings commenced on or after that date.
(7) Section 14 (b) of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall not apply in
respect of a notice lodged under section 55 (1) before 1 July 1985.
(8) Section 15 of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall not apply in respect
of applications under section 57 that are received by the Commissioner of
Rating and Valuation before 19 December 1985.
(9) Section 17 of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall apply in relation to a
sub-tenancy created before 1 July 1985 as it applies in relation to a sub-
tenancy created on or after that date.
(10) Section 19 (a) of the amending Ordinance 1985 shall not apply in
respect of a tenancy that is submitted before 1 July 1985 for endorsement
under section 116 (4).
(11) Section 25 of the amending Ordinance 1985
shall not apply in relation to any fee paid before 1 July 1985, or payable
on or after that date by reason of anything occurring before that date.
(32 of 1985 s. 28 incorporated)
142. Provisions transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1986
(1) Section 2 of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment)
Ordinance 1986 (37 of 1986) ("the amending Ordinance 1986") shall not
apply in respect of any notice served under section 10 (1A) before 1
August 1986. (2) Section 3 of the amending Ordinance 1986 shall not apply
in respect of any application under section 57 received by the
Commissioner before 19 December 1986.
(3) Section 6 of the amending Ordinance 1986 shall not apply in respect of
any request for a warrant under section 101 before 1 August 1986.
(4) Sections 9, 10 and 11 of the amending Ordinance 1986 shall not apply
to an application by or on behalf of an owner under section 129 made
before 1 August 1986.
(5) Section 12 of the amending Ordinance 1986 shall not apply to an
application by or on behalf of an owner under section 132 made before 1
August 1986.
(37 of 1986 s. 15 incorporated)
143. Provision transitional to the enactment of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance 1988
Section 2 of the Landlord and Tenant (Consolidation) (Amendment) Ordinance
1988 (77 of 1988) shall not apply in respect of any notice served under
section 10 (1A) before the commencement of that Ordinance.
(77 of 1988 s. 10 incorporated)
FIRST SCHEDULE (Repealed 76 of 1981 s. 58)
SECOND SCHEDULE [s. 47]
Form 1 [s. 19 (1)]
NOTICE OF RENT PAYABLE BY PRINCIPAL TENANT TO LANDLORD
To all tenants in occupation of
[1]---------
YOU ARE INFORMED, in accordance with section 19 (1) of the Landlord and
Tenant (Consolidation) Ordinance, that the rent payable by me,
to [2]
my landlord in respect of
[1] . is
dollars per
[3]
and is made up
as follows-
(1) Standard rent is
dollars per
[3]
(2) Permitted increase (s) is/are-
[4]
Dated the day of , 19
Principal Tenant.
NOTES.
[1] Identify premises.
[2] Give full name and address of landlord.
[3] State whether per week, month, etc.
[4] Give particulars of any permitted increase and state authority for
charging the same (i. e. section of Ordinance or date of decision of
tribunal).
Form 2 [s. 21]
To the principal tenant
in occupation of
NOTICE OF TERMINATION OF PRINCIPAL TENANCY
I/WE HEREBY TERMINATE the tenancy of you (name)
the principal
tenant of the above premises, under section 21 of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) Ordinance and require you peaceably to deliver up the
premises [on or before the expiration of one month from the third
consecutive day of posting this notice on the main door or entrance,
namely on or before the , 19 *].
You may elect either to deliver up the whole of the premises or to
retain for your own use any part of the premises used by you before
service of the notice for your own occupation. If you retain such portion
you will pay a proportionate part of the rent previously paid to me/us
with an addition of 30% under the Ordinance and will be a monthly tenant.
You are required to elect by notice in writing to me/us within 14 days of
service of this notice.
*[Substitute, if a period of notice is required by the contract
between the landlord and the principal tenant-
on or before the , 19 ]
To all tenants and sub-tenants in
occupation of
TAKE NOTICE that with effect from the said date
the 19, you will be a tenant of me/us upon the same
terms and conditions as you were a tenant of the principal tenant and the
permitted rent under the Ordinance is thereafter to be paid to me/us.
I/we shall be responsible for any obligations previously undertaken by
the principal tenant.
Sgd.
Address Date
(Second Schedule added 22 of 1953 s. 33)
THIRD SCHEDULE (Repealed 93 of 1975 s. 20)
FOURTH SCHEDULE [s. 80]
Fees to be levied in distraints for rent
Sum used for Fee for every affidavit, Commission on
warrant to distrain,
notice or other document sum realized
Under $ 5,000.00 $ 60.00
$10.00 for every
$ 5,000.00 or above but $ 120.00 $100.00 or
under $ 20,000.00 part thereof.
$ 20,000.00 or above $ 250.00
1. This scale does not include auctioneer's commission and expenses
but includes all other expenses, except in actions where the tenant
disputes the landlord's claim and witnesses have to be subpoenaed, in
which case an additional fee for each subpoena is payable at $ 50.00.
2. Where watchmen are kept in charge of property distrained, a fee of
$300.00 per day or part thereof is payable for each watchman.
3. Where property is removed and stored, the necessary expenses are
payable according to actual expenditure.
4. Expenses for conveyance or transportation shall be payable
according to actual expenditure plus 20% as administrative charges.
(Replaced 32 of 1985 s. 26. Amended L.N. 103 of 1988; L.N. 39 of 1991;
L.N. 355 of 1992)
FIFTH SCHEDULE
FORM 1 [s. 82]
AFFIDAVIT IN SUPPORT OF APPLICATION FOR WARRANT OF DISTRESS
In the District Court of Hong Kong
Holden at
A. B., Plaintiff
v.
C. D., Defendant
I, A. B., an inhabitant of , make oath and say that C.D. of
, is justly indebted to in the sum of $ for
arrears of rent of
the house and premises No. situate at
in the due for months, to wit, from the
day of , 19 , to the day of , 19 , at
the rate of per mensem.
(Signed) A. B.
Sworn before me
at on the day of
, 19
(Signed)
(Amended 1 of 1953 Fourth Schedule)
FORM 2 [s. 83]
WARRANT OF DISTRESS
In the District Court of Hong Kong
Holden at
To E. F., Bailiff of the court.
I hereby direct you to distrain the goods and chattels on the premises
of C. D. situate at in the for the sum of
$ being the amount of months' rent due to A.B. for the same on the
day of , 19
, according to the provisions of Part III of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) Ordinance, Chapter 7.
Before proceeding to distrain under this warrant, you shall demand
payment of the amount endorsed hereon.
Dated the day of , 19 .
[L. S.] (Signed)
(Amended 1 of 1953 Fourth Schedule)
FORM 3 [s. 89]
NOTICE UNDER SECTION 89
In the District Court of Hong Kong
Holden at
To. C. D.
Take notice that I have this day seized the goods and chattels
contained in the attached inventory and appraisement, for the sum of $
being the amount of months' rent due to A. B. on the day of ,19 ,
an that unless you pay that amount together with the costs of this
distress within 5 days from the date thereof, or obtain an order from the
court to the contrary, the same will be sold on the day of ,19 ,
pursuant to the provisions of Part III of the Landlord and Tenant
(Consolidation) Ordinance, Chapter 7.
Dated the day of , 19
(Signed) E.F.
(Amended 1 of 1953 Fourth Schedule)
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