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TORREMOLINOS INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF FISHINGVESSELS, 1977
TORREMOLINOS INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF FISHINGVESSELS, 1977
Regulation 49 Bilge Pumping Arrangements
(1) An efficient bilge pumping plant shall be provided which under all
practical conditions shall be capable of pumping from and draining any
watertight compartment which is neither a permanent oil tank nor a
permanent water tank whether the vessel is upright or listed. Wing
suctions shall be provided if necessary for that purpose. Arrangements
shall be provided for easy flow of water to the suction pipes. Provided
the Administration is satisfied that the safety of the vessel is not
impaired the bilge pumping arrangements may be dispensed with in
particular compartments.
(2) (a) At least two independently driven power bilge pumps shall be
provided, one of which may be driven by the main engine. A ballast pump or
other general service pump of sufficient capacity may be used as a power
driven bilge pump.
(b) Power bilge pumps shall be capable of giving a speed of water
of at least 2 metres per second through the main bilge pipe which shall
have an internal diameter of at least:
d=25+1.68 ¡ÌL(B+D)
where: d is the internal diameter in millimetres, and L, B and D
are in metres.
(c) Each of the bilge pumps provided in accordance with this
Regulation shall be provided with a direct bilge suction, one of these
suctions drawing from the port side of the machinery space and the other
from the starboard side, except that in the case of a vessel of less than
75 metres in length only one bilge pump need be provided with a direct
bilge suction.
(d) No bilge suction shall have an inside diameter of less than 50
millimetres. The arrangement and sizing of the bilge system shall be such
that the full rated capacity of the pump specified above can be applied to
each of the watertight compartments located between the collision and
afterpeak bulkheads.
(3) A bilge ejector in combination with an independently driven high
pressure sea-water pump may be installed as a substitute for one
independently driven bilge pump required by paragraph (2) (a), provided
this arrangement is to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(4) In vessels where fish handling or processing may cause quantities
of water to accumulate in enclosed spaces, adequate drainage shall be
provided.
(5) Bilge pipes shall not be led through fuel oil, ballast or double
bottom tanks, unless these pipes are of heavy gauge steel construction.
(6) Bilge and ballast pumping systems shall be arranged so as to
prevent water passing from the sea or from water ballast spaces into holds
or into machinery spaces or from one watertight compartment to another.
The bilge connexion to any pump which draws from the sea or from water
ballast spaces shall be fitted with either a non-return valve or a cock
which cannot be opened simultaneously either to the bilges and to the sea
or to the bilges and water ballast spaces. Valves in bilge distribution
boxes shall be of a non-return type.
(7) Any bilge pipe piercing a collision bulkhead shall be fitted with
a positive means of closing at the bulkhead with remote control from the
working deck with an indicator showing the position of the valve provided
that, if the valve is fitted on the after side of the bulkhead and is
readily accessible under all service conditions, the remote control may be
dispensed with.
Regulation 50 Protection against Noise
Measures shall be taken to reduce the effects of noise upon personnel
in machinery spaces to levels satisfactory of the Administration.
Regulation 51 Steering Gear
(1) Vessels shall be provided with a main steering gear and an
auxiliary means of actuating the rudder to the satisfaction of the
Administration. The main steering gear and the auxiliary means of
actuating the rudder shall be arranged so that so far as is reasonable and
practicable a single failure in one of them will not render the other one
inoperative.
(2) Where the main steering gear comprises two or more identical power
units an auxiliary steering gear need not be fitted if the main steering
gear is capable of operating the rudder as required by paragraph (10) when
any one of the units is out of operation. Each of the power units shall be
operated from a separate circuit.
(3) The position of the rudder, if power operated, shall be indicated
in the wheelhouse. The rudder angle indication for power-operated steering
gear shall be independent of the steering gear control system.
(4) In the event of failure of any of the steering gear units an alarm
shall be given in the wheelhouse.
(5) Indicators for running indication of the motors of electric and
electrohydraulic steering gear shall be installed in the wheelhouse. Short
circuit protection, an overload alarm and a no-voltage alarm shall be
provided for these circuits and motors. Protection against excess current,
if provided, shall be for not less than twice the full load current of
the motor or circuit so protected, and shall be arranged to permit the
passage of the appropriate starting currents.
(6) The main steering gear shall be of adequate strength and
sufficient to steer the vessel at maximum service speed. The main steering
gear and rudder stock shall be so designed that they will not be damaged
at maximum speed astern or by manoeuvring during fishing operations.
(7) The main steering gear shall, with the vessel at its maximum
permissible operating draught, be capable of putting the rudder over from
35 degrees on one side to 35 degrees on the other side with the vessel
running ahead at maximum service speed. The rudder shall be capable of
being put over from 35 degrees on either side to 30 degrees on the other
side in not more than 28 seconds, under the same conditions. The main
steering gear shall be operated by power where necessary to fulfil these
requirements.
(8) The main steering gear power unit shall be arranged to start
either by manual means in the wheelhouse or automatically when power is
restored after a power failure.
(9) The auxiliary means for actuating the rudder shall be of adequate
strength and sufficient to steer the vessel at navigable speed and capable
of being brought speedily into action in an emergency.
(10) The auxiliary means for actuating the rudder shall be capable of
putting the rudder over from 15 degrees on one side to 15 degrees on the
other side in not more than 60 seconds with the vessel running at one half
of its maximum service speed ahead or 7 knots whichever is the greater.
The auxiliary means for actuating the rudder shall be operated by power
where necessary to fulfil these requirements.
(11) Electric or electrohydraulic steering gear in vessels of 75
metres in length and over shall be served by at least two circuits fed
from the main switchboard and these circuits shall be as widely separated
as possible.
Regulation 52 Engineers' Alarm
In vessels of 75 metres in length and over an engineers' alarm shall
be provided to be operated from the engine control room or at the
manoeuvring platform as appropriate, and shall be clearly audible in the
engineers' accommodation.
Regulation 53 Refrigeration Systems for Preservation of the Catch
(1) Refrigeration systems shall be so designed, constructed, tested
and installed as to take account of the safety of the systems considering
the degree of possible harm to persons from the refrigerant used and shall
be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(2) Refrigerants to be used in refrigeration systems shall be to the
satisfaction of the Administration. However, methylchloride shall not be
used as a refrigerant.
(3) (a) Refrigerating installations shall be adequately protected
against vibration, shock, expansion, shrinkage, etc. and shall be
provided with an automatic safety control device to prevent a dangerous
rise in temperature and pressure.
(b) Refrigeration systems in which toxic or flammable refrigerants
are used shall be provided with drainage devices leading to a place where
the refrigerant presents no danger to the vessels or to persons on board.
(4) (a) Any space containing refrigerating machinery including
condensers and gas tanks utilizing toxic refrigerants shall be separated
from any adjacent space by gastight bulkheads. Any space containing the
refrigerating machinery including condensers and gas tanks shall be fitted
with a leak detection system having an indicator outside the space
adjacent to the entrance and shall be provided with an independent
ventilation system and a water spray system.
(b) When such containment is not practicable, due to the size of
the vessel, the refrigeration system may be installed in the machinery
space provided that the quantity of refrigerant used will not cause danger
to persons in the machinery space, should all the gas escape, and
provided that an alarm is fitted to give warning of a dangerous
concentration of gas should any leakage occur in the compartment.
(5) In refrigerating machinery spaces and refrigerating rooms, alarms
shall be connected to the wheelhouse or control stations or escape exits
to prevent persons being trapped. At least one exit from each such space
shall be capable of being opened from the inside. Where practicable,
exits from the spaces containing refrigerating machinery using toxic or
flammable gas shall not lead directly into any accommodation spaces.
(6) Where any refrigerant harmful to persons is used in a
refrigeration system, at least two sets of breathing apparatus shall be
provided, one of which shall be placed in a position not likely to become
inaccessible in the event of leakage of refrigerant. Breathing apparatus
provided as part of the vessel's fire-fighting equipment may be considered
as meeting all or part of this provision provided its location meets both
purposes. Where self-contained breathing apparatus is used, spare
cylinders shall be provided.
(7) Adequate guidance for the safe operation and emergency procedures
for the refrigeration system shall be provided by suitable notices
displayed on board the vessel.
PART C-ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS (See also Regulation 41)
Regulation 54 Main Source of Electrical Power
(1) (a) Where electrical power constitutes the only means of
maintaining auxiliary services essential for the propulsion and the safety
of the vessel, a main source of electrical power shall be provided which
shall include at least two generating sets, one of which may be driven by
the main engine. The Administration may accept other arrangements having
equivalent electrical capability.
(b) The power of these sets shall be such as to ensure the
functioning of the services referred to in Regulation 41 (6)(a), excluding
the power required in fishing activities, processing and preservation of
the catch, in the event of any one of these generating sets being stopped.
However, in vessels of less than 45 metres in length, in the event of any
one of the generating sets being stopped, it shall only be necessary to
ensure the functioning of services essential for propulsion and safety of
the vessel.
(c) The arrangement of the vessel's main source of electrical
power shall be such that the services referred to in Regulation 41 (6)(a)
can be maintained regardless of the number of revolutions and direction of
the main propelling engines or shafting.
(d) Where transformers constitute an essential part of the supply
system required by this paragraph, the system shall be so arranged as to
ensure continuity of the supply.
(2) (a) The arrangement of the main lighting system shall be such that
a fire or other casualty in the space or spaces containing the main source
of electrical power, including transformers, if any, will not render the
emergency lighting system inoperative.
(b) The arrangement of the emergency lighting system shall be such
that a fire or other casualty in the space or spaces containing the
emergency source of electrical power, including transformers, if any,
will not render the main lighting system inoperative.
Regulation 55 Emergency Source of Electrical Power
(1) A self-contained emergency source of electrical power located, to
the satisfaction of the Administration, outside the machinery spaces shall
be provided and so arranged as to ensure its functioning in the event of
fire or other causes of failure of the main electrical installations.
(2) The emergency source of electrical power shall be capable, having
regard to starting current and the transitory nature of certain loads, of
serving simultaneously for a period of at least three hours:
(a) internal communication equipment, fire detecting systems and
signals which may be required in an emergency;
(b) the navigation lights if solely electrical and the emergency
lights:
(i) of launching stations and overside of the vessel;
(ii) in all alleyways, stairways and exits;
(iii) in spaces containing machinery or the emergency source
of power;
(iv) in control stations; and
(v) in fish handling and fish processing spaces; and
(c) the operation of the emergency fire pump, if any.
(3) The emergency source of electrical power may be either a generator
or an accumulator battery.
(4) (a) Where the emergency source of electrical power is a generator,
it shall be provided both with an independent fuel supply and with
efficient starting arrangements to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Unless a second independent means of starting the emergency generator is
provided the single source of stored energy shall be protected to preclude
its complete depletion by the automatic starting system.
(b) Where the emergency source of electrical power is an
accumulator battery it shall be capable of carrying the emergency load
without recharging whilst maintaining the voltage of the battery
throughout the discharge period within plus or minus 12 per cent of its
nominal voltage. In the event of failure of the main power supply this
accumulator battery shall be automatically connected to the emergency
switchboard and shall immediately supply at least those services specified
in paragraph (2) (a) and (b). The emergency switchboard shall be provided
with an auxiliary switch allowing the battery to be connected manually, in
case of failure of the automatic connexion system.
(5) The emergency switchboard shall be installed as near as is
practicable to the emergency source of power and shall be located in
accordance with paragraph (1). Where the emergency source of power is a
generator, the emergency switchboard shall be located in the same place
unless the operation of the emergency switchboard would thereby be
impaired.
(6) An accumulator battery fitted in accordance with this Regulation,
other than batteries fitted for the radio transmitter and receiver in
vessels of less than 45 metres in length, shall be installed in a well
ventilated space which shall not be the space containing the emergency
switchboard. An indicator shall be mounted in a suitable place on the main
switchboard or in the machinery control room to indicate when the battery
constituting the emergency source of power is being discharged. The
emergency switchboard is to be supplied in normal operation from the main
switchboard by an inter-connector feeder which is to be protected at the
main switchboard against overload and short circuit. The arrangement at
the emergency switchboard shall be such that the inter-connector feeder is
disconnected automatically at the emergency switchboard upon failure of
the main power supply, and for vessels of 45 metres in length and over
shall provide for automatic connexion of the emergency supply in the event
of such failure. When the system is arranged for feedback operation, the
inter-connector feeder shall also be protected at the emergency
switchboard at least against short circuit.
(7) The emergency generator and its prime mover and any accumulator
battery shall be so arranged as to ensure that they will function at full
rated power when the vessel is upright and when rolling up to an angle of
22 1/2 degrees either way and simultaneously pitching 10 degrees by bow or
stern, or is in any combination of angles within those limits.
(8) The emergency source of electrical power and automatic starting
equipment shall be so constructed and arranged as to enable adequate
testing to be carried out by the crew while the vessel is in operating
condition.
Regulation 56 Precautions against Shock, Fire and Other Hazards ofElectrical Origin*
[* See Precautions against Shock, Fire and Other Hazards of Electrical
Origin contained in Regulation 23 of the Recommendation Concerning
Regulations for Machinery and Electrical Installations in Passenger and
Cargo Ships adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.325(IX).]
(1) (a) Exposed permanently fixed metal parts of electrical machines
or equipment which are not intended to be "live", but which are liable
under fault conditions to become "live" shall be earthed (grounded)
unless:
(i) they are supplied at a voltage not exceeding 55 volts
direct current or 55 volts, root mean square, between conductors;
autotransformers shall not be used for the purpose of achieving this
alternative current voltage; or
(ii) they are supplied at a voltage not exceeding 250 volts by
safety isolating transformers supplying one consuming device only; or
(iii) they are constructed in accordance with the principle of
double insulation.
(b) Portable electrical equipment shall operate at a safe voltage,
exposed metal parts of such equipment which are not intended to have a
voltage but which may have such under fault conditions, shall be earthed.
The Administration may require additional precautions for portable
electric lamps, tools or similar apparatus for use in confined or
exceptionally damp spaces where particular risks due to conductivity may
exist.
(c) Electrical apparatus shall be so constructed and so installed
that it shall not cause injury when handled or touched in the normal
manner.
(2) Main and emergency switchboards shall be so arranged as to give
easy access as may be needed to apparatus and equipment, without danger to
attendants. The side and backs and, where necessary, the fronts of
switchboards, shall be suitably guarded. Exposed "live" parts having
voltages to earth exceeding a voltage to be specified by the
Administration shall not be installed on the front of such switchboards.
There shall be non-conducting mats or gratings at the front and rear,
where necessary.
(3) (a) The hull return system of distribution shall not be used for
power, heating or lighting in vessels of 75 metres in length and over.
(b) The requirement of sub-paragraph (a) does not preclude, under
conditions approved by the Administration, the use of:
(i) impressed current cathodic protective systems;
(ii) limited and locally earthed systems; or
(iii) insulation level monitoring devices provided the
circulation current does not exceed 30 milliamperes under the most
unfavourable conditions.
(c) Where the hull return system is used, all final sub-circuits
(all circuits fitted after the last protective device) shall be two wire
and special precautions shall be taken to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(4) Where a distribution system, whether primary or secondary, for
power, heating or lighting, with no connexion to earth is used, a device
capable of continuously monitoring the insulation level to earth and of
giving an audible or visual indication of abnormally low insulation values
shall be provided.
(5) (a) Except as permitted by the Administration in exceptional
circumstances, all metal sheaths and armour of cables shall be
electrically continuous and shall be earthed.
(b) All electrical cables shall be at least of a flame-retardant
type and shall be so installed as not to impair their original
flame-retarding properties. The Administration may permit the use of
special types of cables when necessary for particular applications, such
as radio frequency cables, which do not comply with the foregoing.
(c) Cables and wiring serving essential or emergency power,
lighting, internal communications or signals shall as far as practicable
be routed clear of galleys, machinery spaces of Category A and other high
fire risk areas and laundries, fish handling and fish processing spaces
and other spaces where there is a high moisture content. Cables connecting
fire pumps to the emergency switchboard shall be of a fire-resistant type
where they pass through high fire risk areas. Where practicable all such
cables should be run in such a manner as to preclude their being rendered
unserviceable by heating of the bulkheads that may be caused by a fire in
an adjacent space.
(d) Where cables which are installed in spaces where the risk of
fire or explosion exists in the event of an electrical fault, special
precautions against such risks shall be taken to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(e) Wiring shall be supported in such a manner as to avoid chafing
or other damage.
(f) Terminations and joints in all conductors shall be made such
that they retain the original electrical, mechanical, flame-retarding and,
where necessary, fire-resisting properties of the cable.
(g) Cables installed in refrigerated compartments shall be
suitable for low temperatures and high humidity.
(6) (a) Circuits shall be protected against short circuit. Circuits
shall also be protected against overload, except in accordance with
Regulation 51 or where the Administration may exceptionally otherwise
permit.
(b) The rating or appropriate setting of the overload protective
device for each circuit shall be permanently indicated at the location of
the protective device.
(7) Lighting fittings shall be arranged to prevent temperature rises
which could damage the wiring and to prevent surrounding material from
becoming excessively hot.
(8) Lighting or power circuits terminating in a space where the risk
of fire or explosion exists shall be provided with isolating switches
outside the space.
(9) (a) The housing of an accumulator battery shall be constructed and
ventilated to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(b) Electrical and other equipment which may constitute a source
of ignition of flammable vapours shall not be permitted in these
compartments except as permitted in paragraph (10).
(c) An accumulator battery shall not be located in accommodation
spaces unless installed in a hermetically sealed container.
(10) In spaces where flammable mixtures are liable to collect and in
any compartment assigned principally to the containment of an accumulator
battery, no electrical equipment shall be installed unless the
Administration is satisfied that it is:
(a) essential for operational purposes;
(b) of a type which will not ignite the mixture concerned;
(c) appropriate to the space concerned; and
(d) appropriately certified for safe usage in the dusts, vapours
or gases likely to be encountered.
(11) Lightning conductors shall be fitted to all wooden masts or
topmasts. In vessels constructed of non-conductive materials the lightning
conductors shall be connected by suitable conductors to a copper plate
fixed to the vessel's hull well below the waterline.
PART D PERIODICALLY UNATTENDED MACHINERY SPACES
(See also Regulation 41)
Regulation 57 Fire Safety
Fire prevention
(1) Special consideration shall be given to high pressure fuel oil
pipes. Where practicable, leakages from such piping systems shall be
collected in a suitable drain tank which shall be provided with a high
level alarm.
(2) Where daily service fuel oil tanks are filled automatically or by
remote control, means shall be provided to prevent overflow spillages.
Similar consideration shall be given to other equipment which treats
flammable liquids automatically, e.g. fuel oil purifiers, which whenever
practicable shall be installed in a special space reserved for purifiers
and their heaters.
(3) Where fuel oil daily service tanks or settling tanks are fitted
with heating arrangements, a high temperature alarm shall be provided if
the flashpoint of the fuel oil can be exceeded.
Fire detection
(4) An approved fire detection system based on a self-monitoring
principle and including facilities for periodical testing shall be
installed in machinery spaces. In vessels of less than 45 metres in length
the Administration may waive this requirement provided the location of the
machinery space facilitates the detection of fire by persons on board.
(5) The detection system shall initiate both audible and visual alarm
in the wheelhouse and in sufficient appropriate spaces to be heard and
observed by persons on board, when the vessel is in harbour.
(6) The fire detection system shall be fed automatically from an
emergency source of power if the main source of power fails.
(7) Internal combustion engines of 2500 kilowatts and over shall be
provided with crankcase oil mist detectors or engine bearing temperature
detectors or equivalent devices.
Fire fighting
(8) A fixed fire-extinguishing system shall be provided to the
satisfaction of the Administration, which shall be in compliance with the
requirements of Regulations 83 and 101.
(9) In vessels of 75 metres in length and over provision shall be made
for immediate water delivery from the fire main system either by:
(a) remote starting arrangements of one of the main fire pumps in
the wheelhouse and at the fire control station, if any; or
(b) permanent pressurization of the fire main system, due regard
being paid to the possibility of freezing.*
[* See Guidance for Precautions Against Freezing of Fire Mains
contained in Recommendation 7 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the
Conference.]
(10) The Administration shall be satisfied with the maintenance of the
fire integrity of the machinery spaces, the location and centralization of
the fire-extinguishing system controls, the shut-down arrangements
referred to in Regulation 62, e.g. ventilation, fuel pumps, etc., and may
require fire-extinguishing appliances and other fire-fighting equipment
and breathing apparatus in addition to the relevant requirements of
Chapter V.
Regulation 58 Protection against Flooding
(1) Bilges in machinery spaces shall be provided with a high level
alarm in such a way that the accumulation of liquids is detected at normal
angles of trim and heel. The detection system shall initiate an audible
and visual alarm in the places where continuous watch is maintained.
(2) In vessels of 45 metres in length and over the controls of any
valve serving a sea inlet, a discharge below the waterline or a bilge
injection system shall be so sited as to allow adequate time for operation
in case of influx of water to the space.
Regulation 59 Communications
In vessels of 75 metres in length and over one of the two separate
means of communication referred to in Regulation 45 shall be a reliable
vocal communication. An additional reliable means of vocal communication
shall be provided between the wheelhouse and the engineers' accommodation.
Regulation 60 Alarm System
(1) An alarm system shall be provided which shall indicate any fault
requiring attention.
(2) (a) The alarm system shall be capable of sounding in the machinery
space an audible alarm and indicate visually each separate alarm function
at a suitable position. However, in vessels of less than 45 metres in
length the Administration may permit the system to be capable of sounding
and indicating visually each separate alarm function in the wheelhouse
only.
(b) In vessels of 45 metres in length and over the alarm system
shall have a connexion to the engineers' cabins through a selector switch
to ensure connexion to one of those cabins and to the engineers' public
rooms, if any. The Administration may permit alternative arrangements
which provide an equivalent measure of safety.
(c) In vessels of 45 metres in length and over an engineers' alarm
and an alarm to the wheelhouse for persons on watch shall be activated if
an alarm function has not received attention within a limited period as
specified by the Administration.
(d) Audible and visual alarms shall be activated in the wheelhouse
for any situation requiring action by the responsible person on watch or
which should be brought to his attention.
(e) The alarm system shall as far as is practicable be designed on
the fail-safe principle.
(3) The alarm system shall be:
(a) continuously powered with automatic change-over to a stand-by
power supply in case of loss of normal power supply; and
(b) activated by failure of the normal power supply.
(4) (a) The alarm system shall be able to indicate at the same time
more than one fault and the acceptance of any alarm shall not inhibit
another alarm.
(b) Acceptance at the position referred to in paragraph (2) (a) of
any alarm condition shall be indicated at the positions where it was
shown. Alarms shall be maintained until they are accepted and the visual
indications shall remain until the fault has been corrected. All alarms
shall automatically reset when the fault has been rectified.
Regulation 61 Special Requirements for Machinery, Boiler and Elec-trical Installations
(1) In vessels of 75 metres in length and over the main source of
electrical power shall be supplied as follows:
(a) where the electrical power can normally be supplied by one
generator, there shall be provided suitable load shedding arrangements to
ensure the integrity of supplies to services required for propulsion and
steering. To cover the case of loss of the generator in operation, there
shall be adequate provisions for automatic starting and connecting to the
main switchboard of a stand-by generator of sufficient capacity to permit
propulsion and steering and with automatic restarting of the essential
auxiliaries including, where necessary, sequential operations. Means may
be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration for remote (manual)
starting and connexion of the stand-by generator to the main switchboard
as well as means of repeated remote starting of essential auxiliaries; and
(b) if the electrical power is normally supplied by more than one
generating set simultaneously, there shall be provisions, e.g. by load
shedding, to ensure that in case of loss of one of these generating sets,
the remaining ones are kept in operation without overload to permit
propulsion and steering.
(2) Where required to be duplicated, other auxiliary machinery
essential to propulsion shall be fitted with automatic change-over devices
allowing transfer to a stand-by machine. An alarm shall be given on
automatic change-over.
(3) Automatic control and alarm systems shall be provided as follows:
(a) the control system shall be such that through the necessary
automatic arrangements the services needed for the operation of the main
propulsion machinery and its auxiliaries are ensured;
(b) means shall be provided to keep the starting air pressure at
the required level where internal combustion engines are used for main
propulsion;
(c) an alarm system complying with Regulation 60 shall be provided
for all important pressures, temperatures, fluid levels, etc.; and
(d) where appropriate an adequate central position shall be
arranged with the necessary alarm panels and instrumentation indicating
any alarmed fault.
Regulation 62 Safety System
A safety system shall be provided so that serious malfunction in
machinery or boiler operations, which presents an immediate danger, shall
initiate the automatic shut-down of that part of the plant and an alarm
shall be given. Shut-down of the propulsion system shall not be
automatically activated except in cases which could lead to serious
damage, complete breakdown, or explosion. Where arrangements for
overriding the shut-down of the main propelling machinery are fitted these
shall be such as to preclude inadvertent activation. Visual means shall be
provided to show whether or not it has been activated.
CHAPTER V FIRE PROTECTION, FIRE DETECTION, FIRE EXTINCTION ANDFIRE FIGHTING
(See also Regulation 57)
PART A FIRE SAFETY MEASURES IN VESSELS OF 55 METRES IN LENGTH ANDOVER
Regulation 63 General
One of the following methods of protection shall be adopted in
accommodation and service spaces:
(a) Method IF-The construction of all internal divisional
bulkheads of non-combustible "B" or "C" Class divisions generally without
the installation of a detection or sprinkler system in the accommodation
and services spaces; or
(b) Method IIF-The fitting of an automatic sprinkler and fire
alarm system for the detection and extinction of fire in all spaces in
which fire might be expected to originate, generally with no restriction
on the type of internal divisional bulkheads; or
(c) Method IIIF-The fitting of an automatic fire alarm and
detection system in all spaces in which a fire might be expected to
originate, generally with no restriction on the type of internal
divisional bulkheads, except that in no case shall the area of any
accommodation space or spaces bounded by an "A" or "B" Class division
exceed 50 square metres. However, the Administration may increase this
area for public spaces.
The requirements for the use of non-combustible materials in
construction and insulation of the boundary bulkheads of machinery spaces,
control stations, etc., and the protection of stairway enclosures and
corridors shall be common to all three methods.
Regulation 64 Structure
(1) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and
deckhouses shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material
except as otherwise specified in paragraph (4).
(2) The insulation of aluminium alloy components of "A" or "B" Class
divisions, except structures which, in the opinion of the Administration,
are non-load-bearing, shall be such that the temperature of the structural
core does not rise more than 200 degrees celsius above the ambient
temperature at any time during the applicable fire exposure to the
standard fire test.
(3) Special attention shall be given to the insulation of aluminium
alloy components of columns, stanchions and other structural members
required to support survival craft stowage, launching and embarkation
areas, and "A" and "B" Class divisions, to ensure:
(a) that for such members supporting survival craft areas and "A"
Class divisions the temperature rise limitation specified in paragraph (2)
shall apply at the end of one hour; and
(b) that for such members required to support "B" Class divisions,
the temperature rise limitation specified in paragraph (2) shall apply at
the end of one half-hour.
(4) Crowns and casings of machinery spaces of Category A shall be of
steel construction adequately insulated and any openings therein shall be
suitably arranged and protected to prevent the spread of fire.
Regulation 65 Bulkheads within the Accommodation and ServiceSpaces
(1) Within the accommodation and service spaces, all bulkheads
required to be "B" Class divisions shall extend from deck to deck and to
the shell or other boundaries, unless continuous "B" Class ceilings or
linings, or both, are fitted on both sides of the bulkheads in which case
the bulkhead may terminate at the continuous ceiling or lining.
(2) Method IF. All bulkheads not required by this or other Regulations
of this Part to be "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be at least "C" Class
divisions.
(3) Method IIF. There shall be no restriction on the construction of
bulkheads not required by this or other Regulations of this Part to be "A"
or "B" Class divisions except in individual cases where "C" Class
bulkheads are required in accordance with Table 1 in Regulation 68.
(4) Method IIIF. There shall be no restriction on the construction of
bulkheads not required by this or other Regulations of this Part to be "A"
or "B" Class divisions. In no case shall the area of any accommodation
space or spaces bounded by a continuous "A" or "B" Class division exceed
50 square metres, except in individual cases where "C" Class bulkheads are
required in accordance with Table 1 in Regulation 68. However, the
Administration may increase this area for public spaces.
Regulation 66 Protection of Stairways and Lift Trunks in Accom-modation Spaces, Service Spaces and Control Stations
(1) Stairways which penetrate only a single deck shall be protected at
least at one level by at least "B-0" Class divisions and self-closing
doors. Lifes which penetrate only a single deck shall be enclosed by "A-0"
Class divisions with steel doors at both levels. Stairways and lift trunks
which penetrate more than a single deck shall be enclosed by at least
"A-0" Class divisions and protected by self-closing doors at all levels.
(2) All stairways shall be of steel frame construction except where
the Administration permits the use of other equivalent material.
Regulation 67 Doors in Fire-Resistant Divisions
(1) Doors shall have resistance to fire as far as practicable,
equivalent to the division in which they are fitted. Doors and door frames
in "A" Class divisions shall be constructed of steel. Doors in "B" Class
divisions shall be non-combustible. Doors fitted in boundary bulkheads of
machinery spaces of Category A shall be self-closing and reasonably
gastight. The Administration may permit the use of combustible materials
in doors separating cabins from the individual interior sanitary
accommodation, such as showers, if constructed according to Method IF.
(2) Doors required to be self-closing shall not be fitted with
hold-back hooks. However, hold-back arrangements fitted with remote
release fittings of the fail-safe type may be used.
(3) Ventilation openings may be permitted in and under the doors in
corridor bulkheads except that such openings shall not be permitted in and
under stairway enclosure doors. The openings shall be provided only in the
lower half of a door. Where such opening is in or under a door the total
net area of any such opening or openings shall not exceed 0.05 square
metres. When such opening is cut in a door it shall be fitted with a
grille made of non-combustible material.
(4) Watertight doors need not be insulated.
Regulation 68 Fire Integrity of Bulkheads and Decks
(1) In addition to the specific provisions for fire integrity of
bulkheads and decks required elsewhere in this Part the minimum fire
integrity of bulkheads and decks shall be as prescribed in Table 1 and
Table 2 of this Regulation.
(2) The following requirements shall govern application of the Table:
(a) Tables 1 and 2 shall apply respectively to bulkheads and decks
separating adjacent spaces; and
(b) for determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be
applied to divisions between adjacent spaces, such spaces are classified
according to their fire risk as follows:
(i) Control Stations (1)
Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.
Wheelhouse and chartroom.
Spaces containing the vessel's radio equipment.
Fire-extinguishing rooms, fire-control rooms and
fire-recording stations.
Control room for propulsion machinery when located outside
the machinery space.
Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.
(ii) Corridors (2)
Corridors and lobbies.
(iii) Accommodation Spaces (3)
Spaces as defined in Regulation 2(41) and (42) excluding
corridors.
(iv) Stairways (4)
Interior stairways, lifts and escalators other than those
wholly contained within the machinery spaces and enclosures thereto. In
this connexion, a stairway which is enclosed only at one level shall be
regarded as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire
door.
(v) Service Spaces of Low Fire Risk (5)
Lockers and store-rooms having areas of less than 2 square
metres, drying rooms and laundries.
(vi) Machinery Spaces of Category A (6)
Spaces as defined in Regulation 2(45).
(vii) Other Machinery Spaces (7)
Spaces as defined in Regulation 2(46) including fishmeal
processing spaces, but excluding machinery spaces of Category A.
(viii) Cargo Spaces (8)
All spaces used for cargo, including cargo oil tanks,
and trunkways and hatchways to such spaces.
(ix) Service Spaces of High Fire Risk (9)
Galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, paint
rooms, lamp rooms, lockers and store-rooms having areas of 2 square
metres or more, and workshops other than those forming part of the
machinery spaces.
(x) Open Decks (10)
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades, spaces for
processing fish in the raw state, fish washing spaces and similar spaces
containing no fire risk.
The air spaces outside superstructures and deckhouses.
The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than
restrictive. The number in parenthesis following each category refers to
the applicable column or row in the Tables.
TABLE 1-FIRE INTEGRITY OF BULKHEADS SEPARATING ADJACENT SPACES
|---------------------------
| Spaces | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10)|
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| e)| | | | |
| Control Stations (1) |A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-0 | A-15| A-60| A-15| A-60| A-60| * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | B-0 | | | |
| Corridors (2) | C | B-0 | c)| B-0 | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
| | |C-0 | | | |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | a),b)| B-0 | | | |
| Accommodation Spaces (3) | |C | c)| B-0 | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
| | |A-0 | | | |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | B-0 | B-0 | | |
| Stairways (4) | | c)| c)| A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
| | |A-0 |A-0 | | |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Service Spaces of Low Fire Risk (5) | | | C | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Machinery Spaces of Category A (6) | | | * | A-0 | A-0 | A-60| * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | d)| |
| Other Machinery Spaces (7) | | | |A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Cargo Spaces (8) | | | | * | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | d)|
| Service Spaces of High Fire Risk (9) | | | | |A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open Decks (10) | | | | | - |
|---------------------------
TABLE 2-FIRE INTEGRITY OF DECKS SEPARATING ADJACENT SPACES
|---------------------------
| Space Space | | | | | |
| ¡ý ¡ú | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10)|
| Below Above | | | | | |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Control Stations (1) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Corridors (2) | A-0 | * | * | A-0 | * | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Accommodation Spaces (3) | A-60| A-0 | * | A-0 | * | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Stairways (4) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * | A-0 | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Service Spaces of Low Fire Risk (5) | A-15| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Machinery Spaces of Category A (6) | A-60| A-60| A-60 | A-60| A-60| * | A-60| A-30| A-60| * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Other Machinery Spaces (7) | A-15| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * | A-0 | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Cargo Spaces (8) | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | * | A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | d)|
| Service Spaces of High Fire Risk (9) | A-60| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |A-0 | * |
|----------|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | | | | |
| Open Decks (10) | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | - |
|---------------------------
Notes: To be applied to both Tables 1 and 2, as appropriate.
a) No special requirements are imposed upon these bulkheads in
Methods IIF and IIIF fire protection.
b) In case of Method IIIF "B" Class bulkheads of "B-0" rating
shall be provided between spaces or groups of spaces of 50 square metres
and over in area.
c) For clarification as to which applies see Regulations 65 and
66.
d) Where spaces are of the same numerical category and superscript
d) appears, a bulkhead or deck of the rating shown in the Tables is only
required when the adjacent spaces are for a different purpose, e.g. in
category (9). A galley next to a galley does not require a bulkhead but a
galley next to a paint room requires an "A-0" bulkhead.
e) Bulkheads separating the wheelhouse, chartroom and radio room
from each other may be "B-0" rating.
* Where an asterisk appears in the Tables the division is required
to be of steel or equivalent material but is not required to be of "A"
Class standard.
(3) Continuous "B" Class ceilings or linings, in association with the
relevant decks or bulkheads, may be accepted as contributing, wholly or
in part, to the required insulation and integrity of a division.
(4) Windows and skylights to machinery spaces shall be as follows:
(a) where skylights can be opened they shall be capable of being
closed from outside the space. Skylights containing glass panels shall be
fitted with external shutters of steel or other equivalent material
permanently attached.
(b) glass or similar materials shall not be fitted in machinery
space boundaries. This does not preclude the use of wire-reinforced glass
for skylights and glass in control rooms within the machinery spaces; and
(c) in skylights referred to in sub-paragraph (a) wire-reinforced
glass shall be used.
(5) External boundaries which are required by Regulation 64(1) to be
of steel or equivalent material may be pierced for the fitting of windows
and side-scuttles provided that there is no requirement elsewhere in this
Part for such boundaries to have "A" Class integrity. Similarly, in such
boundaries which are not required to have "A" Class integrity, doors may
be of materials to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Regulation 69 Details of Construction
(1) Method IF. In accommodation and service spaces and control
stations all linings, draught stops, ceilings and their associated
grounds shall be of non-combustible materials.
(2) Methods IIF and IIIF. In corridors and stairway enclosures serving
accommodation and service spaces and control stations, ceilings, linings,
draught stops and their associated grounds shall be of non-combustible
materials.
(3) Methods IF, IIF and IIif(a) Except in cargo spaces or refrigerated compartments of service
spaces insulating materials shall be non-combustible. Vapour barriers and
adhesives used in conjunction with insulation, as well as the insulation
of pipe fittings, for cold service systems need not be of non-combustible
material, but they shall be kept to the minimum quantity practicable and
their exposed surfaces shall have qualities of resistance to the
propagation of flame to the satisfaction of the Administration. In spaces
where penetration of oil products is possible, the surface of insulation
shall be impervious to oil or oil vapour.
(b) Where non-combustible bulkheads, linings and ceilings are
fitted in accommodation and service spaces they may have a combustible
veneer not exceeding 2.0 millimetres in thickness within any such space
except corridors, stairway enclosured and control stations, where it shall
not exceed 1.5 millimetres in thickness.
(c) Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panellings, or linings
shall be divided by close-fitting draught stops spaced not more than 14
metres apart. In the vertical direction, such spaces, including those
behind linings of stairways, trunks, etc., shall be closed at each deck.
Regulation 70 Ventilation Systems
(1) Where trunks or ducts serve spaces on both sides of "A" Class
bulkheads or decks, dampers shall be fitted so as to prevent the spread
of fire and smoke between compartments. Manual dampers shall be operable
from both sides of the bulkhead or the deck. Where the trunks or ducts
with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 square metres pass through
"A" Class bulkheads or decks, automatic self-closing dampers shall be
fitted. Trunks serving compartments situated only on one side of such
bulkheads shall comply with paragraph (2) (b).
(2) (a) Ventilation ducts shall be of non-combustible material. Short
ducts, however, not generally exceeding 2 metres in length and with a
cross section not exceeding 0.02 square metres need not be
non-combustible, subject to the following conditions:
(i) these ducts shall be of a material which, to the
satisfaction of the Administration, has a low fire risk;
(ii) they may only be used at the end of the ventilation
device; and
(iii) they shall not be situated less than 600 millimetres,
measured along the duct, from an opening in an "A" or "B" Class division
including continuous "B" Class ceilings.
(b) Where the ventilation ducts with a free cross-sectional area
exceeding 0.02 square metres pass through "A" Class bulkheads or decks,
the opening shall be lined with a steel sheet sleeve unless the ducts
passing through the bulkheads or decks are of steel in the vicinity of
passage through the deck or bulkhead and comply in that portion of the
duct with the following:
(i) for ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02
square metres the sleeves shall have a thickness of at least 3 millimetres
and a length of at least 900 millimetres. When passing through bulkheads
this length shall preferably be divided evenly on each side of the
bulkhead. Ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 square
metres shall be provided with fire insulation. The insulation shall have
at least the same fire integrity as the bulkhead or deck through which the
duct passes. Equivalent penetration protection may be provided to the
satisfaction of the Administration; and
(ii) ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.075
square metres shall be fitted with fire dampers in addition to the
requirements of sub-paragraph (b)(i). The fire damper shall operate
automatically but shall also be capable of being closed manually from both
sides of the bulkhead or deck. The damper shall be provided with an
indicator which shows whether the damper is open or closed. Fire dampers
are not required, however, where ducts pass through spaces surrounded by
"A" Class divisions, without serving those spaces, provided those ducts
have the same fire integrity as the bulkheads which they penetrate.
(c) Ventilation ducts for machinery spaces of Category A or
galleys shall not in general pass through accommodation spaces, service
spaces or control stations. Where the Administration permits this
arrangement, the ducts shall be constructed of steel or equivalent
material and so arranged as to preserve the integrity of the divisions.
(d) Ventilation ducts of accommodation spaces, service spaces or
control stations shall not in general pass through machinery spaces of
Category A or through galleys. Where the Administration permits this
arrangement the ducts shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material
and so arranged as to preserve the integrity of the divisions.
(e) Where ventilation ducts with a free cross-sectional area
exceeding 0.02 square metres pass through "B" Class bulkheads the openings
shall be lined with steel sheet sleeves of at least 900 millimetres in
length, unless the ducts are of steel for this length in way of the
bulkheads. When passing through a "B" Class bulkhead this length shall
preferably be divided evenly on each side of the bulkhead.
(f) Such measures as are practicable shall be taken in respect of
control stations outside machinery spaces in order to ensure that
ventilation, visibility and freedom from smoke are maintained, so that in
the event of fire the machinery and equipment contained therein may be
supervised and continue to function effectively. Alternative and separate
means of air supply shall be provided; air inlets of the two sources of
supply shall be so disposed that the risk of both inlets drawing in smoke
simultaneously is minimized. At the discretion of the Administration, such
requirements need not apply to control stations situated on, and opening
on to, an open deck, or where local closing arrangements are equally
effective.
(g) Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces
containing combustible materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges
shall be constructed of "A" Class divisions. Each exhaust duct shall be
fitted with:
(i) a grease trap readily removable for cleaning;
(ii) a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct;
(iii) arrangements, operable from within the galley, for
shutting off the exhaust fan; and
(iv) fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct,
except where the Administration considers such fittings impractical in a
vessel of less than 75 metres in length.
(3) The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems shall be
capable of being closed from outside the spaces being ventilated. Power
ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces, control stations and
machinery spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily
accessible position outside the space being served. This position should
not be readily cut off in the event of a fire in the spaces served. The
means provided for stopping the power ventilation of the machinery spaces
shall be entirely separate from the means provided for stopping
ventilation of other spaces.
(4) Means shall be provided for closing, from a safe position, the
annular spaces around funnels.
(5) Ventilation systems serving machinery spaces shall be independent
of systems serving other spaces.
(6) Store-rooms containing appreciable quantities of highly flammable
products shall be provided with ventilation arrangements which are
separate from other ventilation systems. Ventilation shall be arranged at
high and low levels and the inlets and outlets of ventilators shall be
positioned in safe areas and fitted with spark arresters.
Regulation 71 Heating Installations
(1) Electric radiators shall be fixed in position and so constructed
as to reduce fire risks to a minimum. No such radiator shall be fitted
with an element so exposed that clothing, curtains or other similar
materials can be scorched or set on fire by heat from the element.
(2) Heating by means of open fires shall not be permitted. Heating
stoves and other similar appliances shall be firmly secured and adequate
protection and insulation against fire shall be provided beneath and
around such appliances and in way of their uptakes. Uptakes of stoves
which burn solid fuel shall be so arranged and designed as to minimize the
possibility of becoming blocked by combustion products and shall have a
ready means for cleaning. Dampers for limiting draughts in uptakes shall,
when in the closed position, still leave an adequate area open. Spaces in
which stoves are installed shall be provided with ventilators of
sufficient area to provide adequate combustion-air for the stove. Such
ventilators shall have no means of closure and their position shall be
such that closing appliances in accordance with Regulation 20 are not
required.
(3) Open flame gas appliances, except cooking stoves and water
heaters, shall not be permitted. Spaces containing any such stoves or
water heaters shall have adequate ventilation to remove fumes and possible
gas leakage to a safe place. All pipes conveying gas from container to
stove or water heater shall be of steel or other approved material.
Automatic safety gas shutoff devices shall be fitted to operate on loss of
pressure in the gas main pipe or flame failure on any appliance.
(4) Where gaseous fuel is used for domestic purposes, the
arrangements, storage, distribution and use of the fuel shall be to the
satisfaction of the Administration and in accordance with Regulation 73.
Regulation 72 Miscellaneous Items*
[* See Guidance Concerning the Use of Certain Plastic Materials
contained in Recommendation 8 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the
Conference.]
(1) All exposed surfaces in corridors and stairway enclosures and
surfaces including grounds in concealed or inaccessible spaces in
accommodation and service spaces and control stations shall have low
flame-spread characteristics. ** Exposed surfaces of ceilings in
accommodation and service spaces and control stations shall have low
flame-spread characteristics.
[** See Guidelines on the Evaluation of Fire Hazard Properties of
Materials adopted by the Organization by Resolution A. 166 (ES.IV).]
(2) Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior
surfaces shall not be capable of producing excessive quantities of smoke
or toxic gases or vapours. The Administration shall be satisfied that they
are not of a nature to offer an undue fire hazard.
(3) Primary deck coverings within accommodation and service spaces and
control stations, shall be of approved material which will not readily
ignite or give rise to toxic or explosive hazards at elevated
temperatures.***
[*** See Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test Procedures for
Primary Deck Coverings adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.214
(VII).]
(4) Where "A" or "B" Class divisions are penetrated for the passage of
electrical cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., or for the fitting of
ventilation terminals, lighting fixtures and similar devices, arrangements
shall be made to ensure that the fire integrity of the divisions is not
impaired.
(5) (a) In accommodation and service spaces and control stations,
pipes penetrating "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be of approved
materials having regard to the temperature such divisions are required to
withstand. Where the Administration permits the conveying of oil and
combustible liquids through accommodation and service spaces, the pipes
conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of an approved material
having regard to the fire risk.
(b) Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be
used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which
are close to the waterline and where the failure of the material in the
event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.
(6) Cellulose-nitrate-based film shall not be used in cinematograph
installations.
(7) All waster receptacles other than those used in fish processing
shall be constructed of non-combustible materials with no openings in the
sides or bottom.
(8) Machinery driving fuel oil transfer pumps, fuel oil unit pumps and
other similar fuel pumps shall be fitted with remote controls situated
outside the space concerned so that they can be stopped in the event of a
fire arising in the space in which they are located.
(9) Drip trays shall be fitted where necessary to prevent oil leaking
into bilges.
(10) Within compartments used for stowage of fish, combustible
insulation shall be protected by close-fitting cladding.
Regulation 73 Storage of Gas Cylinders and Dangerous Materials
(1) Cylinders for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases shall be
clearly marked by means of prescribed identifying colours, have a clearly
legible identification of the name and chemical formula of their contents
and be properly secured.
(2) Cylinders containing flammable or other dangerous gases and
expended cylinders shall be stored, properly secured, on open decks and
all valves, pressure regulators and pipes leading from such cylinders
shall be protected against damage. Cylinders shall be protected against
excessive variations in temperature, direct rays of the sun, and
accumulation of snow. However, the Administration may permit such
cylinders to be stored in compartments complying with the requirements of
paragraphs (3) to (5).
(3) Spaces containing highly flammable liquids, such as volatile
paints, paraffin, benzole, etc., and where permitted, liquefied gas,
shall have direct access from open decks only. Pressure-adjusting devices
and relief valves shall exhaust within the compartment. Where boundary
bulkheads of such compartments adjoin other enclosed spaces they shall be
gastight.
(4) Except as necessary for service within the space, electrical
wiring and fittings shall not be permitted within compartments used for
the storage of highly flammable liquids or liquefied gases. Where such
electrical fittings are installed, they shall be to the satisfaction of
the Administration for use in a flammable atmosphere. Sources of heat
shall be kept clear of such spaces and "No Smoking" and "No Naked Light"
notices shall be displayed in a prominent position.
(5) Separate storage shall be provided for each type of compressed
gas. Compartments used for the storage of such gases shall not be used for
storage of other combustible products nor for tools or objects not part of
the gas distribution system. However, the Administration may relax these
requirements considering the characteristics, volume and intended use of
such compressed gases.
Regulation 74 Means of Escape
(1) Stairways and ladders leading to and from all accommodation spaces
and in spaces in which the crew is normally employed, other than machinery
spaces, shall be so arranged as to provide ready means of escape to the
open deck and thence to the survival craft. In particular in relation to
these spaces:
(a) at all levels of accommodation at least two widely separated
means of escape shall be provided which may include the normal means of
access from each restricted space or group of spaces;
(b) (i) below the weather deck the main means of escape shall be a
stairway and the second escape may be a trunk or a stairway; and
(ii) above the weather deck the means of escape shall be
stairways or doors to an open deck or a combination thereof;
(c) exceptionally the Administration may permit only one means of
escape, due regard being paid to the nature and location of spaces and to
the number of persons who normally might be accommodated or employed
there;
(d) a corridor or part of a corridor from which there is only one
route of escape, shall not exceed 7 metres in length;
(e) the width and continuity of the means of escape shall be to
the satisfaction of the Administration; and
(f) two means of escape from a radiotelegraph station which has no
direct access to the open deck shall be provided and these shall be to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
(2) Two means of escape shall be provided from every machinery space
of Category A by one of the following means:
(a) two sets of steel ladders as widely separated as possible
leading to doors in the upper part of the space similarly separated and
from which access is provided to the open deck. In general, one of these
ladders shall provide continuous fire shelter from the lower part of the
pace to a safe position outside the space. However, the Administration may
not require such shelter if, due to special arrangements or dimensions of
the machinery space, a safe escape route from the lower part of this space
is provided. This shelter shall be of steel, insulated, where necessary,
to the satisfaction of the Administration and be provided with a
self-closing steel door at the lower end; or
(b) one steel ladder leading to a door in the upper part of the
space from which access is provided to the open deck and additionally, in
the lower part of the space and in a position well separated from the
ladder referred to, a steel door capable of being operated from each side
and which provides access to a safe escape route from the lower part of
the space to the open deck.
(3) From machinery spaces other than those of Category A, escape
routes shall be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration having
regard to the nature and location of the space and whether persons are
normally employed in that space.
(4) Lifts shall not be considered as forming one of the required means
of escape.
Regulation 75 Automatic Sprinkler and Fire Alarm and Fire Detec-tion Systems (Method IIF)
(1) In vessels in which method IIF is adopted an automatic sprinkler
and fire alarm system of an approved type and complying with the
requirements of this Regulation shall be installed and so arranged as to
protect accommodation spaces and service spaces except spaces which afford
no substantial fire risks, such as void spaces and sanitary spaces.
(2) (a) The system shall be capable of immediate operation at all
times and no action by the crew shall be necessary to set it in operation.
It shall be of the wet pipe type but small exposed sections may be of the
dry pipe type where in the opinion of the Administration this is a
necessary precaution. Any parts of the system which may be subjected to
freezing temperatures in service shall be suitably protected against
freezing. * It shall be kept charged at the necessary pressure and shall
have provision for a continuous supply of water as required in paragraph
6(b).
[* See Guidance for Precautions Against Freezing of Fire Mains
contained in Recommendation 7 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the
Conference.]
(b) Each section of sprinklers shall include means for giving a
visible and audible alarm signal automatically at one or more indicating
units whenever any sprinkler comes into operation. Such units shall
indicate in which section served by the system, fire has occurred and
shall be centralized in the wheelhouse and in addition, visible and
audible alarms from the unit shall be placed in position other than in the
wheelhouse, so as to ensure that the indication of fire is immediately
received by the crew. Such an alarm system shall be so constructed as to
indicate if any fault occurs in the system.
(3) (a) Sprinklers shall be grouped into separate sections, each of
which shall contain not more than 200 sprinklers.
(b) Each section of sprinklers shall be capable of being isolated
by one stop valve only. The stop valve in each section shall be readily
accessible and its location shall be clearly and permanently indicated.
Means shall be provided to prevent the operation of the stop valves by any
unauthorized person.
(c) A gauge indicating the pressure in the system shall be
provided at each section stop valve and at a central station.
(d) The sprinklers shall be resistant to corrosion. In
accommodation and service spaces the sprinklers shall come into operation
within the temperature range of 68 degrees celsius and 79 degrees celsius,
except that in locations such as drying rooms, where high ambient
temperatures might be expected, the operating temperature may be increased
by not more than 30 degrees celsius above the maximum deck head
temperature.
(e) A list or plan shall be displayed at each indicating unit
showing the spaces covered and the location of the zone in respect of each
section. Suitable instructions for testing and maintenance shall be
available.
(4) Sprinklers shall be placed in an overhead position and spaced in a
suitable pattern to maintain an average application rate of not less than
5 litres per square metre per minute over the nominal area covered by the
sprinklers. Alternatively, the Administration may permit the use of
sprinklers providing such quantity of water suitably distributed as has
been shown to the satisfaction of the Administration to be not less
effective.
(5) (a) A pressure tank having a volume equal to at least twice that
of the charge of water specified in this sub-paragraph shall be provided.
The tank shall contain a standing charge of fresh water, equivalent to the
amount of water which would be discharged in one minute by the pump
referred to in paragraph (6)(b), and the arrangements shall provide for
maintaining such air pressure in the tank as to ensure that, where the
standing charge of fresh water in the tank has been used, the pressure
will be not less than the working pressure of the sprinkler, plus the
pressure due to a head of water measured from the bottom of the tank to
the highest sprinkler in the system. Suitable means of replenishing the
air under pressure and of replenishing the fresh water charge in the tank
shall be provided. A glass gauge shall be provided to indicate the correct
level of the water in the tank.
(b) Means shall be provided to prevent the passage of sea-water
into the tank.
(6) (a) An independent power pump shall be provided solely for the
purpose of continuing automatically the discharge of water from the
sprinklers. The pump shall be brought into action automatically by the
pressure drop in the system before the standing fresh water charge in the
pressure tank is completely exhausted.
(b) The pump and the piping system shall be capable of maintaining
the necessary pressure at the level of the highest sprinkler to ensure a
continuous output of water sufficient for the simultaneous coverage of the
maximum area separated by fire-resisting bulkheads of "A" and "B" Class
divisions or an area of 280 square metres whichever is the less at the
application rate specified in paragraph (4).
(c) The pump shall have fitted on the delivery side a test valve
with a short open-ended discharge pipe. The effective area through the
valve and pipe shall be adequate to permit the release of the required
pump output while maintaining the pressure in the system specified in
paragraph (5)(a).
(d) The sea inlet to the pump shall wherever possible be in the
space containing the pump and shall be so arranged that when the vessel is
afloat it will not be necessary to shut off the supply of sea-water to the
pump for any purpose other than the inspection or repair of the pump.
(7) The sprinkler pump and tank shall be situated in a position
reasonably remote from any machinery space of Category A and shall not be
situated in any space required to be protected by the sprinkler system.
(8) (a) There shall not be less than two sources of power supply for
the sea-water pump and the automatic fire alarm and fire detection system.
If the pump is electrically driven it shall be connected to the main
source of electrical power, which shall be capable of being supplied by at
least two generators.
(b) The feeders shall be arranged so as to avoid galleys,
machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk except in so
far as it is necessary to reach the appropriate switchboard. One of the
sources of power supply for the fire alarm and fire detection system shall
be an emergency source. Where one of the sources of power for the pump is
an internal combustion-type engine it shall, in addition to complying with
the provisions of paragraph (7), be so situated that a fire in any
protected space will not affect the air supply to that engine.
(9) The sprinkler system shall have a connexion from the vessel's fire
main by way of a lockable screw-down non-return valve at the connexion
which will prevent a backflow from the sprinkler system to the fire main.
(10) (a) A test valve shall be provided for testing the automatic
alarm for each section of sprinklers by a discharge of water equivalent to
the operation of one sprinkler. The test valve for each section shall be
situated near the stop valve for that section.
(b) Means shall be provided for testing the automatic operation of
the pump on reduction of pressure in the system.
(c) Switches shall be provided at one of the indicating positions
referred to in sub-paragraph (2)(b) which will enable the alarm and the
indicators for each section of sprinklers to be tested.
(11) Spare sprinkler heads shall be provided for each section of
sprinklers to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Regulation 76 Automatic Fire Alarm and Fire Detection Systems(Method IIIF)
(1) In vessels in which Method IIIF is adopted an automatic fire alarm
and fire detection system of an approved type and complying with the
requirements of this Regulation shall be installed and so arranged as to
detect the presence of fire in all accommodation spaces and service spaces
except spaces which afford no substantial fire risk, such as void spaces
and sanitary spaces.
(2) (a) The system shall be capable of immediate operation at all
times and no action of the crew shall be necessary to set it in operation.
(b) Each section of detectors shall include means for giving a
visible and audible alarm signal automatically at one or more indicating
units whenever any detector comes into operation. Such units shall
indicate in which section served by the system a fire has occurred and
shall be centralized on the wheelhouse and such other positions as will
ensure that any alarm from the system is immediately received by the crew.
Additionally, arrangements shall be provided to ensure that an alarm is
sounded on the deck on which the fire has been detected. Such an alarm and
detection system shall be so constructed as to indicate if any fault
occurs in the system.
(3) Detectors shall be grouped into separate sections, each covering
not more than 50 rooms served by such a system and containing not more
than 100 detectors. Detectors shall be zoned to indicate on which deck a
fire has occurred.
(4) The system shall be operated by an abnormal air temperature, by an
abnormal concentration of smoke or by other factors indicative of
incipient fire in any one of the spaces to be protected. Systems which are
sensitive to air temperature shall not operate at less than 57 degrees
celsius and shall operate at a temperature not greater than 74 degrees
celsius when the temperature increase to those levels is not more than 1
degree celsius per minute. At the discretion of the Administration the
permissible temperature of operation may be increased to 30 degrees
celsius above the maximum deckhead temperature in drying rooms and similar
places of a normally high ambient temperature. Systems which are sensitive
to smoke concentration shall operate on the reduction of the intensity of
a transmitted light beam by an amount to be determined by the
Administration. Other equally effective methods of operation may be
accepted at the discretion of the Administration. The detection system
shall not be used for any purpose other than fire detection.
(5) The detectors may be arranged to operate the alarm by the opening
or closing of contacts or by other appropriate methods. They shall be
fitted in an overhead position and shall be suitably protected against
impact and physical damage. They shall be suitable for use in a marine
atmosphere. They shall be placed in an open position clear of beams and
other objects likely to obstruct the flow of hot gases or smoke to the
sensitive element. Detectors operated by the closing of contacts shall be
of the sealed contact type and the circuit shall be continuously monitored
to indicate fault conditions.
(6) At least one detector shall be installed in each space where
detection facilities are required and there shall be not less than one
detector for each 37 square metres of deck area approximately. In large
spaces the detectors shall be arranged in a regular pattern so that no
detector is more than 9 metres from another detector or more than 4.5
metres from a bulkhead.
(7) There shall be not less than two sources of power supply for the
electrical equipment used in the operation of the fire alarm and fire
detection system, one of which shall be an emergency source. The supply
shall be provided by separate feeders reserved solely for that purpose.
Such feeders shall run to a change-over switch situated in the control
station for the fire detection system. The wiring system shall be so
arranged as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces
having a high fire risk except in so far as it is necessary to provide for
fire detection in such spaces or to reach the appropriate switchboard.
(8) (a) A list or plan shall be displayed adjacent to each indicating
unit showing the spaces covered and the location of the zone in respect of
each system. Suitable instructions for testing and maintenance shall be
available.
(b) Provision shall be made for testing the correct operation of
the detectors and the indicating units by supplying means for applying hot
air or smoke at detector positions.
(9) Spare detector heads shall be provided for each section of
detectors to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Regulation 77 Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Cargo Spaceof High Fire Risk
Cargo spaces of high fire risk shall be protected by a fixed gas
fire-extinguishing system or by a fire-extinguishing system which gives
equivalent protection, to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Regulation 78 Fire Pumps
(1) At least two fire pumps shall be provided.
(2) If a fire in any one compartment could put all the fire pumps out
of action, there shall be an alternative means of providing water for fire
fighting. In vessels of 75 metres in length and over this alternative
means shall be a fixed emergency fire pump independently driven. This
emergency fire pump shall be capable of supplying two jets of water to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
(3) (a) The fire pumps, other than the emergency pump shall be capable
of delivering for fire-fighting purposes a quantity of water at a minimum
pressure of 0.25 newtons per square millimetre, with a total capacity (Q)
of at least:
|------------|
| 2 |
| Q=(0.15¡ÌL(B+D)+2.25) cubic metres per hour |
|------------|
where L, B and D are in metres.
However, the total required capacity of the fire pumps need not
exceed 180 cubic metres per hour.
(b) Each of the required fire pumps other than any emergency pump
shall have a capacity not less than 40 per cent of the total capacity of
fire pumps required by sub-paragraph (a) and shall in any event be capable
of delivering at least the jets of water required by Regulation 80 (2)(a).
These fire pumps shall be capable of supplying the fire main systems under
the required conditions. Where more than two pumps are installed the
capacity of such additional pumps shall be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(4) (a) Fire pumps shall be independently driven power pumps.
Sanitary, ballast, bilge or general service pumps may be accepted as fire
pumps, provided that they are not normally used for pumping oil and that,
if they are subject to occasional duty for the transfer or pumping of fuel
oil, suitable change-over arrangements are fitted.
(b) Relief valves shall be provided in conjunction with all fire
pumps if the pumps are capable of developing a pressure exceeding the
design pressure of the water service pipes, hydrants and hoses. These
valves shall be so placed and adjusted as to prevent excessive pressure in
any of the fire main systems.
(c) Emergency power-operated fire pumps shall be independently
driven self-contained pumps either with their own diesel engine prime
mover and fuel supply fitted in an accessible position outside the
compartment which contains the main fire pumps, or be driven by a
self-contained generator, which may be the emergency generator referred to
in Regulation 55, of sufficient capacity and which is positioned in a safe
place outside the engine room and preferable above the working deck. The
emergency fire pump shall be capable of operating for a period of at least
3 hours.
(d) Emergency fire pumps, sea-suction valves and other necessary
valves shall be operable from outside compartments containing main fire
pumps in a position not likely to be cut off by a fire in those
compartments.
Regulation 79 Fire Mains
(1) (a) Where more than one hydrant is required to provide the number
of jets specified in Regulation 80 (2)(a) a fire main shall be provided.
(b) Fire mains shall have no connexions other than those required
for fire fighting except for the purpose of washing the deck and anchor
chains or operating the chain locker bilge ejector.
(c) Where fire mains are not self-draining, suitable drain cocks
shall be fitted where frost damage could be expected.*
[* See Guidance for Precautions Against Freezing of Fire Mains
contained in Recommendation 7 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the
Conference.]
(2) (a) The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes shall be
sufficient for the effective distribution of the maximum required
discharge from two fire pumps operating simultaneously or of 140 cubic
metres per hour, whichever is the less.
(b) With the two pumps simultaneously delivering through nozzles
specified in Regulation 80 (5) the quantity of water specified in
sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, through any adjacent hydrants, the
minimum pressure of 0.25 newtons per square millimetre shall be maintained
at all hydrants.
Regulation 80 Fire Hydrants, Fire Hoses and Nozzles
(1) (a) The number of fire hoses provided shall be equal to the number
of fire hydrants arranged according to paragraph (2) and one spare hose.
This number does not include any fire hoses required in any engine or
boiler room. The Administration may increase the number of fire hoses
required so as to ensure that hoses in sufficient number are available and
accessible at all times, having regard to the size of the vessel.
(b) Fire hoses shall be of approved material and sufficient in
length to project a jet of water to any of the spaces in which they may be
required to be used. Their maximum length shall be 20 metres. Every fire
hose shall be provided with a nozzle and the necessary couplings. Fire
hoses shall together with any necessary fittings and tools be kept ready
for use in conspicuous positions near the water service hydrants or
connexions.
(2) (a) The number and position of the hydrants shall be such that at
least two jets of water not emanating from the same hydrant, one of which
shall be from a single length of fire hose, may reach any part of the
vessel normally accessible to the crew while the vessel is being
navigated.
(b) All required hydrants shall be fitted with fire hoses having
dual purpose nozzles as required by paragraph (5). One hydrant shall be
located near the entrance of the space to be protected.
(3) Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used
for fire mains and hydrants unless adequately protected. The pipes and
hydrants shall be so placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to
them. In vessels where deck cargo may be carried, the positions of the
hydrants shall be such that they are always readily accessible and the
pipes shall be arranged as far as practicable to avoid risk of damage by
such cargo. Unless one fire hose and nozzle is provided for each hydrant,
there shall be complete interchangeability of fire hose couplings and
nozzles.
(4) A cock or valve shall be fitted to serve each fire hose so that
any fire hose may be removed while the fire pumps are operating.
(5) (a) Standard nozzle sizes shall be 12 millimetres, 16 millimetres
and 19 millimetres or as near thereto as possible. Larger diameter nozzles
may be permitted at the discretion of the Administration.
(b) For accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size greater
than 12 millimetres need not be used.
(c) For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the nozzle size
shall be such as to obtain the maximum discharge possible from two jets at
the pressure specified in Regulation 79 (2)(b) from the smallest pump,
provided that a nozzle size greater than 19 millimetres need not be used.
Regulation 81 Fire Extinguishers
(1) Fire extinguishers shall be of approved types. The capacity of
required portable fluid extinguishers shall be not more than 14 litres and
not less than 9 litres. Other extinguishers shall not be in excess of the
equivalent portability of the 14 litre fluid extinguisher and shall not be
less than the fire-extinguishing equivalent of a 9 litre fluid
extinguisher. The Administration shall determine the equivalents of fire
extinguishers.
(2) Spare charges shall be provided to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(3) Fire extinguishers containing an extinguishing medium which, in
the opinion of the Administration, either by itself or under expected
conditions of use, gives off toxic gases in such quantities as to endanger
persons shall not be permitted.
(4) Fire extinguishers shall be periodically examined and subjected to
such tests as the Administration may require.
(5) Normally, one of the portable fire extinguishers intended for use
in any space shall be stowed near an entrance to that space.
Regulation 82 Portable Fire Extinguishers in Control Stations andAccommodation and Service Spaces
(1) At least five approved portable fire extinguishers shall be
provided in control stations and accommodation and service spaces to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
(2) Spare charges shall be provided to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
Regulation 83 Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Machinery Spaces
(1) (a) Spaces containing oil-fired boilers or fuel oil units shall be
provided with one of the following fixed fire-extinguishing systems, to
the satisfaction of the Administration:
(i) a pressure water-spraying installation;
(ii) a fire-smothering gas installation;
(iii) a fire-extinguishing installation using vapours from low
toxicity vapourizing liquids, e.g. bromochlorodifluorometane (BCF) or
bromotrifluoromethane (BTM); or
(iv) a fire-extinguishing installation using high expansion
foam.
Where the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate,
or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine room, the
combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one compartment.
(b) Every boiler room shall be provided with at least one set of
portable air-foam equipment to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(c) At least two approved portable extinguishers discharging foam
or equivalent shall be provided in each firing space in each boiler room
and each space in which a part of the fuel oil installation is situated.
At least one approved foam-type extinguisher of at least 136 litres
capacity or equivalent shall be provided in each boiler room. These
extinguishers shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching
any part of the boiler room. The Administration may relax the requirements
of this sub-paragraph, having regard to the size and nature of the space
to be protected.
(d) In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing
sand, sawdust impregnated with soda or other approved dry material, in
such quantity as may be required by the Administration. Alternatively an
approved portable extinguisher may be provided.
(2) Spaces containing internal combustion machinery used either for
main propulsion or for other purposes, when such machinery has a total
power output of not less than 375 kilowatts, shall be provided with the
following arrangements:
(a) one of the fire-extinguishing systems required by paragraph
(1)(a);
(b) at least one set of portable air-foam equipment to the
satisfaction of the Administration; and
(c) in each such space, approved foam-type fire extinguishers each
of at least 45 litres capacity, or equivalent, sufficient in number to
enable foam or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the fuel
and lubricating oil pressure systems, gearing and other fire hazards. In
addition, there shall be provided a sufficient number of portable foam
extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that an extinguisher
is not more than 10 metres walking distance from any point in the space;
provided that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such
space. For smaller spaces the Administration may relax these requirements.
(3) Spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used
either for main propulsion, or for other purposes, when such machinery
has a total power output of not less than 375 kilowatts shall be provided
with the following arrangements:
(a) foam fire extinguishers each of at least 45 litres capacity,
or equivalent, sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be
directed on to any part of the pressure lubrication system, on to any part
of the casings enclosing pressure lubricated parts of the turbines,
engines or associated gearing, and any other fire hazards. Provided that
such extinguishers shall not be required if protection at least equivalent
to that of this sub-paragraph is provided in such spaces by a fixed
fire-extinguishing system fitted in compliance with paragraph (1)(a); and
(b) a sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers, or
equivalent, which shall be so located that an extinguisher is not more
than 10 metres walking distance from any point in the space; provided that
that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such space,
and such extinguishers shall not be required in addition to any provided
in compliance with paragraph (2)(c).
(4) Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists
in any machinery space for which no specific provisions for
fire-extinguishing appliances are prescribed in paragraphs (1), (2) and
(3) there shall be provided in, or adjacent to, that space a number of
approved portable fire extinguishers or other means of fire extinction to
the satisfaction of the Administration.
(5) Where fixed fire-extinguishing systems not required by this Part
are installed, such systems shall be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(6) For any machinery space of Category A to which access is provided
at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel, there shall be provided in
addition to any watertight door and on the side remote from that machinery
space a light steel fire-screen door which shall be capable of being
operated from each side of the door.
Regulation 84 International Shore Connexion
(1) At least one international shore connexion, complying with
paragraph (2) shall be provided.
(2) Standard dimensions of flanges for the international shore
connexion shall be in accordance with the following table:
|-----------------------
| Description | Dimension |
|-------|---------------|
| Outside diameter | 178 millimetres |
|-------|---------------|
| Inner diameter | 64 millimetres |
|-------|---------------|
| Bolt circle diameter | 132 millimetres |
|-------|---------------|
| 4 holes 19 millimetres in diameter equidistantly placed |
| Slots in flange | on a bolt circle of the above diameter, slotted to the |
| flange periphery |
|-------|---------------|
| Flange thickness | 14.5 millimetres minimum |
|-------|---------------|
| 4 each of 16 millimetres in diameter and 50 millimetres |
| Bolts and nuts |
| in length |
|-----------------------
(3) This connexion shall be constructed of material suitable for 1.0
newton per square millimetre service pressure.
(4) The flange shall have a flat face on one side and the other shall
have a coupling permanently attached thereto that will fit the vessel's
hydrant and hose. The connexion shall be kept aboard the vessel together
with a gasket of any material suitable for 1.0 newton per square
millimetre service pressure, together with four 16 millimetre bolts 50
millimetres in length and eight washers.
(5) Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be used
on either side of the vessel.
Regulation 85 Fireman's Outfits
(1) At least two fireman's outfits shall be carried to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
(2) The fireman's outfits shall be stored so as to be easily
accessible and ready for use and shall be stored in widely separated
positions.
Regulation 86 Fire Control Plan
There shall be a permanently exhibited fire control plan to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
Regulation 87 Ready Availability of Fire-Extinguishing Appliances
Fire-extinguishing appliances shall be kept in good order and
available for immediate use at all times.
Regulation 88 Acceptance of Substitutes
Where in this Part any special type of appliance, apparatus,
extinguishing medium or arrangement is specified, any other type of
appliance, etc., may be allowed, provided the Administration is satisfied
that it is not less effective.
PART B FIRE SAFETY MEASURES IN VESSELS OF LESS THAN 55 METRES INLENGTH
Regulation 89 Structural Fire Protection
(1) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and
deckhouses shall be constructed of non-combustible materials. The
Administration may permit combustible construction provided the
requirements of this Regulation and the additional fire-extinguishing
requirements of Regulation 101(3) are complied with.
(2) (a) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of
non-combustible materials, the decks and bulkheads separating machinery
spaces of Category A from accommodation spaces, service spaces or control
stations shall be constructed to "A-60" Class standard where the machinery
space of Category A is not provided with a fixed fire-extinguishing system
and to "A-30" Class standard where such a system is fitted. Decks and
bulkheads separating other machinery spaces from accommodation, service
spaces and control stations shall be constructed to "A-0" Class standard.
Decks and bulkheads separating control stations from accommodation and
service spaces shall be constructed to "A" Class standard, insulated to
the satisfaction of the Administration, except that an Administration may
permit the fitting of "B-15" Class divisions for separating such spaces as
skipper's cabin from the wheelhouse.
(b) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of combustible
materials, the decks and bulkheads separating machinery spaces from
accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall be
constructed to "F" Class or "B-15" Class standard. In addition, machinery
space boundaries shall as far as practicable prevent the passage of smoke.
Decks and bulkheads separating control stations from accommodation and
service spaces shall be constructed to "F" Class standard.
(3) (a) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of
non-combustible materials, bulkheads of corridors serving accommodation
spaces, service spaces and control stations shall be of "B-15" Class
divisions.
(b) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of combustible
materials, bulkheads of corridors serving accommodation spaces, service
spaces and control stations, shall be of "F" Class divisions.
(c) Any bulkhead required by sub-paragraph (a) or (b) shall extend
from deck to deck unless a continuous ceiling of the same Class as the
bulkhead is fitted on both sides of the bulkhead, in which case the
bulkhead may terminate at the continuous ceiling.
(4) Interior stairways serving accommodation spaces, service spaces or
control stations shall be of steel or other equivalent material. Such
stairways shall be within enclosures constructed of "F" Class divisions in
vessels the hull of which is constructed of combustible materials, or
"B-15" Class divisions in vessels the hull of which is constructed of
non-combustible materials, provided that where a stairway penetrates only
one deck it need be enclosed at one level only.
(5) Doors and other closures of openings in bulkheads and decks
referred to in paragraphs (2) and (3), doors fitted to stairway enclosures
referred to in paragraph (4) and doors fitted in engine and boiler
casings, shall be as far as practicable equivalent in resisting fire to
the divisions in which they are fitted. Doors to machinery spaces of
Category A shall be self-closing.
(6) Lift trunks which pass through the accommodation and service
spaces shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material and shall be
provided with means of closing which will permit control of draught and
smoke.
(7) (a) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of combustible
materials, the boundary bulkheads and decks of spaces containing any
emergency source of power and bulkheads and decks between galleys, paint
rooms, lamp rooms or any store-rooms which contain appreciable quantities
of highly flammable materials, and accommodation spaces, service spaces or
control stations shall be constructed of "F" Class or "B-15" Class
divisions.
(b) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of
non-combustible materials, the decks and bulkheads referred to in
sub-paragraph (a) shall be of "A" Class divisions insulated to the
satisfaction of the Administration, having in mind the risk of fire,
except that the Administration may accept "B-15" Class divisions between a
galley and accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations when
the galley contains electrically heated furnaces, electrically heated hot
water appliances or other electrically heated appliances only.
(c) Highly flammable products shall be carried in suitably sealed
containers.
(8) Where bulkheads or decks required by paragraphs (2), (3), (5) or
(7) to be of "A" Class, "B" Class or "F" Class divisions, are penetrated
for the passage of electrical cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc.,
arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire integrity of the
division is not impaired.
(9) Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panellings or linings in
accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations shall be divided
by close-fitting draught stops spaced not more than 7 metres apart.
(10) Windows and skylights to machinery spaces shall be as follows:
(a) where skylights can be opened they shall be capable of being
closed from outside the space. Skylights containing glass panels shall be
fitted with external shutters of steel or other equivalent material
permanently attached;
(b) glass or similar materials shall not be fitted in machinery
space boundaries. This does not preclude the use of wire-reinforced glass
for skylights and glass in control rooms within the machinery spaces; and
(c) in skylights referred to in sub-paragraph (a) wire-reinforced
glass shall be used.
(11) Insulating materials in accommodation spaces, service spaces
except domestic refrigerating compartments, control stations and machinery
spaces shall be non-combustible. The surface of insulation fitted on the
internal boundaries of machinery spaces of Category A shall be impervious
to oil or oil vapours.
(12) Within compartments used for stowage of fish, combustible
insulation shall be protected by close-fitting cladding.
Regulation 90 Ventilation Systems
(1) Except as provided for in Regulation 91 (2), means shall be
provided to stop fans and close main openings to ventilation systems from
outside the spaces served.
(2) Means shall be provided for closing, from a safe position, the
annular spaces around funnels.
(3) Ventilation openings may be permitted in and under the doors in
corridor bulkheads except that such openings shall not be permitted in and
under stairway enclosure doors. The openings shall be provided only in the
lower half of a door. Where such opening is in or under a door the total
net area of any such opening or openings shall not exceed 0.05 square
metres. When such opening is cut in a door it shall be fitted with a
grille made of non-combustible material.
(4) Ventilation ducts for machinery spaces of Category A or galleys
shall not in general pass through accommodation spaces, service spaces or
control stations. Where the Administration permits this arrangement, the
ducts shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material and arranged to
preserve the integrity of the divisions.
(5) Ventilation ducts of accommodation spaces, service spaces or
control stations shall not in general pass through machinery spaces of
Category A or through galleys. Where the Administration permits this
arrangement the ducts shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material
and arranged to preserve the integrity of the divisions.
(6) Store-rooms containing appreciable quantities of highly flammable
products shall be provided with ventilation arrangements which are
separate from other ventilation systems. Ventilation shall be arranged at
high and low levels and the inlets and outlets of ventilators shall be
positioned in safe areas and fitted with spark arresters.
(7) Ventilation systems serving machinery spaces shall be independent
of systems serving other spaces.
(8) Where trunks or ducts serve spaces on both sides of "A" Class
bulkheads or decks dampers shall be fitted so as to prevent the spread of
fire and smoke between compartments. Manual dampers shall be operable from
both sides of the bulkhead or the deck. Where the trunks or ducts with a
free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 square metres pass through "A"
Class bulkheads or decks, automatic self-closing dampers shall be fitted.
Trunks serving compartments situated only on one side of such bulkheads
shall comply with Regulation 70 (2) (b).
Regulation 91 Heating Installations
(1) Electric radiators shall be fixed in position and so constructed
as to reduce fire risks to a minimum. No such radiator shall be fitted
with an element so exposed that clothing, curtains or other similar
materials can be scorched or set on fire by heat from the element.
(2) Heating by means of open fires shall not be permitted. Heating
stoves and other similar appliances shall be firmly secured and adequate
protection and insulation against fire shall be provided beneath and
around such appliances and in way of their uptakes. Uptakes of stoves
which burn solid fuel shall be so arranged and designed as to minimize the
possibility of becoming blocked by combustion products and shall have a
ready means for cleaning. Dampers for limiting draughts in uptakes shall,
when in the closed position, still leave an adequate area open. Spaces in
which stoves are installed shall be provided with ventilators of
sufficient area to provide adequate combustion-air for the stove. Such
ventilators shall have no means of closure and their position shall be
such that no closing appliances in accordance with Regulation 20 are
required.
(3) Open flame gas appliances, except cooking stoves and water
heaters, shall not be permitted. Spaces containing any such stoves or
water heaters shall have adequate ventilation to remove fumes and possible
gas leakage to a safe place. All pipes conveying gas from container to
stove or water heater shall be of steel or other approved material.
Automatic safety gas shutoff devices shall be fitted to operate on loss of
pressure in the gas main pipe or flame failure on any appliance.
Regulation 92 Miscellaneous Items*
[* See Guidance Concerning the Use of Certain Plastic Materials
contained in Recommendation 8 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the
Conference.]
(1) Exposed surfaces within accommodation spaces, service spaces,
control stations, corridor and stairway enclosures and the concealed
surfaces behind bulkheads, ceilings, panellings and linings in
accommodation spaces, service spaces, and control stations shall have low
flame-spread characteristics.
(2) All exposed surfaces of glass reinforced plastic construction
within accommodation and service spaces, control stations, machinery
spaces of Category A and other machinery spaces of similar fire risk shall
have the final lay-up layer of approved resin having inherent
fire-retardant properties or be coated with an approved fire-retardant
paint or be protected by non-combustible materials.
(3) Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior
surfaces shall not be capable of producing excessive quantities of smoke
or toxic gases or vapours. The Administration shall be satisfied that they
are not of a nature to offer an undue fire hazard.
(4) Primary deck coverings within accommodation and service spaces and
control stations, shall be of approved material which will not readily
ignite or give rise to toxic or explosive hazards at elevated
temperatures.*
[* For vessels the decks of which are constructed of steel see
Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test Procedures for Primary Deck
Coverings adopted by the Organization by Resolution A. 214 (VII).]
(5) (a) In accommodation and service spaces and control stations,
pipes penetrating "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be of approved
materials having regard to the temperature such divisions are required to
withstand. Where the Administration permits the conveying of oil and
combustible liquids through accommodation and service spaces, the pipes
conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of an approved material
having regard to the fire risk.
(b) Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be
used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which
are close to the waterline and where the failure of the material in the
event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.
(6) All waste receptacles other than those used in fish processing
shall be constructed of noncombustible materials with no openings in the
sides and bottom.
(7) Machinery driving fuel oil transfer pumps, fuel oil unit pumps and
other similar fuel pumps shall be fitted with remote controls situated
outside the space concerned so that they can be stopped in the event of a
fire arising in the space in which they are located.
(8) Drip trays shall be fitted where necessary to prevent oil leaking
into bilges.
Regulation 93 Storage of Gas Cylinders and Dangerous Materials
(1) Cylinders for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases shall be
clearly marked by means of prescribed identifying colours, have a clearly
legible identification of the name and chemical formula of their contents
and be properly secured.
(2) Cylinders containing flammable or other dangerous gases and
expended cylinders shall be stored, properly secured, on open decks and
all valves, pressure regulators and pipes leading from such cylinders
shall be protected against damage. Cylinders shall be protected against
excessive variations in temperature, direct rays of the sun, and
accumulation of snow. However, the Administration may permit such
cylinders to be stored in compartments complying with the requirements of
paragraphs (3) to (5).
(3) Spaces containing highly flammable liquids, such as volatile
paints, paraffin, benzole, etc., and, where permitted, liquefied gas,
shall have direct access from open decks only. Pressure-adjusting devices
and relief valves shall exhaust within the compartment. Where boundary
bulkheads of such compartments adjoin other enclosed spaces they shall be
gastight.
(4) Except as necessary for service within the space, electrical
wiring and fittings shall not be permitted within compartments used for
the storage of highly flammable liquids or liquefied gases. Where such
electrical fittings are installed, they shall be to the satisfaction of
the Administration for use in a flammable atmosphere. Sources of heat
shall be kept clear of such spaces and "No Smoking" and "No Naked Light"
notices shall be displayed in a prominent position.
(5) Separate storage shall be provided for each type of compressed
gas. Compartments used for the storage of such gases shall not be used for
storage of other combustible products nor for tools or objects not part of
the gas distribution system. However, the Administration may relax these
requirements considering the characteristics, volume and intended use of
such compressed gases.
Regulation 94 Means of Escape
(1) Stairways and ladders leading to and from all accommodation spaces
and in spaces in which the crew is normally employed, other than machinery
spaces, shall be so arranged as to provide ready means of escape to the
open deck and thence to the survival craft. In particular in relation to
these spaces:
(a) at all levels of accommodation at least two widely separated
means of escape shall be provided which may include the normal means of
access from each restricted space or group of spaces;
(b) (i) below the weather deck the means of escape shall be a
stairway and the second escape may be a trunk or a stairway; and
(ii) above the weather deck the means of escape shall be
stairways or doors to an open deck or a combination thereof. Where it is
not practicable to fit stairways or doors, one of these means of escape
may be by means of adequately sized portholes or hatches protected where
necessary against ice accretion;
(c) exceptionally the Administration may permit only one means of
escape, due regard being paid to the nature and location of spaces and to
the number of persons who normally might be accommodated or employed
there;
(d) a corridor or part of a corridor from which there is only one
route of escape shall not exceed 2.5 metres in length;
(e) the width and continuity of the means of escape shall be to
the satisfaction of the Administration; and
(f) two means of escape from a radiotelegraph station which has no
direct access to the open deck shall be provided and these shall be to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
(2) Two means of escape shall be provided from every machinery space
of Category A which shall be as widely separated as possible. Vertical
escapes shall be by means of steel ladders. Where the size of the
machinery spaces makes it impracticable, one of these means of escape may
be omitted. In such cases special consideration shall be given to the
remaining exit.
(3) Lifts shall not be considered as forming one of the required means
of escape.
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