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TORREMOLINOS INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF FISHINGVESSELS, 1977

TORREMOLINOS INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF FISHINGVESSELS, 1977 Place Signed (Signature of duly authorized official) Date APPENDIX 2 SPECIFICATION FOR LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES 1. Construction of Lifeboats 1.1 Rigid Lifeboats 1.1.1 Lifeboats shall have rigid sides and internal buoyancy only. The Administration may approve lifeboats with a rigid shelter, provided that it may be readily opened from both inside and outside, and does not impede rapid embarkation and disembarkation or the launching and handling of the lifeboat.

1.1.2 Lifeboats shall be not less than 7.3 metres in length except where owing to the size of the vessel, or for other reasons, the Administration considers the carriage of such lifeboats unreasonable or impracticable. No lifeboat shall be less than 4.9 metres in length.

1.1.3 No lifeboat shall be approved the mass of which when fully laden with persons and equipment exceeds 20300 kilogrammes or which has a carrying capacity calculated in accordance with Regulation 112(3) of more than 150 persons.

1.1.4 Lifeboats permitted to carry more than 60 persons shall be motor lifeboats complying with the requirements of Section 2.1 of this Appendix.

1.1.5 Lifeboats shall be of sufficient strength to enable them to be safely lowered into the water with their full complement of persons and equipment and will not suffer residual deflection if subjected to an overload of 25 per cent.

1.1.6 Lifeboats shall have a mean sheer at least equal to 4 per cent of their length. The sheer shall be approximately parabolic in form.

1.1.7 Lifeboats shall have inherent buoyancy, or shall be fitted with watertight air cases or other equivalent non-corrodible buoyant material which shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products, sufficient to float the lifeboat and its equipment when the lifeboat is flooded and open to the sea. An additional volume of watertight air cases or other equivalent non-corrodible buoyant material, which shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products, equal to at least one tenth of the cubic capacity of the lifeboat shall be provided. The Administration may permit the watertight air cases to be filled with a non-corrodible buoyant material which shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products.

1.1.8 Thwarts and side seats shall be fitted as low in the lifeboat as practicable.

1.1.9 The block coefficient of the cubic capacity, as determined in accordance with Section 3 of this Appendix, of lifeboats, except wooden lifeboats made of planks, shall be not less than 0.64 provided that any such lifeboat may have a block coefficient of less than 0.64 if the Administration is satisfied that the metacentric height and freeboard are adequate when the lifeboat is loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment.

1.1.10 Arrangements shall be provided for adequately siting and securing in the operating position the antenna provided with the portable radio equipment referred to in Regulation 122.

1.2 Inflated Lifeboats 1.2.1 The lifeboat's buoyancy shall consist of at least two inflated tubes arranged one on top of the other on both sides of the lifeboat.

1.2.2 The buoyancy tubes shall be made of approved material.

1.2.3 (a) The minimum diameter of the buoyancy tubes shall not be less than: (i) 350 millimetres for lifeboats certified to carry not more than 15 persons; and (ii) 400 millimetres for lifeboats certified to carry more than 15 persons.

(b) Where the buoyancy tubes are of different diameters the tube with the larger diameter shall be the lower tube.

1.2.4 The buoyancy of the lifeboat, when loaded with the full complement of persons and equipment, shall be so arranged as to ensure by division into a number of separate compartments that, after a loss of 50 per cent of its buoyancy in any part or parts of its buoyancy tubes, the lifeboat remains stable and maintains adequately its shape to provide sufficient space for its full complement of persons. Each compartment shall be capable of being inflated separately.

1.2.5 Lifeboats shall be so constructed as to maintain their shape and rigidity in all operating and loading conditions.

1.2.6 Lifeboats shall be so constructed as to be capable of withstanding exposure for 30 days afloat in all sea conditions and have a sufficient margin of durability to ensure that their performance will not be affected by being stowed on an exposed deck during the period between normal inspections.

1.2.7 The floor of lifeboat shall be waterproof and provide an efficient working platform of adequate strength capable of withstanding all stresses to which it may be subjected in all operating conditions, including lowering of the lifeboat loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment.

1.2.8 The stability of a lifeboat shall be adequate and positive when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment.

1.2.9 The ratio of length to width of a lifeboat shall not exceed 2.2, unless the Administration is satisfied that departure from this ratio will not impair the seaworthiness of the lifeboat.

1.2.10 Lifeboats shall be of sufficient strength to enable them to be safely lowered into the water with their full complement of persons and equipment. They shall be strong enough to withstand a 25 per cent overload test without significant distortion or any resultant permanent deformation.

1.2.11 Materials used in the construction of lifeboats shall be unaffected by oil or oil products and be highly resistant to ultraviolet light. The lifeboat shall be capable of operating throughout a temperature range of plus 66 degrees celsius to minus 30 degrees celsius.

1.2.12 Rowing and seating thwarts shall be arranged as low as possible in the lifeboat. An adequate number of suitably positioned anti-capsizing bags shall be fitted, unless the Administration is satisfied that the stability and seaworthiness of the lifeboat when not fitted with anticapsizing bags is sufficient.

1.2.13 A suitable cover for protecting the occupants against injury from exposure shall be provided. The cover and the upper buoyancy tube shall be of a highly visible colour.

1.2.14 An adequate number of strong patches shall be provided for attaching fittings and securing equipment.

1.2.15 Rubbing strips shall be fitted underneath the bottom of the boat and along the lower buoyancy tube.

1.2.16 Arrangements shall be provided for adequately siting and securing in the operating position the antenna provided with the portable radio equipment referred to in Regulation 122.

2. Motor Lifeboats The provisions of this Section are in addition to the provisions of Section 1 of this Appendix.

2.1 Rigid Motor Lifeboats 2.1.1 Motor lifeboats shall be fitted with a compression ignition engine which shall be kept so as to be at all times ready for use and be capable of being readily started in all conditions; sufficient fuel for at least 24 hours continuous operation at the speed specified in paragraph 2.1.3 of this Section shall be provided.

2.1.2 The engine and its accessories shall be suitably enclosed to ensure operation under adverse weather conditions, and the engine casing shall be fire-resisting. Provision shall be made for going astern.

2.1.3 The speed ahead of the motor lifeboats in smooth water when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment shall be at least 6 knots.

2.1.4 Adequate protection from the propeller shall be provided for persons in the water.

2.1.5 The volume of the internal buoyancy appliances of a motor lifeboat shall be increased above that required by paragraph 1.1.7 of this Appendix by the amount, if any, by which the volume of the internal buoyancy appliances required to support the engine and its accessories, and, if fitted, the searchlight and radiotelegraph installation and their accessories, exceeds the volume of the internal buoyancy appliances required, at the rate of 0.0283 cubic metres per person, to support the additional persons which the lifeboat could accommodate if the motor and its accessories, and, if fitted, the searchlight and radiotelegraph installation and their accessories, were removed.

2.1.6 The radio installation required by Regulation 137 shall be installed in a cabin large enough to accommodate both the equipment and the person using it. The arrangements shall be such that the efficient operation of the transmitter and receiver shall not be interfered with by the engine while it is running, whether a battery is on charge or not. The radio battery shall not be used to supply power to any engine starting motor or ignition system. The motor lifeboat engine shall be fitted with a dynamo for recharging the radio battery, and for other services.

2.1.7 The searchlight required by Regulation 123 shall include a lamp, an efficient reflector and a source of power which will give effective illumination of a light-coloured object having a width of about 18 metres at a distance of 180 metres for a total period of 6 hours and shall be capable of working for at least 3 hours continuously.

2.2 Inflated Motor Lifeboats 2.2.1 An inflated motor lifeboat shall be fitted with a compression ignition motor permanently attached to the lifeboat. The motor shall be kept at all times ready for use and be capable of being readily started in all conditions; sufficient fuel for at least 24 hours continuous operation at a speed specified in paragraph 2.2.3 of this Section shall be provided.

2.2.2 The motor and its accessories shall be of such construction as to ensure operation under adverse weather conditions. Provisions shall be made for going astern. Adequate protection from the propeller shall be provided for persons in the water.

2.2.3 The speed ahead of the motor lifeboat in smooth water when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment shall be at least 6 knots.

2.2.4 The reserve buoyancy shall be increased above that required by paragraph 1.2.4 of this Appendix by an amount sufficient to support the motor and its accessories.

3. Capacity of Rigid Lifeboats 3.1 The capacity in cubic metres of a lifeboat calculated by the aid of Stirling's Rule may be considered as given by the following formula: |--| | L | | 1 | |--| ----(4A+2B+4C) 12 |--| where| L | is the length of the lifeboat in metres from the inside of | 1 | |--| the planking or plating at the stem to the corresponding point at the stern post; in the case of a lifeboat with a square stern, the length is measured to the inside of the transom; and A, B and C denote respectively the areas of the cross sections at the quarter-length forward, amidships, and the quarter-length aft, which correspond to the three points obtained |--| by dividing | L | into four equal parts. (The areas corresponding to the | 1 | |--| two ends of the length lifeboat are considered negligible.) The areas A, B and C shall be deemed to be given in square metres by the successive application of the following formula to each of the three cross sections: h --(a+4b+2c+4d+e) 12 where h is the depth measured in metres inside the planking or plating from the keel to the level of the gunwale, or, in certain cases, to a lower level as determined hereafter; and a, b, c, d, e denote the horizontal breadths of the lifeboat measured in metres at the upper and lower points of the depth and at the three points obtained by dividing h into four equal parts (a and e being the breadths at the extreme point, and c at the middle point of h.) 3.2 If the sheer of the gunwale, measured at the two points situated at a quarter of the length of the lifeboat from the ends, exceeds 1 per cent of the length of the lifeboat the depth employed in calculating the area of the cross sections A or C shall be deemed to be the depth amidships plus 1 per cent of the length of the lifeboat.

3.3 If the depth of the lifeboat amidships exceeds 45 per cent of the breadth, the depth employed in calculating the area of the amidship cross section B shall be deemed to be equal to 45 per cent of the breadth, and the depth employed in calculating the areas of the quarter-length sections A and C is obtained by increasing this last figure by an amount equal to 1 per cent of the length of the lifeboat, provided that in no case shall the depths employed in the calculation exceed the actual depths at these points.

3.4 If the depth of the lifeboat is greater than 1.22 metres the number of persons given by the application of this Appendix in the manner specified in Regulation 112 shall be reduced in proportion to the ratio of 1.22 metres to the actual depth until the lifeboat has been satisfactorily tested afloat with that number of persons on board, all wearing life-jackets of an approved type.

3.5 The Administration shall impose, by suitable formulae, a limit for the number of persons allowed in lifeboats with very fine ends and in lifeboats very full in form.

3.6 The Administration may assign to a lifeboat constructed of wooden planks a capacity equal to the product of the length, the breadth and the depth multiplied by 0.6 if it is evident that this formula does not give a greater capacity than that obtained by the above method. The dimensions shall then be measured in the following manner: Length: From the intersection of the outside of the planking with the stem to the corresponding point at the stern post or, in the case of a square-sterned boat, to the afterside of the transom.

Breadth: From the outside of the planking at the point where the breadth of the boat is greatest.

Depth: Amidships inside the planking from the keel to the level of the gunwale, but the depth used in calculating the cubic capacity may not in any case exceed 45 per cent of the breadth.

In all cases the owner of the vessel has the right to require that the cubic capacity of the lifeboat shall be determined by exact measurement.

3.7 The cubic capacity of a motor lifeboat shall be obtained from the gross capacity by deducting a volume equal to that occupied by the motor and its accessories and, when carried, the radiotelegraph installation and searchlight with their accessories.

4. Liferafts 4.1 Rigid Liferafts 4.1.1 A liferaft shall be so constructed that its air cases or buoyant material are placed as near as possible to its sides.

4.1.2 The deck area of the liferaft shall be situated within that part of the liferaft which affords protection to its occupants. The nature of the deck shall be such as to prevent so far as practicable the ingress of water and it shall effectively support the occupants out of the water.

4.1.3 The liferaft shall be fitted with a cover or equivalent arrangement of a highly visible colour, which shall be capable of protecting the occupants against injury from exposure whichever way up the liferaft is floating.

4.1.4 The total mass of a liferaft and its equipment shall not exceed 180 kilogrammes except that such total weight may be exceeded where the liferaft is capable of being launched from both sides of the vessel or if means are provided for putting it into the water mechanically on either side of the vessel.

4.1.5 The liferaft shall have a painter attached and a lifeline securely becketed round the outside. A lifeline shall also be fitted round the inside of the liferaft.

4.1.6 The liferaft shall be fitted at each opening with efficient means to enable persons in the water to climb on board.

4.1.7 The liferaft shall be so constructed as not to be affected by oil or oil products.

4.1.8 A buoyant light of the electric battery type shall be attached to the liferaft by a lanyard.

4.1.9 The liferaft shall be fitted with arrangements enabling it to be readily towed.

4.1.10 The liferaft shall be so stowed as to float free in the event of the vessel sinking.

4.1.11 Arrangements shall be provided for adequately siting and securing in the operating position the antenna provided with the portable radio equipment referred to in Regulation 122.

4.1.12 A liferaft designed for use with a launching appliance shall be properly constructed for the purpose for which it is intended and shall be of sufficient strength to permit it to be safely lowered into the water when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment.

4.2 Inflatable Liferafts* [* See Recommendation on the Conditions for the Approval of Servicing Stations for Inflatable Liferafts, adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.333(IX).] 4.2.1 A liferaft shall be so constructed that, when fully inflated and floating with the cover uppermost, it shall be stable in a seaway.

4.2.2 The liferaft shall be so constructed that if it is dropped into the water from a height of 18 metres, neither the liferaft nor its equipment will be damaged. If the liferaft is to be stowed on the vessel at a height above the water of more than 18 metres, it shall be of a type which has been satisfactorily drop-tested from a height at least equal to the height at which it is to be stowed.

4.2.3 The construction of the liferaft shall include a cover which shall automatically be set in place when the liferaft is inflated. This cover shall be capable of protecting the occupants against injury from exposure, and means shall be provided for collecting rain. The top of the cover shall be fitted with a lamp which derives its luminosity from a sea-activated cell and a similar lamp shall also be fitted inside the liferaft. The cover of the liferaft shall be of a highly visible colour.

4.2.4 The liferaft shall be fitted with a painter and shall have a line securely becketed round the outside. A lifeline shall also be fitted around the inside of the liferaft.

4.2.5 The liferaft shall be capable of being readily righted by one person if it inflates in an inverted position.

4.2.6 The liferaft shall be fitted at each opening with efficient means to enable persons in the water to climb on board.

4.2.7 The liferaft shall be contained in a valise or other container so constructed as to be capable of withstanding hard wear under conditions met with at sea. The liferaft in its valise or other container shall be inherently buoyant.

4.2.8 The buoyancy of the liferaft shall be so arranged as to ensure by a division into an even number of separate compartments, half of which shall be capable of supporting out of the water the number of persons which the liferaft is permitted to accommodate, or by some other equally efficient means, that there is a reasonable margin of buoyancy if the liferaft is damaged or partially fails to inflate.

4.2.9 The total mass of the liferaft, its valise or other container and its equipment shall not exceed 180 kilogrammes.

4.2.10 The floor of the liferaft shall be waterproof and shall be capable of being sufficiently insulated against cold.

4.2.11 The liferaft shall be inflated by a gas which is not injurious to the occupants and the inflation shall take place automatically either on the pulling of a line or by some equally simple and efficient method.

Means shall be provided whereby the topping-up pump or bellows required by paragraph 6.5.7 of this Appendix may be used to maintain pressure.

4.2.12 The liferaft shall be of approved material and construction, and shall be so constructed as to be capable of withstanding exposure for 30 days afloat in all sea conditions.

4.2.13 Materials used in the construction of liferafts shall be unaffected by oil or oil products. The liferaft shall be capable of operating over a temperature range of plus 66 degrees celsius to minus 30 degrees celsius.

4.2.14 The liferaft shall be fitted with arrangements enabling it to be readily towed.

4.2.15 Arrangements shall be provided for adequately siting and securing in the operating position the antenna provided with the portable radio equipment referred to in Regulation 122.

4.2.16 A liferaft designed for use with a launching appliance shall be properly constructed for the purpose for which it is intended and shall be of sufficient strength to permit it to be safely lowered into the water when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment.

5. Rescue Boats 5.1 Rigid Rescue Boats 5.1.1 Rescue boats shall be open and constructed with rigid sides. The Administration may approve rescue boats with a rigid shelter, provided that it may be readily opened from inside and outside and does not impede the function of the rescue boat, its rapid embarkation and disembarkation, or the launching, handling and recovering of the rescue boat.

5.1.2 Thwarts and side seats shall be fitted as low as practicable in the rescue boat and bottom boards shall be fitted.

5.1.3 Internal buoyancy appliances shall be fitted which shall be so placed as to secure stability when the rescue boat is fully laden under adverse weather conditions.

5.1.4 Internal buoyancy appliances shall be fitted which shall consist either of air cases or buoyant material which shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products and which shall not adversely affect the rescue boat.

5.1.5 The total volume of the internal buoyancy appliances shall be such that it will be at least equal to the sum of the volume of: (a) that required to float the rescue boat and its full equipment when the rescue boat is flooded and open to the sea so that the top of the gunwale amidships is not submerged; and (b) that equal to 7.5 per cent of the cubic capacity of the rescue boat which shall be determined in the same manner as that prescribed for lifeboats in Regulation 112.

5.1.6 Where an engine is fitted adequate protection from the propeller shall be provided for persons in the water.

5.1.7 Motor rescue boats shall be fitted with a compression ignition engine which shall be kept so as to be at all times ready for use and be capable of being readily started in all conditions. The speed ahead of the motor rescue boat in smooth water when loaded with its full complement of persons shall be at least 6 knots.

5.2 Inflatable Rescue Boats 5.2.1 The rescue boat shall be so constructed as to be capable of withstanding exposure for 30 days afloat in all sea conditions.

5.2.2 The rescue boat shall be capable of operating throughout a temperature range of plus 66 degrees celsius to minus 30 degrees celsius.

5.2.3 Materials, components and accessories used in the construction of rescue boats shall be approved and resistant to the effect of humidity, biological action and oil or oil products and highly resistant to ultraviolet light and have sufficient margin of durability to ensure that their performance will not be affected by being stowed on an exposed deck during the period between normal inspections without other maintenance than the vessel's crew can carry out.

5.2.4 The buoyancy compartments forming the boundary of the rescue boat shall on inflation provide at least 0.17 cubic metres of volume for each person the rescue boat is certified to accommodate. The diameter of the main buoyancy compartment of a single-tube rescue boat shall be at least 400 millimetres.

5.2.5 Buoyancy shall be provided by a number of separate compartments in such a manner that the deflation of any one compartment does not impair the effective function of the rescue boat.

5.2.6 Each buoyancy compartment shall be fitted with a non-return valve for manual inflation and means for deflation. A safety relief valve shall also be fitted unless the Administration is satisfied that such an appliance is not necessary.

5.2.7 Where more than one tube is fitted the volume of either tube shall not exceed 60 per cent of the total volume.

5.2.8 A rescue boat propelled by oars shall be provided with rowlocks and thwarts. Thwarts shall be fitted as low as practicable in the boat.

5.2.9 The floor of the rescue boat shall be waterproof and shall provide an efficient working platform.

5.2.10 Underneath the bottom and on vulnerable places on the outside of the rescue boat, rubbing strips shall be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration.

5.2.11 Where a transom is fitted it shall not be inset by more than 25 per cent of the overall length of the rescue boat.

5.2.12 Unless the rescue boat has adequate sheer a bow cover extending for at least 15 per cent of the overall length of the boat shall be provided.

5.2.13 The upper part of the rescue boat or a bow cover shall be of a highly visible colour.

5.2.14 Suitable patches shall be provided for securing the painters fore and aft and the becketed lifelines inside and outside the rescue boat.

5.2.15 Where an engine is fitted adequate protection from the propeller shall be provided for persons in the water.

5.2.16 The rescue boat shall be maintained at all times in a fully inflated condition unless approved means for rapidly inflating the rescue boat and for protecting the uninflated rescue boat against damage is provided.

5.2.17 The rescue boat shall be capable of being readily righted if floating in an inverted position.

6. Equipment for Survival Craft and Rescue Boats The equipment, with the exception of any boat hooks which shall be kept ready for fending purposes, shall be secured within the craft or boat. The fastening devices shall be so arranged as to ensure safe stowage of the equipment and to prevent any obstruction for a rapid embarkation and handling during the launching operation. Small items of equipment shall be kept in a bag or container fastened to the craft or boat or in a locker conspicuously marked. In rigid liferafts the equipment shall be so stowed as to be readily available whichever way up the raft is floating.

All items of equipment should be as small and light as practicable.

6.1 Equipment for Rigid Lifeboats 6.1.1 A single banked complement of buoyant oars, two spare buoyant oars, and a buoyant steering oar; a set and a half of crutches or those pins attached to the boat by lanyard or chain.

6.1.2 A boat hook.

6.1.3 Two plugs for each plug hole (plugs are not required when proper automatic valves are fitted) attached to the boat by lanyards or chains.

6.1.4 A bailer and two buckets of approved material.

6.1.5 A rudder attached to the boat and a tiller.

6.1.6 A mast or masts with galvanized wire stays together with orange coloured sails.

6.1.7 A lifeline becketed round the outside of the boat; an approved means to enable persons to cling to the boat if upturned in the form of bilge keels or keel rails, together with grab lines secured from gunwale to gunwale under the keel; or other approved arrangements.

6.1.8 Two hatchets, one at each end of the boat.

6.1.9 A lamp with oil sufficient for 12 hours.

6.1.10 A watertight container with two boxes of matches not readily extinguishable by wind.

6.1.11 An efficient compass in binnacle, to be luminized or fitted with suitable means of illumination.

6.1.12 A sea anchor of approved size with a line of adequate strength and length.

6.1.13 Two painters of adequate length and strength. One shall be secured to the forward end of the boat with a strop and toggle so that it can be readily released and the other shall be firmly secured to the stem of the boat and be ready for use.

6.1.14 A vessel containing 4.5 litres of vegetable, fish or animal oil, capable of easily distributing oil on the water surface and capable of being attached to the sea anchor.

6.1.15 Four parachute distress signals of an approved type capable of giving a bright red light at a high altitude and six hand-held distress flare signals of an approved type capable of giving a bright red light.

6.1.16 Two buoyant smoke signals of an approved type (for daytime use) capable of giving off a volume of orange coloured smoke.

6.1.17 An approved first-aid outfit in a watertight case.

6.1.18 A waterproof electric torch suitable for Morse signalling, together with a spare set of batteries and a spare bulb in a watertight container.

6.1.19 A daylight signalling mirror of an approved type.

6.1.20 A jack-knife fitted with a tin-opener to be kept attached to the lifeboat with a lanyard.

6.1.21 Two light buoyant heaving lines.

6.1.22 A manual pump of an approved type.

6.1.23 A whistle or equivalent sound signal.

6.1.24 An approved radar reflector. * [* See Recommendation on Performance Standards for Radar Reflectors adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.277 (VIII).] 6.1.25 A set of fishing tackle.

6.1.26 An approved cover of a highly visible colour capable of protecting the occupants against injury from exposure.

6.1.27 A copy of a suitable rescue signal table.

6.1.28 Instructions on how to survive in the boat.

6.1.29 Means to enable persons in the water to climb into the boat.

6.1.30 A food ration totalling not less than 8000 kilojoules for each person the boat is certified to carry, to be kept in airtight receptacles within a watertight container.

6.1.31 Watertight receptacles containing 3 litres of fresh water for each person the boat is certified to carry, or watertight receptacles containing 2 litres of fresh water for each person together with an approved de-salting apparatus capable of providing 1 litre of fresh water per person; a rust-proof dipper with lanyard; a rust-proof graduated drinking vessel.

6.2 Equipment for Rigid Motor Lifeboats 6.2.1 All the equipment listed in Section 6.1 of this Appendix; however, motor lifeboats need not carry a mast or sails or more than half the complement of oars, but they shall carry two boat hooks.

6.2.2 Portable fire-extinguishing equipment of an approved type capable of discharging foam or other suitable substance for extinguishing oil fires.

6.2.3 The equipment referred to in Regulation 123 if applicable.

6.3 Equipment for Inflated Lifeboats 6.3.1 A single banked complement of buoyant oars, two spare buoyant oars and a buoyant steering oar; a set of rowlocks and a steering rowlock firmly attached to the boat.

6.3.2 A boat hook with ball point.

6.3.3 Two plugs for each plug hole (plugs are not required when proper automatic valves are fitted) attached by lanyards to the boat.

6.3.4 A sponge, a bailer and two buckets of approved material.

6.3.5 A lifeline becketed round the outside of the upper tube and a lifeline becketed round the inside of the upper tube of the boat together with grab lines secured from gunwale to gunwale under the keel or other approved arrangements.

6.3.6 A lamp with oil sufficient for 12 hours.

6.3.7 A watertight container with two boxes of matches not readily extinguishable by wind.

6.3.8 An efficient compass in binnacle, to be luminized or fitted with suitable means of illumination.

6.3.9 A sea anchor of approved size with a line of adequate strength and length.

6.3.10 Two painters of adequate length and strength. One shall be secured to the forward end of the boat with a strop and toggle so that it can be readily released and the other shall be firmly secured to the stem of the boat and be ready for use.

6.3.11 A vessel containing 4.5 litres of vegetable, fish or animal oil, capable of easily distributing oil on the water surface and capable of being attached to the sea anchor.

6.3.12 Four parachute distress signals of an approved type capable of giving a bright red light at a high altitude; six hand-held distress flare signals of an approved type giving a bright red light.

6.3.13 Two buoyant smoke signals of an approved type (for daytime use) capable of releasing a volume of orange coloured smoke.

6.3.14 An approved first-aid outfit in a watertight case.

6.3.15 A waterproof electric torch suitable for Morse signalling together with a spare set of batteries and a spare bulb in a watertight container.

6.3.16 A daylight signalling mirror of an approved type.

6.3.17 A safety knife to be kept attached by a lanyard to the boat.

6.3.18 Two light buoyant heaving lines.

6.3.19 A whistle or equivalent sound signal.

6.3.20 An approved radar reflector.* [* See Recommendation on Performance Standards for Radar Reflectors adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.277 (VIII).] 6.3.21 A set of fishing tackle.

6.3.22 An approved cover of a highly visible colour capable of protecting the occupants against injury from exposure.

6.3.23 A copy of a suitable rescue signal table.

6.3.24 Instructions on how to survive in the boat.

6.3.25 An approved repair outfit for repairing punctures in buoyancy compartments.

6.3.26 A topping-up pump or bellows.

6.3.27 A pressure gauge for controlling the filling pressure.

6.3.28 Means to enable persons in the water to climb into the boat.

6.3.29 Arrangements to enable the boat to be readily towed.

6.3.30 A food ration totalling not less than 8000 kilojoules for each person the boat is certified to carry, to be kept in airtight receptacles within a watertight container.

6.3.31 Watertight receptacles containing 3 litres of fresh water for each person the boat is certified to carry, or watertight receptacles containing 2 litres of fresh water for each person together with an approved de-salting apparatus capable of providing 1 litre of fresh water per person; a rust-proof dipper with lanyard; a rust-proof graduated drinking vessel.

6.3.32 Three safety tin-openers.

6.4 Equipment for Inflated Motor Lifeboats 6.4.1 All the equipment listed in Section 6.3 of this Appendix.

6.4.2 Portable fire extinguishing equipment of an approved type capable of discharging foam or other suitable substance for extinguishing oil fires.

6.4.3 The equipment referred to in Regulation 123, if applicable.

6.5 Equipment for Liferafts 6.5.1 Two paddles.

6.5.2 A buoyant rescue quoit, attached to at least 30 metres of buoyant line.

6.5.3 For liferafts which are permitted to accommodate not more than 12 persons: a safety knife and one bailer. For liferafts which are permitted to accommodate 13 persons or more: two safety knives and two bailers.

6.5.4 Two sponges.

6.5.5 Two sea anchors, one permanently attached to the liferaft and a spare with line.

6.5.6 A repair outfit capable of repairing punctures in buoyancy compartments unless the liferaft complies with the requirements of Section 4.1 of this Appendix.

6.5.7 A topping-up pump or bellows, unless the liferaft complies with Section 4.1 of this Appendix.

6.5.8 Three safety tin-openers.

6.5.9 An approved fire-aid outfit in a waterproof case.

6.5.10 A waterproof electric torch suitable for Morse signalling, together with a spare set of batteries and a spare bulb in a watertight container.

6.5.11 A daylight signalling mirror of an approved type and a signalling whistle.

6.5.12 Two parachute distress signals of an approved type capable of giving a bright red light at a high altitude.

6.5.13 Six hand-held distress flare signals of an approved type capable of giving a bright red light.

6.5.14 A set of fishing tackle.

6.5.15 A food ration totalling not less than 8000 kilojoules for each person the liferaft is permitted to carry, to be kept in airtight receptacles.

6.5.16 Watertight receptacles containing 1.5 litres of fresh water for each person the liferaft is permitted to accommodate, of which 0.5 litre per person may be replaced by a suitable desalting apparatus capable of producing an equal amount of fresh water, and a rust-proof graduated drinking vessel.

6.5.17 Six anti-seasickness tablets or approved equivalent medicine for each person which the liferaft is permitted to accommodate.

6.5.18 Instructions on how to survive in the liferaft.

6.5.19 A copy of a suitable rescue signal table.

6.6 Equipment for Rigid Rescue Boats 6.6.1 A single banked complement of buoyant oars and a spare buoyant oar but not less than three oars; a set of those pins or crutches attached to the boat by lanyard or chain.

6.6.2 A boat hook.

6.6.3 Two plugs for each plug hole (plugs are not required when proper automatic valves are fitted) attached to the boat by lanyards or chains.

6.6.4 A bailer and a bucket.

6.6.5 A rudder attached to the boat and a tiller.

6.6.6 A lifeline becketed round the outside of the boat. Means to enable persons to cling to the boat if upturned in the form of bilge keels or keel rails.

6.6.7 A painter of adequate length and strength secured to the forward end of the boat with a strop and toggle so that it can be readily released.

6.6.8 A waterproof electric torch suitable for Morse signalling, together with a spare set of batteries and a spare bulb in a watertight container.

6.6.9 A hatchet.

6.6.10 Two buoyant rescue quoits each attached to 30 metres of light buoyant line.

6.6.11 A sea anchor of approved size with a line of adequate strength and length.

6.6.12 A whistle or equivalent sound signal.

6.6.13 A jack-knife.

6.6.14 An approved searchlight, unless the Administration is satisfied that the daylight signalling lamp prescribed by Regulation 152 is portable and suitable for this purpose.

6.7 Equipment for Inflatable Rescue Boats 6.7.1 At least four buoyant oars or paddles.

6.7.2 A drain plug where necessary attached to the boat by a lanyard.

6.7.3 A bailer and two sponges.

6.7.4 A lifeline becketed round the outside of the boat and a lifeline becketed round the inside of the boat.

6.7.5 A crutch or steering grommet in the transom where fitted.

6.7.6 Two painters of adequate length and size.

6.7.7 Two buoyant rescue quoits each attached to 30 metres of light buoyant line.

6.7.8 A sea anchor of approved size with a line of adequate strength and length.

6.7.9 A waterproof electric torch suitable for Morse signalling, together with a spare set of batteries and a spare bulb in a watertight container.

6.7.10 A safety knife.

6.7.11 A whistle or equivalent sound signal.

6.7.12 A repair outfit in a suitable container for repairing punctures.

6.7.13 A topping-up pump or bellows.

6.7.14 An approved searchlight, unless the Administration is satisfied that the daylight signalling lamp prescribed by Regulation 152 is portable and suitable for this purpose.

6.8 Dispensation in respect of Survival Craft Equipment Where vessels are engaged on voyages of such duration and in such conditions that, in the opinion of the Administration, items of the survival craft equipment specified in Section 6 of this Appendix are unnecessary, the Administration may allow them to be dispensed with as follows: (a) for rigid lifeboats, items referred to in paragraphs 6, 19, 20, 24, 29 and 30 of Section 6.1; (b) for inflated lifeboats, items referred to in paragraphs 16, 20, 29 and 30 of Section 6.3; (c) for liferafts, some of the items of Section 6.5.

7. Stowage and Davit Requirements for Survival Craft 7.1 Except where an alternative launching appliance is approved, davits shall be as follows: (a) luffing or gravity type davits for operating lifeboats having a mass of not more than 2300 kilogrammes in their turning out condition; (b) gravity type davits for operating lifeboats having a mass of more than 2300 kilogrammes in their turning out condition.

7.2 Davits, falls, blocks and all other gear shall be of such strength that the lifeboats can be turned out manned by a launching crew of two persons and then safely lowered with the full complement of persons and equipment, with the vessel listed to 15 degrees either way and with a 10 degrees trim.

7.3 Where mechanically powered appliances are fitted for the recovery of survival craft, efficient hand gear shall also be provided. Where davits are recovered by action of the falls by power, safety devices shall be fitted which will automatically cut off the power before the davits come against the stops in order to avoid overstressing the wire rope falls or davits.

7.4 Lifeboats and davit launched liferafts shall be serviced by wire rope falls together with winches of an approved type. The Administration may permit manilla rope falls or falls of another approved material with or without winches in the case of rescue boats where the distance from the deck to the waterline of the vessel in the lightest operating condition is not more than 4.5 metres and in other cases where they are satisfied that manilla rope falls or falls of another approved material adequate.

7.5 Skates or other suitable means shall be provided to facilitate launching of lifeboats against a list of 15 degrees.

7.6 Means shall be provided for bringing lifeboats or davit launched liferafts against the vessel's side and there holding them so that persons may be safely embarked.

7.7 At least two lifelines shall be fitted to the davit span and the falls and lifelines shall be long enough to reach the water with the vessel in its lightest operating condition and listed to 15 degrees either way. Lower fall blocks shall be fitted with a suitable ring or long link for attaching to the sling hooks unless an approved type of disengaging gear is fitted.

7.8 Lifeboats attached to davits shall have the falls ready for service and arrangements shall be made for speedily, but not necessarily simultaneously, detaching the lifeboats from the falls. The point of attachment of the lifeboats to the falls shall be at such height above the gunwale as to ensure stability when lowering the lifeboats.

8. Requirements for Life-jackets and Lifebuoys 8.1 Life-jackets 8.8.1 They shall be constructed with proper workmanship and materials.

8.1.2 They shall be so constructed as to eliminate so far as possible all risk of their being put on incorrectly, except that they shall be capable of being worn inside out.

8.1.3 They shall be capable of lifting the face of an exhausted or unconscious person out of the water and holding it above the water with the body inclined backwards from its vertical position.

8.1.4 They shall be capable of turning the body in the water from any position to a safe floating position with the body inclined backwards from its vertical position.

8.1.5 They shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products.

8.1.6 They shall be of a highly visible colour.

8.1.7 They shall be fitted with an approved whistle, firmly secured by a cord.

8.1.8 The buoyancy of the life-jackets required to provide the foregoing performance shall not be reduced by more than 5 per cent after 24 hours submergency in fresh water.

8.1.9 Life-jackets, the buoyancy of which depends on inflation, shall: (a) have two separate inflatable compartments; (b) be capable of being inflated both mechanically and by mouth; and (c) comply with the requirements of paragraphs 8.1.1 to 8.1.8 of this Appendix with either compartment inflated separately.

8.1.10 Life-jackets shall be tested to the satisfaction of the Administration.* [* See Recommendation for Testing Life-jackets adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.169(ES.IV).] 8.2 Lifebuoys 8.2.1 They shall be of solid cork or any other equivalent material.

8.2.2 They shall be capable of supporting in fresh water for 24 hours at least 14.5 kilogrammes of iron.

8.2.3 They shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products.

8.2.4 They shall be of a highly visible colour.

8.2.5 They shall be marked in block letters with the name and port of registry or fishing letters and numbers of the vessel in which they are carried.

8.2.6 Lifebuoys made of plastic or other synthetic compounds shall be capable of retaining their buoyant properties and durability in contact with seawater or oil products, or under variation of temperature or climatic changes prevailing in open sea voyages.

8.2.7 Every lifebuoy shall be fitted with grab lines which shall be of good quality unkinkable line and well secured at four equidistant points, providing four loops of line.

8.2.8 The mass of a lifebuoy shall not exceed 6.15 kilogrammes when newly constructed. Lifebuoys provided with self-igniting lights and self-activating smoke signals shall have a mass of not less than 4 kilogrammes.

8.2.9 Lifebuoys shall not be filled with rushes, cork shavings, granulated cork or any other loose granulated material, and their buoyancy shall not depend upon air compartments which require to be inflated.

(b) Each section of sprinklers shall be capable of being isolated by one stop valve only. The stop valve in each section shall be readily accessible and its location shall be clearly and permanently indicated.

Means shall be provided to prevent the operation of the stop valves by any unauthorized person.

(c) A gauge indicating the pressure in the system shall be provided at each section stop valve and at a central station.

(d) The sprinklers shall be resistant to corrosion. In accommodation and service spaces the sprinklers shall come into operation within the temperature range of 68 degrees celsius and 79 degrees celsius, except that in locations such as drying rooms, where high ambient temperatures might be expected, the operating temperature may be increased by not more than 30 degrees celsius above the maximum deck head temperature.

(e) A list or plan shall be displayed at each indicating unit showing the spaces covered and the location of the zone in respect of each section. Suitable instructions for testing and maintenance shall be available.

(4) Sprinklers shall be placed in an overhead position and spaced in a suitable pattern to maintain an average application rate of not less than 5 litres per square metre per minute over the nominal area covered by the sprinklers. Alternatively, the Administration may permit the use of sprinklers providing such quantity of water suitably distributed as has been shown to the satisfaction of the Administration to be not less effective.

(5) (a) A pressure tank having a volume equal to at least twice that of the charge of water specified in this sub-paragraph shall be provided.

The tank shall contain a standing charge of fresh water, equivalent to the amount of water which would be discharged in one minute by the pump referred to in paragraph (6)(b), and the arrangements shall provide for maintaining such air pressure in the tank as to ensure that, where the standing charge of fresh water in the tank has been used, the pressure will be not less than the working pressure of the sprinkler, plus the pressure due to a head of water measured from the bottom of the tank to the highest sprinkler in the system. Suitable means of replenishing the air under pressure and of replenishing the fresh water charge in the tank shall be provided. A glass gauge shall be provided to indicate the correct level of the water in the tank.

(b) Means shall be provided to prevent the passage of sea-water into the tank.

(6) (a) An independent power pump shall be provided solely for the purpose of continuing automatically the discharge of water from the sprinklers. The pump shall be brought into action automatically by the pressure drop in the system before the standing fresh water charge in the pressure tank is completely exhausted.

(b) The pump and the piping system shall be capable of maintaining the necessary pressure at the level of the highest sprinkler to ensure a continuous output of water sufficient for the simultaneous coverage of the maximum area separated by fire-resisting bulkheads of "A" and "B" Class divisions or an area of 280 square metres whichever is the less at the application rate specified in paragraph (4).

(c) The pump shall have fitted on the delivery side a test valve with a short open-ended discharge pipe. The effective area through the valve and pipe shall be adequate to permit the release of the required pump output while maintaining the pressure in the system specified in paragraph (5)(a).

(d) The sea inlet to the pump shall wherever possible be in the space containing the pump and shall be so arranged that when the vessel is afloat it will not be necessary to shut off the supply of sea-water to the pump for any purpose other than the inspection or repair of the pump.

(7) The sprinkler pump and tank shall be situated in a position reasonably remote from any machinery space of Category A and shall not be situated in any space required to be protected by the sprinkler system.

(8) (a) There shall not be less than two sources of power supply for the sea-water pump and the automatic fire alarm and fire detection system.

If the pump is electrically driven it shall be connected to the main source of electrical power, which shall be capable of being supplied by at least two generators.

(b) The feeders shall be arranged so as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk except in so far as it is necessary to reach the appropriate switchboard. One of the sources of power supply for the fire alarm and fire detection system shall be an emergency source. Where one of the sources of power for the pump is an internal combustion-type engine it shall, in addition to complying with the provisions of paragraph (7), be so situated that a fire in any protected space will not affect the air supply to that engine.

(9) The sprinkler system shall have a connexion from the vessel's fire main by way of a lockable screw-down non-return valve at the connexion which will prevent a backflow from the sprinkler system to the fire main.

(10) (a) A test valve shall be provided for testing the automatic alarm for each section of sprinklers by a discharge of water equivalent to the operation of one sprinkler. The test valve for each section shall be situated near the stop valve for that section.

(b) Means shall be provided for testing the automatic operation of the pump on reduction of pressure in the system.

(c) Switches shall be provided at one of the indicating positions referred to in sub-paragraph (2)(b) which will enable the alarm and the indicators for each section of sprinklers to be tested.

(11) Spare sprinkler heads shall be provided for each section of sprinklers to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 76 Automatic Fire Alarm and Fire Detection Systems(Method IIIF) (1) In vessels in which Method IIIF is adopted an automatic fire alarm and fire detection system of an approved type and complying with the requirements of this Regulation shall be installed and so arranged as to detect the presence of fire in all accommodation spaces and service spaces except spaces which afford no substantial fire risk, such as void spaces and sanitary spaces.

(2) (a) The system shall be capable of immediate operation at all times and no action of the crew shall be necessary to set it in operation.

(b) Each section of detectors shall include means for giving a visible and audible alarm signal automatically at one or more indicating units whenever any detector comes into operation. Such units shall indicate in which section served by the system a fire has occurred and shall be centralized on the wheelhouse and such other positions as will ensure that any alarm from the system is immediately received by the crew.

Additionally, arrangements shall be provided to ensure that an alarm is sounded on the deck on which the fire has been detected. Such an alarm and detection system shall be so constructed as to indicate if any fault occurs in the system.

(3) Detectors shall be grouped into separate sections, each covering not more than 50 rooms served by such a system and containing not more than 100 detectors. Detectors shall be zoned to indicate on which deck a fire has occurred.

(4) The system shall be operated by an abnormal air temperature, by an abnormal concentration of smoke or by other factors indicative of incipient fire in any one of the spaces to be protected. Systems which are sensitive to air temperature shall not operate at less than 57 degrees celsius and shall operate at a temperature not greater than 74 degrees celsius when the temperature increase to those levels is not more than 1 degree celsius per minute. At the discretion of the Administration the permissible temperature of operation may be increased to 30 degrees celsius above the maximum deckhead temperature in drying rooms and similar places of a normally high ambient temperature. Systems which are sensitive to smoke concentration shall operate on the reduction of the intensity of a transmitted light beam by an amount to be determined by the Administration. Other equally effective methods of operation may be accepted at the discretion of the Administration. The detection system shall not be used for any purpose other than fire detection.

(5) The detectors may be arranged to operate the alarm by the opening or closing of contacts or by other appropriate methods. They shall be fitted in an overhead position and shall be suitably protected against impact and physical damage. They shall be suitable for use in a marine atmosphere. They shall be placed in an open position clear of beams and other objects likely to obstruct the flow of hot gases or smoke to the sensitive element. Detectors operated by the closing of contacts shall be of the sealed contact type and the circuit shall be continuously monitored to indicate fault conditions.

(6) At least one detector shall be installed in each space where detection facilities are required and there shall be not less than one detector for each 37 square metres of deck area approximately. In large spaces the detectors shall be arranged in a regular pattern so that no detector is more than 9 metres from another detector or more than 4.5 metres from a bulkhead.

(7) There shall be not less than two sources of power supply for the electrical equipment used in the operation of the fire alarm and fire detection system, one of which shall be an emergency source. The supply shall be provided by separate feeders reserved solely for that purpose.

Such feeders shall run to a change-over switch situated in the control station for the fire detection system. The wiring system shall be so arranged as to avoid galleys, machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces having a high fire risk except in so far as it is necessary to provide for fire detection in such spaces or to reach the appropriate switchboard.

(8) (a) A list or plan shall be displayed adjacent to each indicating unit showing the spaces covered and the location of the zone in respect of each system. Suitable instructions for testing and maintenance shall be available.

(b) Provision shall be made for testing the correct operation of the detectors and the indicating units by supplying means for applying hot air or smoke at detector positions.

(9) Spare detector heads shall be provided for each section of detectors to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 77 Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Cargo Spaceof High Fire Risk Cargo spaces of high fire risk shall be protected by a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system or by a fire-extinguishing system which gives equivalent protection, to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 78 Fire Pumps (1) At least two fire pumps shall be provided.

(2) If a fire in any one compartment could put all the fire pumps out of action, there shall be an alternative means of providing water for fire fighting. In vessels of 75 metres in length and over this alternative means shall be a fixed emergency fire pump independently driven. This emergency fire pump shall be capable of supplying two jets of water to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(3) (a) The fire pumps, other than the emergency pump shall be capable of delivering for fire-fighting purposes a quantity of water at a minimum pressure of 0.25 newtons per square millimetre, with a total capacity (Q) of at least: |------------| | 2 | | Q=(0.15ˇĚL(B+D)+2.25) cubic metres per hour | |------------| where L, B and D are in metres.

However, the total required capacity of the fire pumps need not exceed 180 cubic metres per hour.

(b) Each of the required fire pumps other than any emergency pump shall have a capacity not less than 40 per cent of the total capacity of fire pumps required by sub-paragraph (a) and shall in any event be capable of delivering at least the jets of water required by Regulation 80 (2)(a).

These fire pumps shall be capable of supplying the fire main systems under the required conditions. Where more than two pumps are installed the capacity of such additional pumps shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(4) (a) Fire pumps shall be independently driven power pumps.

Sanitary, ballast, bilge or general service pumps may be accepted as fire pumps, provided that they are not normally used for pumping oil and that, if they are subject to occasional duty for the transfer or pumping of fuel oil, suitable change-over arrangements are fitted.

(b) Relief valves shall be provided in conjunction with all fire pumps if the pumps are capable of developing a pressure exceeding the design pressure of the water service pipes, hydrants and hoses. These valves shall be so placed and adjusted as to prevent excessive pressure in any of the fire main systems.

(c) Emergency power-operated fire pumps shall be independently driven self-contained pumps either with their own diesel engine prime mover and fuel supply fitted in an accessible position outside the compartment which contains the main fire pumps, or be driven by a self-contained generator, which may be the emergency generator referred to in Regulation 55, of sufficient capacity and which is positioned in a safe place outside the engine room and preferable above the working deck. The emergency fire pump shall be capable of operating for a period of at least 3 hours.

(d) Emergency fire pumps, sea-suction valves and other necessary valves shall be operable from outside compartments containing main fire pumps in a position not likely to be cut off by a fire in those compartments.

Regulation 79 Fire Mains (1) (a) Where more than one hydrant is required to provide the number of jets specified in Regulation 80 (2)(a) a fire main shall be provided.

(b) Fire mains shall have no connexions other than those required for fire fighting except for the purpose of washing the deck and anchor chains or operating the chain locker bilge ejector.

(c) Where fire mains are not self-draining, suitable drain cocks shall be fitted where frost damage could be expected.* [* See Guidance for Precautions Against Freezing of Fire Mains contained in Recommendation 7 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the Conference.] (2) (a) The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes shall be sufficient for the effective distribution of the maximum required discharge from two fire pumps operating simultaneously or of 140 cubic metres per hour, whichever is the less.

(b) With the two pumps simultaneously delivering through nozzles specified in Regulation 80 (5) the quantity of water specified in sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, through any adjacent hydrants, the minimum pressure of 0.25 newtons per square millimetre shall be maintained at all hydrants.

Regulation 80 Fire Hydrants, Fire Hoses and Nozzles (1) (a) The number of fire hoses provided shall be equal to the number of fire hydrants arranged according to paragraph (2) and one spare hose.

This number does not include any fire hoses required in any engine or boiler room. The Administration may increase the number of fire hoses required so as to ensure that hoses in sufficient number are available and accessible at all times, having regard to the size of the vessel.

(b) Fire hoses shall be of approved material and sufficient in length to project a jet of water to any of the spaces in which they may be required to be used. Their maximum length shall be 20 metres. Every fire hose shall be provided with a nozzle and the necessary couplings. Fire hoses shall together with any necessary fittings and tools be kept ready for use in conspicuous positions near the water service hydrants or connexions.

(2) (a) The number and position of the hydrants shall be such that at least two jets of water not emanating from the same hydrant, one of which shall be from a single length of fire hose, may reach any part of the vessel normally accessible to the crew while the vessel is being navigated.

(b) All required hydrants shall be fitted with fire hoses having dual purpose nozzles as required by paragraph (5). One hydrant shall be located near the entrance of the space to be protected.

(3) Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for fire mains and hydrants unless adequately protected. The pipes and hydrants shall be so placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to them. In vessels where deck cargo may be carried, the positions of the hydrants shall be such that they are always readily accessible and the pipes shall be arranged as far as practicable to avoid risk of damage by such cargo. Unless one fire hose and nozzle is provided for each hydrant, there shall be complete interchangeability of fire hose couplings and nozzles.

(4) A cock or valve shall be fitted to serve each fire hose so that any fire hose may be removed while the fire pumps are operating.

(5) (a) Standard nozzle sizes shall be 12 millimetres, 16 millimetres and 19 millimetres or as near thereto as possible. Larger diameter nozzles may be permitted at the discretion of the Administration.

(b) For accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size greater than 12 millimetres need not be used.

(c) For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the nozzle size shall be such as to obtain the maximum discharge possible from two jets at the pressure specified in Regulation 79 (2)(b) from the smallest pump, provided that a nozzle size greater than 19 millimetres need not be used.

Regulation 81 Fire Extinguishers (1) Fire extinguishers shall be of approved types. The capacity of required portable fluid extinguishers shall be not more than 14 litres and not less than 9 litres. Other extinguishers shall not be in excess of the equivalent portability of the 14 litre fluid extinguisher and shall not be less than the fire-extinguishing equivalent of a 9 litre fluid extinguisher. The Administration shall determine the equivalents of fire extinguishers.

(2) Spare charges shall be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(3) Fire extinguishers containing an extinguishing medium which, in the opinion of the Administration, either by itself or under expected conditions of use, gives off toxic gases in such quantities as to endanger persons shall not be permitted.

(4) Fire extinguishers shall be periodically examined and subjected to such tests as the Administration may require.

(5) Normally, one of the portable fire extinguishers intended for use in any space shall be stowed near an entrance to that space.

Regulation 82 Portable Fire Extinguishers in Control Stations andAccommodation and Service Spaces (1) At least five approved portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in control stations and accommodation and service spaces to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(2) Spare charges shall be provided to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 83 Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Machinery Spaces (1) (a) Spaces containing oil-fired boilers or fuel oil units shall be provided with one of the following fixed fire-extinguishing systems, to the satisfaction of the Administration: (i) a pressure water-spraying installation; (ii) a fire-smothering gas installation; (iii) a fire-extinguishing installation using vapours from low toxicity vapourizing liquids, e.g. bromochlorodifluorometane (BCF) or bromotrifluoromethane (BTM); or (iv) a fire-extinguishing installation using high expansion foam.

Where the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine room, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one compartment.

(b) Every boiler room shall be provided with at least one set of portable air-foam equipment to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(c) At least two approved portable extinguishers discharging foam or equivalent shall be provided in each firing space in each boiler room and each space in which a part of the fuel oil installation is situated.

At least one approved foam-type extinguisher of at least 136 litres capacity or equivalent shall be provided in each boiler room. These extinguishers shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching any part of the boiler room. The Administration may relax the requirements of this sub-paragraph, having regard to the size and nature of the space to be protected.

(d) In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing sand, sawdust impregnated with soda or other approved dry material, in such quantity as may be required by the Administration. Alternatively an approved portable extinguisher may be provided.

(2) Spaces containing internal combustion machinery used either for main propulsion or for other purposes, when such machinery has a total power output of not less than 375 kilowatts, shall be provided with the following arrangements: (a) one of the fire-extinguishing systems required by paragraph (1)(a); (b) at least one set of portable air-foam equipment to the satisfaction of the Administration; and (c) in each such space, approved foam-type fire extinguishers each of at least 45 litres capacity, or equivalent, sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems, gearing and other fire hazards. In addition, there shall be provided a sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that an extinguisher is not more than 10 metres walking distance from any point in the space; provided that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such space. For smaller spaces the Administration may relax these requirements.

(3) Spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used either for main propulsion, or for other purposes, when such machinery has a total power output of not less than 375 kilowatts shall be provided with the following arrangements: (a) foam fire extinguishers each of at least 45 litres capacity, or equivalent, sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the pressure lubrication system, on to any part of the casings enclosing pressure lubricated parts of the turbines, engines or associated gearing, and any other fire hazards. Provided that such extinguishers shall not be required if protection at least equivalent to that of this sub-paragraph is provided in such spaces by a fixed fire-extinguishing system fitted in compliance with paragraph (1)(a); and (b) a sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers, or equivalent, which shall be so located that an extinguisher is not more than 10 metres walking distance from any point in the space; provided that that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such space, and such extinguishers shall not be required in addition to any provided in compliance with paragraph (2)(c).

(4) Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists in any machinery space for which no specific provisions for fire-extinguishing appliances are prescribed in paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) there shall be provided in, or adjacent to, that space a number of approved portable fire extinguishers or other means of fire extinction to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(5) Where fixed fire-extinguishing systems not required by this Part are installed, such systems shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(6) For any machinery space of Category A to which access is provided at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel, there shall be provided in addition to any watertight door and on the side remote from that machinery space a light steel fire-screen door which shall be capable of being operated from each side of the door.

Regulation 84 International Shore Connexion (1) At least one international shore connexion, complying with paragraph (2) shall be provided.

(2) Standard dimensions of flanges for the international shore connexion shall be in accordance with the following table: |----------------------- | Description | Dimension | |-------|---------------| | Outside diameter | 178 millimetres | |-------|---------------| | Inner diameter | 64 millimetres | |-------|---------------| | Bolt circle diameter | 132 millimetres | |-------|---------------| | 4 holes 19 millimetres in diameter equidistantly placed | | Slots in flange | on a bolt circle of the above diameter, slotted to the | | flange periphery | |-------|---------------| | Flange thickness | 14.5 millimetres minimum | |-------|---------------| | 4 each of 16 millimetres in diameter and 50 millimetres | | Bolts and nuts | | in length | |----------------------- (3) This connexion shall be constructed of material suitable for 1.0 newton per square millimetre service pressure.

(4) The flange shall have a flat face on one side and the other shall have a coupling permanently attached thereto that will fit the vessel's hydrant and hose. The connexion shall be kept aboard the vessel together with a gasket of any material suitable for 1.0 newton per square millimetre service pressure, together with four 16 millimetre bolts 50 millimetres in length and eight washers.

(5) Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be used on either side of the vessel.

Regulation 85 Fireman's Outfits (1) At least two fireman's outfits shall be carried to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(2) The fireman's outfits shall be stored so as to be easily accessible and ready for use and shall be stored in widely separated positions.

Regulation 86 Fire Control Plan There shall be a permanently exhibited fire control plan to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 87 Ready Availability of Fire-Extinguishing Appliances Fire-extinguishing appliances shall be kept in good order and available for immediate use at all times.

Regulation 88 Acceptance of Substitutes Where in this Part any special type of appliance, apparatus, extinguishing medium or arrangement is specified, any other type of appliance, etc., may be allowed, provided the Administration is satisfied that it is not less effective.

PART B FIRE SAFETY MEASURES IN VESSELS OF LESS THAN 55 METRES INLENGTH Regulation 89 Structural Fire Protection (1) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses shall be constructed of non-combustible materials. The Administration may permit combustible construction provided the requirements of this Regulation and the additional fire-extinguishing requirements of Regulation 101(3) are complied with.

(2) (a) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of non-combustible materials, the decks and bulkheads separating machinery spaces of Category A from accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall be constructed to "A-60" Class standard where the machinery space of Category A is not provided with a fixed fire-extinguishing system and to "A-30" Class standard where such a system is fitted. Decks and bulkheads separating other machinery spaces from accommodation, service spaces and control stations shall be constructed to "A-0" Class standard.

Decks and bulkheads separating control stations from accommodation and service spaces shall be constructed to "A" Class standard, insulated to the satisfaction of the Administration, except that an Administration may permit the fitting of "B-15" Class divisions for separating such spaces as skipper's cabin from the wheelhouse.

(b) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of combustible materials, the decks and bulkheads separating machinery spaces from accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall be constructed to "F" Class or "B-15" Class standard. In addition, machinery space boundaries shall as far as practicable prevent the passage of smoke.

Decks and bulkheads separating control stations from accommodation and service spaces shall be constructed to "F" Class standard.

(3) (a) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of non-combustible materials, bulkheads of corridors serving accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations shall be of "B-15" Class divisions.

(b) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of combustible materials, bulkheads of corridors serving accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations, shall be of "F" Class divisions.

(c) Any bulkhead required by sub-paragraph (a) or (b) shall extend from deck to deck unless a continuous ceiling of the same Class as the bulkhead is fitted on both sides of the bulkhead, in which case the bulkhead may terminate at the continuous ceiling.

(4) Interior stairways serving accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall be of steel or other equivalent material. Such stairways shall be within enclosures constructed of "F" Class divisions in vessels the hull of which is constructed of combustible materials, or "B-15" Class divisions in vessels the hull of which is constructed of non-combustible materials, provided that where a stairway penetrates only one deck it need be enclosed at one level only.

(5) Doors and other closures of openings in bulkheads and decks referred to in paragraphs (2) and (3), doors fitted to stairway enclosures referred to in paragraph (4) and doors fitted in engine and boiler casings, shall be as far as practicable equivalent in resisting fire to the divisions in which they are fitted. Doors to machinery spaces of Category A shall be self-closing.

(6) Lift trunks which pass through the accommodation and service spaces shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material and shall be provided with means of closing which will permit control of draught and smoke.

(7) (a) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of combustible materials, the boundary bulkheads and decks of spaces containing any emergency source of power and bulkheads and decks between galleys, paint rooms, lamp rooms or any store-rooms which contain appreciable quantities of highly flammable materials, and accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall be constructed of "F" Class or "B-15" Class divisions.

(b) In vessels, the hull of which is constructed of non-combustible materials, the decks and bulkheads referred to in sub-paragraph (a) shall be of "A" Class divisions insulated to the satisfaction of the Administration, having in mind the risk of fire, except that the Administration may accept "B-15" Class divisions between a galley and accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations when the galley contains electrically heated furnaces, electrically heated hot water appliances or other electrically heated appliances only.

(c) Highly flammable products shall be carried in suitably sealed containers.

(8) Where bulkheads or decks required by paragraphs (2), (3), (5) or (7) to be of "A" Class, "B" Class or "F" Class divisions, are penetrated for the passage of electrical cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire integrity of the division is not impaired.

(9) Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panellings or linings in accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations shall be divided by close-fitting draught stops spaced not more than 7 metres apart.

(10) Windows and skylights to machinery spaces shall be as follows: (a) where skylights can be opened they shall be capable of being closed from outside the space. Skylights containing glass panels shall be fitted with external shutters of steel or other equivalent material permanently attached; (b) glass or similar materials shall not be fitted in machinery space boundaries. This does not preclude the use of wire-reinforced glass for skylights and glass in control rooms within the machinery spaces; and (c) in skylights referred to in sub-paragraph (a) wire-reinforced glass shall be used.

(11) Insulating materials in accommodation spaces, service spaces except domestic refrigerating compartments, control stations and machinery spaces shall be non-combustible. The surface of insulation fitted on the internal boundaries of machinery spaces of Category A shall be impervious to oil or oil vapours.

(12) Within compartments used for stowage of fish, combustible insulation shall be protected by close-fitting cladding.

Regulation 90 Ventilation Systems (1) Except as provided for in Regulation 91 (2), means shall be provided to stop fans and close main openings to ventilation systems from outside the spaces served.

(2) Means shall be provided for closing, from a safe position, the annular spaces around funnels.

(3) Ventilation openings may be permitted in and under the doors in corridor bulkheads except that such openings shall not be permitted in and under stairway enclosure doors. The openings shall be provided only in the lower half of a door. Where such opening is in or under a door the total net area of any such opening or openings shall not exceed 0.05 square metres. When such opening is cut in a door it shall be fitted with a grille made of non-combustible material.

(4) Ventilation ducts for machinery spaces of Category A or galleys shall not in general pass through accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations. Where the Administration permits this arrangement, the ducts shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material and arranged to preserve the integrity of the divisions.

(5) Ventilation ducts of accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall not in general pass through machinery spaces of Category A or through galleys. Where the Administration permits this arrangement the ducts shall be constructed of steel or equivalent material and arranged to preserve the integrity of the divisions.

(6) Store-rooms containing appreciable quantities of highly flammable products shall be provided with ventilation arrangements which are separate from other ventilation systems. Ventilation shall be arranged at high and low levels and the inlets and outlets of ventilators shall be positioned in safe areas and fitted with spark arresters.

(7) Ventilation systems serving machinery spaces shall be independent of systems serving other spaces.

(8) Where trunks or ducts serve spaces on both sides of "A" Class bulkheads or decks dampers shall be fitted so as to prevent the spread of fire and smoke between compartments. Manual dampers shall be operable from both sides of the bulkhead or the deck. Where the trunks or ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 square metres pass through "A" Class bulkheads or decks, automatic self-closing dampers shall be fitted.

Trunks serving compartments situated only on one side of such bulkheads shall comply with Regulation 70 (2) (b).

Regulation 91 Heating Installations (1) Electric radiators shall be fixed in position and so constructed as to reduce fire risks to a minimum. No such radiator shall be fitted with an element so exposed that clothing, curtains or other similar materials can be scorched or set on fire by heat from the element.

(2) Heating by means of open fires shall not be permitted. Heating stoves and other similar appliances shall be firmly secured and adequate protection and insulation against fire shall be provided beneath and around such appliances and in way of their uptakes. Uptakes of stoves which burn solid fuel shall be so arranged and designed as to minimize the possibility of becoming blocked by combustion products and shall have a ready means for cleaning. Dampers for limiting draughts in uptakes shall, when in the closed position, still leave an adequate area open. Spaces in which stoves are installed shall be provided with ventilators of sufficient area to provide adequate combustion-air for the stove. Such ventilators shall have no means of closure and their position shall be such that no closing appliances in accordance with Regulation 20 are required.

(3) Open flame gas appliances, except cooking stoves and water heaters, shall not be permitted. Spaces containing any such stoves or water heaters shall have adequate ventilation to remove fumes and possible gas leakage to a safe place. All pipes conveying gas from container to stove or water heater shall be of steel or other approved material.

Automatic safety gas shutoff devices shall be fitted to operate on loss of pressure in the gas main pipe or flame failure on any appliance.

Regulation 92 Miscellaneous Items* [* See Guidance Concerning the Use of Certain Plastic Materials contained in Recommendation 8 of Attachment 3 to the Final Act of the Conference.] (1) Exposed surfaces within accommodation spaces, service spaces, control stations, corridor and stairway enclosures and the concealed surfaces behind bulkheads, ceilings, panellings and linings in accommodation spaces, service spaces, and control stations shall have low flame-spread characteristics.

(2) All exposed surfaces of glass reinforced plastic construction within accommodation and service spaces, control stations, machinery spaces of Category A and other machinery spaces of similar fire risk shall have the final lay-up layer of approved resin having inherent fire-retardant properties or be coated with an approved fire-retardant paint or be protected by non-combustible materials.

(3) Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior surfaces shall not be capable of producing excessive quantities of smoke or toxic gases or vapours. The Administration shall be satisfied that they are not of a nature to offer an undue fire hazard.

(4) Primary deck coverings within accommodation and service spaces and control stations, shall be of approved material which will not readily ignite or give rise to toxic or explosive hazards at elevated temperatures.* [* For vessels the decks of which are constructed of steel see Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test Procedures for Primary Deck Coverings adopted by the Organization by Resolution A. 214 (VII).] (5) (a) In accommodation and service spaces and control stations, pipes penetrating "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be of approved materials having regard to the temperature such divisions are required to withstand. Where the Administration permits the conveying of oil and combustible liquids through accommodation and service spaces, the pipes conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of an approved material having regard to the fire risk.

(b) Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which are close to the waterline and where the failure of the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.

(6) All waste receptacles other than those used in fish processing shall be constructed of noncombustible materials with no openings in the sides and bottom.

(7) Machinery driving fuel oil transfer pumps, fuel oil unit pumps and other similar fuel pumps shall be fitted with remote controls situated outside the space concerned so that they can be stopped in the event of a fire arising in the space in which they are located.

(8) Drip trays shall be fitted where necessary to prevent oil leaking into bilges.

Regulation 93 Storage of Gas Cylinders and Dangerous Materials (1) Cylinders for compressed, liquefied or dissolved gases shall be clearly marked by means of prescribed identifying colours, have a clearly legible identification of the name and chemical formula of their contents and be properly secured.

(2) Cylinders containing flammable or other dangerous gases and expended cylinders shall be stored, properly secured, on open decks and all valves, pressure regulators and pipes leading from such cylinders shall be protected against damage. Cylinders shall be protected against excessive variations in temperature, direct rays of the sun, and accumulation of snow. However, the Administration may permit such cylinders to be stored in compartments complying with the requirements of paragraphs (3) to (5).

(3) Spaces containing highly flammable liquids, such as volatile paints, paraffin, benzole, etc., and, where permitted, liquefied gas, shall have direct access from open decks only. Pressure-adjusting devices and relief valves shall exhaust within the compartment. Where boundary bulkheads of such compartments adjoin other enclosed spaces they shall be gastight.

(4) Except as necessary for service within the space, electrical wiring and fittings shall not be permitted within compartments used for the storage of highly flammable liquids or liquefied gases. Where such electrical fittings are installed, they shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration for use in a flammable atmosphere. Sources of heat shall be kept clear of such spaces and "No Smoking" and "No Naked Light" notices shall be displayed in a prominent position.

(5) Separate storage shall be provided for each type of compressed gas. Compartments used for the storage of such gases shall not be used for storage of other combustible products nor for tools or objects not part of the gas distribution system. However, the Administration may relax these requirements considering the characteristics, volume and intended use of such compressed gases.

Regulation 94 Means of Escape (1) Stairways and ladders leading to and from all accommodation spaces and in spaces in which the crew is normally employed, other than machinery spaces, shall be so arranged as to provide ready means of escape to the open deck and thence to the survival craft. In particular in relation to these spaces: (a) at all levels of accommodation at least two widely separated means of escape shall be provided which may include the normal means of access from each restricted space or group of spaces; (b) (i) below the weather deck the means of escape shall be a stairway and the second escape may be a trunk or a stairway; and (ii) above the weather deck the means of escape shall be stairways or doors to an open deck or a combination thereof. Where it is not practicable to fit stairways or doors, one of these means of escape may be by means of adequately sized portholes or hatches protected where necessary against ice accretion; (c) exceptionally the Administration may permit only one means of escape, due regard being paid to the nature and location of spaces and to the number of persons who normally might be accommodated or employed there; (d) a corridor or part of a corridor from which there is only one route of escape shall not exceed 2.5 metres in length; (e) the width and continuity of the means of escape shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration; and (f) two means of escape from a radiotelegraph station which has no direct access to the open deck shall be provided and these shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(2) Two means of escape shall be provided from every machinery space of Category A which shall be as widely separated as possible. Vertical escapes shall be by means of steel ladders. Where the size of the machinery spaces makes it impracticable, one of these means of escape may be omitted. In such cases special consideration shall be given to the remaining exit.

(3) Lifts shall not be considered as forming one of the required means of escape.

Regulation 95 Automatic Fire Alarm and Fire Detection Systems Where the Administration has permitted under Regulation 89 (1) a combustible construction, or where otherwise appreciable amounts of combustible materials are used on the construction of accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations, special consideration shall be given to the installation of an automatic fire alarm and fire detection system in those spaces, having due regard to the size of those spaces, their arrangement and location relative to control stations as well as, where applicable, the flame-spread characteristics of the installed furniture.

Regulation 96 Fire Pumps (1) The minimum number and type of fire pumps to be fitted shall be as follows: (a) one power pump not dependent upon the main machinery for its motive power; or (b) one power pump driven by main machinery provided that the propeller shafting can be readily disconnected or provided that a controllable pitch propeller is fitted.

(2) Sanitary, bilge, ballast, general service or any other pumps may be used as fire pumps if they comply with the requirements of this Chapter and do not affect the ability to cope with pumping of the bilges. Fire pumps shall be so connected that they cannot be used for pumping oil or other flammable liquids.

(3) Centrifugal pumps or other pumps connected to the fire main through which backflow could occur shall be fitted with non-return valves.

(4) Vessels not fitted with a power-operated emergency fire pump and without a fixed fire-extinguishing system in the machinery spaces shall be provided with additional fire-extinguishing means to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(5) When fitted, emergency power-operated fire pumps shall be independently driven self-contained pumps either with their own prime mover and fuel supply fitted in an accessible position outside the compartment which contains the main fire pumps, or be driven by a self-contained generator which may be an emergency generator of sufficient capacity and which is positioned in a safe place outside the engine room and preferably above the working deck.

(6) For any emergency fire pump, where fitted, the pump, sea-suction valves and other necessary valves shall be operable from outside compartments containing main fire pumps in a position not likely to be cut off by a fire in those compartments.

(7) The total capacity (Q) of main power-operated fire pumps shall be at least: |-------------| | 2 | | Q=(0.15ˇĚL(B+D)+2.25) cubic metres per hour | |-------------| Where L, B and D are in metres.

(8) Where two independent power-operated fire pumps are fitted, the capacity of each pump shall not be less than 40 per cent of the quantity required by paragraph (7).

(9) When main power fire pumps are delivering the quantity of water required by paragraph (7) through the fire main, fire hoses and nozzles, the pressure maintained at any hydrant shall be not less than 0.25 newtons per square millimetre.

(10) Where power-operated emergency fire pumps are delivering the maximum quantity of water through the jet required by Regulation 98 (1), the pressure maintained at any hydrant shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
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