INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLES OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA,
1974
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Regulation 35: Structure having a high fire risk except in so far as it is necessary to provide for
fire detection in such spaces or to reach the appropriate switchboard.
(g) (i) A list or plan shall be displayed adjacent to each indicating
unit showing the spaces covered and the location of the zone in respect of
each section. Suitable instructions for testing and maintenance shall be
available.
(ii) Provision shall be made for testing the correct operation of
the detectors and the indicating units by supplying means for applying hot
air or smoke at detector positions.
(h) Spare detector heads shall be provided for each section of
detectors to the satisfaction of the Administration.
Requirements for all other types of ships
(i) All required fire detection systems shall be capable of
automatically indicating the presence or indication of fire and also its
location. Indicators shall be centralized either on the navigating bridge
or in other control stations which are provided with a direct
communication with the bridge. The Administration may permit the
indicators to be distributed among several stations.
(j) In passenger ships electrical equipment used in the operation of
required fire detection systems shall have two separate sources of power,
one of which shall be an emergency source.
(k) The alarm system shall operate both audible and visible signals at
the main stations referred to in paragraph (i) of this Regulation.
Detection systems for cargo spaces need not have audible alarms.
Regulation 14: Fireman's Outfit
A fireman's outfit shall consist of:
(a) Personal equipment comprising:
(i) Protective clothing of material to protect the skin from the
heat radiating from the fire and from burns and scalding by steam. The
outer surface shall be water-resistant.
(ii) Boots and gloves of rubber or other electrically
non-conducting material.
(iii) A rigid helmet providing effective protection against
impact.
(iv) An electric safety lamp (hand lantern) of an approved type
with a minimum burning period of three hours.
(v) An axe to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(b) A breathing apparatus of an approved type which may be either:
(i) A smoke helmet or smoke mask which shall be provided with a
suitable air pump and a length of air hose sufficient to reach from the
open deck, well clear of hatch or doorway, to any part of the holds or
machinery spaces. If, in order to comply with this sub-paragraph, an air
hose exceeding 36 metres (120 feet) in length would be necessary, a
self-contained breathing apparatus shall be substituted or provided in
addition as determined by the Administration, or
(ii) a self-contained breathing apparatus which shall be capable
of functioning for a period of time to be determined by the
Administration.
For each breathing apparatus a fireproof lifeline of sufficient length
and strength shall be provided capable of being attached by means of a
snaphook to the harness of the apparatus or to a separate belt in order to
prevent the breathing apparatus becoming detached when the lifeline is
operated.
Regulation 15: Ready Availability of Fire-Extinguishing Appliances
In all new and existing ships, fire-extinguishing appliances shall be
kept in good order and available for immediate use at all times during the
voyage.
Regulation 16: Acceptance of Substitutes
Where in this Chapter any special type of appliance, apparatus,
extinguishing medium or arrangement is specified in any new and existing
ships, any other type of appliance etc., may be allowed, provided the
Administration is satisfied that it is not less effective.
PART B FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR PASSENGER SHIPS CARRYING MORE THAN36 PASSENGERS
Regulation 17: Structure
The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses
shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material. For the
purpose of applying the definition of steel or other equivalent material
as given in Regulation 3(g) of this Chapter the "applicable fire exposure"
shall be according to the integrity and insulation standards given in the
tables of Regulation 20 of this Chapter. An example where divisions such
as decks or sides and ends of deckhouses are permitted to have "B-O" fire
integrity, the "applicable fire exposure" shall be one half-hour.
Provided that in cases where any part of the structure is of aluminium
alloy, the following requirements shall apply:
(a) The insulation of aluminium alloy components of "A" or "B" Class
divisions, except structure which in the opinion of the Administration is
non-load-bearing, shall be such that the temperature of the structural
core does not rise more than 200¡æ (360 ¡ãF) above the ambient temperature
at any time during the applicable fire exposure to the standard fire test.
(b) Special attention shall be given to the insulation of aluminium
alloy components of columns, stanchions and other structural members
required to support lifeboat and liferaft stowage, launching and
embarkation areas, and "A" and "B" Class divisions to ensure:
(i) that for such members supporting lifeboat and liferaft areas
and "A" Class divisions the temperature rise limitation specified in
paragraph (a) of this Regulation shall apply at the end of one hour; and
(ii) that for such members required to support "B" Class
divisions, the temperature rise limitation specified in paragraph (a) of
this Regulation shall apply at the end of one half-hour.
(c) Crowns and casings of machinery spaces of Category A shall be of
steel construction adequately insulated and openings therein, if any,
shall be suitably arranged and protected to prevent the spread of fire.
Regulation 18: Main Vertical Zones and Horizontal Zones
(a) The hull, superstructure and deckhouses shall be subdivided into
main vertical zones by "A" Class division. Steps and recesses shall be
kept to a minimum, but where they are necessary, they shall also be "A"
Class divisions. These divisions shall have insulation values in
accordance with the applicable tables in Regulation 20 of this Chapter.
(b) As far as practicable, the bulkheads forming the boundaries of the
main vertical zones above the bulkhead deck shall be in line with
watertight subdivision bulkheads situated immediately below the bulkhead
deck.
(c) Such bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or
other boundaries.
(d) Where a main vertical zone is subdivided by horizontal "A" Class
divisions into horizontal zones for the purpose of providing an
appropriate barrier between sprinklered and non-sprinklered zones of the
ship the divisions shall extend between adjacent main vertical zone
bulkheads and to the shell or exterior boundaries of the ship and shall be
insulated in accordance with the fire insulation and integrity values
given in Table 3 of Regulation 20 of this Chapter.
(e) On ships designed for special purposes, such as automobile or
railroad car ferries, where the provision of main vertical zone bulkheads
would defeat the purpose for which the ship is intended, equivalent means
for controlling and limiting a fire shall be substituted and specifically
approved by the Administration. Provided that in a ship with special
category spaces, any such space shall comply with the applicable
provisions of Regulation 30 of this Chapter, and in so far as such
compliance would be inconsistent with compliance with other requirements
of this Part of this Chapter, the requirements of Regulation 30 shall
prevail.
Regulation 19: Bulkheads within a Main Vertical Zone
(a) All bulkheads which are not required to be "A" Class divisions
shall be at least "B" Class or "C" Class divisions as prescribed in the
tables in Regulation 20 of this Chapter. All such divisions may be faced
with combustible materials in accordance with the provisions of Regulation
27 of this Chapter.
(b) All corridor bulkheads where not required to be "A" Class shall be
"B" Class divisions which shall extend from deck to deck except:
(i) when continuous "B" Class ceilings and/or linings are fitted
on both sides of the bulkhead, the portion of the bulkhead behind the
continuous ceiling or lining shall be of material which in thickness and
composition is acceptable in the construction of "B" Class divisions but
which shall be required to meet "B" Class integrity standards only in so
far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of the Administration;
(ii) in the case of a ship protected by an automatic sprinkler
system complying with the provisions of Regulation 12 of this Chapter, the
corridor bulkheads of "B" Class materials may terminate at a ceiling in
the corridor provided such a ceiling is of material which in thickness and
composition is acceptable in the construction of "B" Class divisions.
Notwithstanding the requirements of Regulation 20 of this Chapter, such
bulkheads and ceilings shall be required to meet "B" Class integrity
standards only in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion
of the Administration. All doors and frames in such bulkheads shall be of
incombustible materials and shall be constructed and erected so as to
provide substantial fire resistance to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(c) All bulkheads required to be "B" Class divisions, except corridor
bulkheads, shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or other
boundaries unless continuous "B" Class ceilings and/or linings are fitted
on both sides of the bulkhead in which case the bulkhead may terminate at
the continuous ceiling or lining.
Regulation 20: Fire Integrity of bulkheads and Decks
(a) In addition to complying with the specific provisions for fire
integrity of bulkheads and decks mentioned elsewhere in the Regulations of
this Part, the minimum fire integrity of all bulkheads and decks shall be
as prescribed in Tables 1 to 4 in this Regulation. Where, due to any
particular structural arrangements in the ship, difficulty is experienced
in determining from the tables the minimum fire integrity value of any
divisions, such values shall be determined to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(b) The following requirements shall govern application of the tables:
(i) Table 1 shall apply to bulkheads bounding main vertical zones
or horizontal zones.
Table 2 shall apply to bulkheads not bounding either main
vertical zones or horizontal zones.
Table 3 shall apply to decks forming steps in main vertical
zones or bounding horizontal zones.
Table 4 shall apply to decks not forming steps in main
vertical zones nor bounding horizontal zones.
(ii) For the purpose of determining the appropriate fire integrity
standards to be applied to boundaries between adjacent spaces, such spaces
are classified according to their fire risk as shown in Categories (1) to
(14) below. Where the contents and use of a space are such that there is a
doubt as to its classification for the purpose of this Regulation, it
shall be treated as a space within the relevant category having the most
stringent boundary requirements. The title of each category is intended to
be typical rather than restrictive. The number in parentheses preceding
each category refers to the applicable column or row number in the tables.
(1) Control Stations
Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.
Wheelhouse and chartroom.
Spaces containing the ship's radio equipment.
Fire control and recording stations.
Control room for propelling machinery when located outside
the propelling machinery space.
Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.
Spaces containing centralized emergency public address
system stations and equipment.
(2) Stairways
Interior stairways, lifts and escalators (other than those
wholly contained within the machinery spaces) for passengers and crew and
enclosures thereto.
In this connexion, a stairway which is enclosed at only
one level shall be regarded as part of the space from which it is not
separated by a fire door.
(3) Corridors
Passenger and crew corridors.
(4) Lifeboat and Liferaft Handling and Embarkation Stations
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades forming lifeboat
and liferaft embarkation and lowering stations.
(5) Open Deck Spaces
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades clear of lifeboat
and liferaft embarkation and lowering stations.
Air space (the space outside superstructures and
deckhouses).
(6) Accommodation Spaces of Minor Fire Risk
Cabins containing furniture and furnishings of restricted
fire risk.
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of
restricted fire risk.
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of
restricted fire risk and having a deck area of less than 50 square metres
(540 square feet).
Offices and dispensaries containing furniture and
furnishings of restricted fire risk.
(7) Accommodation Spaces of Moderate Fire Risk
Same as (6) above but containing furniture and furnishings
of other than restricted fire risk.
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of
restricted fire risk and having a deck area of 50 square metres (540
square feet) and greater.
Isolated lockers and small store-rooms in accommodation
spaces.
Sale shops.
Motion picture projection and film stowage rooms.
Diet kitchens (containing no open flame).
Cleaning gear lockers (in which inflammable liquids are
not stowed).
Laboratories (in which inflammable liquids are not
stowed).
Pharmacies.
Small drying rooms (having a deck area of 4 square metres
(43 square feet) or less).
Specie rooms.
(8) Accommodation Spaces of Greater Fire Risk
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of
other than restricted fire risk and having a deck area of 50 square metres
(540 square feet) and greater.
Barber shops and beauty parlours.
(9) Sanitary and Similar Spaces
Communal sanitary facilities, showers, baths, water
closets, etc.
Small laundry rooms.
Indoor swimming pool area.
Operating rooms.
Isolated serving pantries in accommodation spaces.
Private sanitary facilities shall be considered a portion
of the space in which they are located.
(10) Tanks, Voids and Auxiliary Machinery Spaces having little
or no Fire Risk
Water tanks forming part of the ship's structure.
Voids and cofferdams.
Auxiliary machinery spaces which do not contain machinery
having a pressure lubrication system and where storage of combustibles is
prohibited, such as: ventilation and air-conditioning rooms; windlass
room; steering gear room; stabilizer equipment room; electrical
propulsion motor room; rooms containing section switchboards and purely
electrical equipment other than oil-filled electrical transformers (above
10 kVA); shaft alleys and pipe tunnels; spaces for pumps and refrigeration
machinery (not handling or using inflammable liquids).
Closed trunks serving the spaces listed above.
Other closed trunks such as pipe and cable trunks.
(11) Auxiliary Machinery Spaces, Cargo Spaces, Special
Category Spaces, Cargo and other Oil Tanks and other Similar Spaces of
Moderate Fire Risk
Cargo oil tanks.
Cargo holds, trunkways and hatchways.
Refrigerated chambers.
Oil fuel tanks (where installed in a separate space with
no machinery).
Shaft alleys and pipe tunnels allowing storage of
combustibles.
Auxiliary machinery spaces as in Category (10) which
contain machinery having a pressure lubrication system or where storage of
combustibles is permitted.
Oil fuel filling stations.
Spaces containing oil-filled electrical transformers
(above 10 kVA).
Spaces containing turbine and reciprocating steam engine
driven auxiliary generators and small internal combustion engines of power
output up to 112 kW driving emergency generators, sprinkler, drencher or
fire pumps, bilge pumps, etc.
Special category spaces (Tables 1 and 3 only apply).
Closed trunks serving the spaces listed above.
(12) Machinery Spaces and Main Galleys
Main propelling machinery rooms (other than electric
propulsion motor rooms) and boiler rooms.
Auxiliary machinery spaces other than those in Categories
(10) and (11) which contain internal combustion machinery or other
oil-burning, heating or pumping units.
Main galleys and annexes.
Trunks and casings to the spaces listed above.
(13) Store-rooms, Workshops, Pantries, etc.
Main pantries not annexed to galleys.
Main laundry
Large driving rooms (having a deck area of more than 4
square metres (43 square feet)).
Miscellaneous stores.
Mail and baggage rooms.
Garbage rooms.
Workshops (not part of machinery spaces, galleys, etc.).
(14) Other Spaces in which Inflammable Liquids are stowed
Lamp rooms.
TABLE 1-BULKHEADS BOUNDING MAIN VERTICAL ZONES OR HORIZONTAL ZONES
|-------------------------------------
|Spaces | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Control stations (1) | A-60 | A-30 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | A-15 | A-30 | A-60 | | | A-15 |
|Stairways (2) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-60 | A-60 |
| | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | A-30 | A-30 | | | A-15 |
|Corridors (3) | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-60 | A-60 |
| | | | A-0 | A-0 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Lifeboat and liferaft handling (4) | | | | | | | |
| | | - | - | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 |
|and embarkation stations | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | | | | |
|Open deck spaces (5) | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of mi- (6) | | | A-15 | A-30 | A-30 | | A-15 | A-15 |
| | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-30 |
|nor fire risk | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (7) | | | | A-30 | A-60 | | A-30 | A-30 |
| | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 |
|moderate fire risk | | | | A-0 | A-15 | | A-0 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (8) | | | | A-60 | | A-60 | A-30 |
| | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 |
|greater fire risk | | | | A-15 | | A-15 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | | | | |
|Sanitary and similar spaces (9) | | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Tanks, voids and auxiliary (10) | | | | | | | |
|machinery spaces having little | | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|or no fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Auxiliary machinery spaces, (11) | | | | | | A-0 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 |
|cargo spaces, special category | | | | | | | |
|spaces, cargo and other oil | | | | | | | |
|tanks and other similar spaces | | | | | | | |
|of moderate fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Machinery spaces and main (12) | | | | | | | 2|
| | | | | | | A-60 | A-30 | A-60 |
|galleys | | | | | | | A-15 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Store-rooms, workshops, (13) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | A-0 | A-30 |
|pantries. etc. | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Other spaces in which in- (14) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | A-60 |
|flammable liquids are stowed | | | | | | | |
|-------------------------------------
TABLE 2-BULKHEADS NOT BOUNDING EITHER MAIN VERTICAL ZONES OR HORI-ZONTAL ZONES
|-------------------------------------
|Spaces | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| 1 | | A-0 | | | | |
|Control stations (1) | B-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 |
| | | B-0 | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | 1 | | | A-15 | A-30 | | | A-15 |
|Stairways (2) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-30 |
| | | | A-0 | A-0 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | A-0 | B-15 | B-15 | | | A-30 |
|Corridors (3) | | C | A-0 | B-0 | | B-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-0 |
| | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Lifeboat and liferaft handling (4) | | | | | | | A-0 | A-15 |
| | | - | - | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | |
|and embarkation stations | | | | | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 |
|Open deck space (5) | | | - | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | |
| | | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | B-0 | B-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of mi- (6) | | | B-0 | B-15 | B-15 | B-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-30 |
| | | | | | | A-0 |
|nor fire risk | | | C | C | C | C | A-0 | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (7) | | | | B-15 | B-15 | B-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-60 | A-15 | A-60 |
| | | | | | | |
|moderate fire risk | | | | C | C | C | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (8) | | | | B-15 | B-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-60 | A-15 | A-60 |
| | | | | | | |
|greater fire risk | | | | C | C | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | | | | |
|Sanitary and similar spaces (9) | | | | | C | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Tanks. voids and auxiliary (10) | | | | | 1 | | |
|machinery spaces having little | | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|or no fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Auxiliary machinery spaces, (11) | | | | | | 1 | | 2 |
|cargo spaces, cargo and other | | | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 |
|oil tanks and other similar | | | | | | | A-15 |
|spaces of moderate fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Machinery spaces and main (12) | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 |
|galleys | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Store-rooms, workshops. (13) | | | | | | | 1 |
| | | | | | | A-0 | A-0 |
|pantries, etc. | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Other spaces in which in- (14) | | | | | | | 2 |
| | | | | | | | A-30 |
|flammable liquids are stowed | | | | | | | A-15 |
|-------------------------------------
TABLE 3-DECKS FORMING STEPS IN MAIN VERTICAL ZONES OR BOUNDINGHORIZONTAL ZONES
|-------------------------------------
|Space below ¡ý Space above ¡ú | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | | | | |
|Control stations (1) | A-60 | A-60 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-60 | A-15 | A-60 |
| | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | A-15 | A-15 | | | |
|Stairways (2) | A-15 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 |
| | | | A-0 | A-0 | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | A-0 | A-15 | A-15 | | | A-60 |
|Corridors (3) | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-0 |
| | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Lifeboat and liferaft handling (4) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|and embarkation stations | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | | | | |
|Open deck spaces (5) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of mi- (6) | A-30 | A-15 | | A-15 | A-30 | | A-15 | |
| A-60 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-0 | A-15 |
|nor fire risk | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (7) | A-60 | A-30 | A-15 | A-15 | A-30 | A-60 | | A-30 | |
| A-60 | | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-0 | A-30 |
|moderate fire risk | A-15 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | | A-0 | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (8) | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | | A-60 | A-60 |
| A-60 | | A-30 | | A-0 | A-30 | A-15 | |
|greater fire risk | A-15 | A-15 | A-15 | A-0 | A-15 | A-15 | | A-0 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | | | | | |
|Sanitary and similar spaces (9) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Tanks, voids and auxiliary (10) | | | | | | | |
|machinery spaces having little | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|or no fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Auxiliary machinery spaces. (11) | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-30 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | 2| A-30 |
|cargo spaces, special category | | | A-0 | A-15 | A-15 | | | A-30 |
|spaces, cargo and other oil | | | | | | | A-0 |
|tanks and other similar spaces | | | | | | | |
|of moderate fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Machinery spaces and main (12) | | | | | | | |
| A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 |
|galleys | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Store-rooms, workshops, (13) | A-60 | A-60 | A-30 | A-15 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-0 | A-30 |
| | | | | | | |
|pantries, etc. | A-15 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Other spaces in which in- (14) | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 |
| | | | | | | |
|flammable liquids are stowed | | | | | | | |
|-------------------------------------
TABLE 4-DECKS NOT FORMING STEPS IN MAIN VERTICAL ZONES NOR BOUN-ING HORIZONTAL ZONES
|-------------------------------------
|Space below ¡ý Space above ¡ú | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| A-30 | A-30 | A-15 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 |
|Control stations (1) | | | | | | | |
| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | B-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | | A-15 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| | | A-0 | | | | | A-30 |
|Stairways (2) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-0 |
| | | B-0 | | | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| A-15 | 1 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-15 | A-0 | | | A-30 |
|Corridors (3) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | | | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-0 |
| | 1 | | | | | |
| A-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Lifeboat and liferaft handling (4) | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | - | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| | | | | | | |
|and embarkation stations | | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
| A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|Open deck spaces (5) | | | | | | | |
| | B-0 | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | B-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of mi- (6) | A-60 | A-15 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-0 | A-15 |
| | | | | | | |
|nor fire risk | A-0 | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | A-0 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (7) | A-60 | A-30 | A-15 | A-15 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-0 | A-30 |
| | | | | | | |
|moderate fire risk | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Accommodation spaces of (8) | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-30 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-30 | A-0 | A-30 |
| | | | | | | |
|greater fire risk | A-15 | A-0 | A-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Sanitary spaces and similar | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
| (9) | | | | | | | |
|spaces | | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | B-0 | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Tanks. voids and auxiliary (10) | | | | | 1 | | |
|machinery spaces having little | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|or no fire risk | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Auxiliary machinery spaces, (11) | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | 1 | A-0 | A-0 | 2 |
|cargo spaces, cargo and other | A-15 | A-15 | A-0 | | A-0 | A-0 | | A-0 | | A-30 |
|oil tanks and other similar | | | | | | | |
|spaces of moderate fire risk | | | | | | | A-15 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Machinery spaces and main (12) | | | | | | 1| |
| A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | A-30 | A-30 | A-0 | A-60 |
|galleys | | | | | | | |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Store-rooms, workshops. (13) | A-60 | A-30 | A-15 | A-15 | A-0 | A-15 | A-30 | A-30 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | 2 |
| | | | | | | | A-15 |
|pantries. etc. | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | B-0 | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 | B-0 | | | A-0 |
|----------|--|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--|
|Other spaces in which in- (14) | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-30 | A-60 | A-60 | A-0 | A-0 | 2| 2| A-0 | 2 |
| | A-30 | A-30 | | | | A-30 | A-30 | A-30 |
|flammable liquids are stowed | | | A-0 | A-15 | A-15 | | A-0 | A-0 | A-0 |
|-------------------------------------
Paint rooms.
Store-rooms containing inflammable liquids (including
dyes, medicines, etc.).
Laboratories (in which inflammable liquids are stowed).
(iii) Where a single value is shown for the fire integrity of a
boundary between two spaces, that value shall apply in all cases.
(iv) In determining the applicable fire integrity standard of a
boundary between two spaces within a main vertical zone or horizontal zone
which is not protected by an automatic sprinkler system complying with the
provisions of Regulation 12 of this Chapter or between such zones neither
of which is so protected, the higher of the two values given in the tables
shall apply.
(v) In determining the applicable fire integrity standard of a
boundary between two spaces within a main vertical zone or horizontal zone
which is protected by an automatic sprinkler system complying with the
provisions of Regulation 12 of this Chapter or between such zones both of
which are so protected, the lesser of the two values given in the tables
shall apply. In instances where a sprinklered zone and a non-sprinklered
zone meet within accommodation and service spaces, the higher of the two
values given in the tables shall apply to the division between the zones.
(vi) Where adjacent spaces are in the same numerical category and
the superscript "1" appears in the tables, a bulkhead or deck between such
spaces need not be fitted if deemed unnecessary by the Administration. For
example, in Category (12) a bulkhead need not be required between a galley
and its annexed pantries provided the pantry bulkheads and decks maintain
the integrity of the galley boundaries. A bulkhead is, however, required
between a galley and a machinery space even though both spaces are in
Category (12).
(vii) Where the superscript "2" appears in the tables, the lesser
insulation value may be permitted only if at least one of the adjoining
spaces is protected by an automatic sprinkler system complying with the
provisions of Regulation 12 of this Chapter.
(viii) Notwithstanding the provisions of Regulation 19 of this
Chapter, there are no special requirements for material or integrity of
boundaries where only a dash appears in the tables.
(ix) The Administration shall determine in respect of Category (5)
spaces whether the insulation values in Table 1 or 2 shall apply to ends
of deckhouses and superstructures, and whether the insulation values in
Table 3 or 4 shall apply to weather decks. In no case shall the
requirements of Category (5) of Tables 1 to 4 necessitate enclosure of
spaces which in the opinion of the Administration need not be enclosed.
(c) Continuous "B" Class ceilings or linings, in association with the
relevant decks or bulkheads, may be accepted as contributing wholly or in
part, to the required insulation and integrity of a division.
(d) In approving structural fire protection details, the
Administration shall have regard to the risk of head transmission at
intersections and terminal points of required thermal barriers.
Regulation 21: Means of Escape
(a) In and from all passenger and crew spaces and in spaces in which
the crew is normally employed, other than machinery spaces, stairways and
ladders shall be arranged to provide ready means of escape to the lifeboat
and liferaft embarkation deck. In particular, the following provisions
shall be complied with:
(i) Below the bulkhead deck, two means of escape, at least one of
which shall be independent of watertight doors, shall be provided from
each watertight compartment or similarly restricted space or group of
spaces. Exceptionally, the Administration may dispense with one of the
means of escape, due regard being paid to the nature and location of
spaces and to the number of persons who normally might be quartered or
employed there.
(ii) Above the bulkhead deck, there shall be at least two means of
escape from each main vertical zone or similarly restricted space or group
of spaces at least one of which shall give access to a stairway forming a
vertical escape.
(iii) At least one of the means of escape required by
sub-paragraphs (a) (i) and (ii) of this Regulation shall be by means of a
readily accessible enclosed stairway, which shall provide continuous fire
shelter from the level of its origin to the appropriate lifeboat and
liferaft embarkation decks or the highest level served by the stairway,
whichever level is the highest. However, where an Administration has
granted dispensation under the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) (i) of this
Regulation the sole means of escape shall provide safe escape to the
satisfaction of the Administration. The width, number and continuity of
the stairways shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(iv) Protection of access from the stairway enclosures to the
lifeboat and liferaft embarkation areas shall be to the satisfaction of
the Administration.
(v) Lifts shall not be considered as forming one of the required
means of escape.
(vi) Stairways serving only a space and a balcony in that space
shall not be considered as forming one of the required means of escape.
(vii) If a radiotelegraph station has no direct access to the
weather deck, two means of escape shall be provided from such station.
(viii) Dead-end corridors exceeding 13 metres (43 feet) shall not
be permitted.
(b) (i) In special category spaces the number and disposition of the
means of escape both below and above the bulkhead deck shall be to the
satisfaction of the Administration, and in general the safety of access to
the embarkation deck shall be at least equivalent to that provided for
under sub-paragraphs (a) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) of this
Regulation.
(ii) One of the escape routes from the machinery spaces where the
crew is normally employed shall avoid direct access to any special
category space.
(c) Two means of escape shall be provided from each machinery space.
In particular, the following provisions shall be complied with:
(i) Where the space is below the bulkhead deck the two means of
escape shall consist of either;
(1) two sets of steel ladders as widely separated as possible,
leading to doors in the upper part of the space similarly separated and
from which access is provided to the appropriate lifeboat and liferaft
embarkation decks. One of these ladders shall provide continuous fire
shelter from the lower part of the space to a safe position outside the
space; or
(2) one steel ladder leading to a door in the upper part of
the space from which access is provided to the embarkation deck and a
steel door capable of being operated from each side and which provides a
safe escape route to the embarkation deck.
(ii) Where the space is above the bulkhead deck. two means of
escape shall be as widely separated as possible and the doors leading from
such means of escape shall be in a position from which access is provided
to the appropriate lifeboat and liferaft embarkation decks. Where such
escapes require the use of ladders these shall be of steel.
Provided that in a ship of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage, the
Administration may dispense with one of the means of escape due regard
being paid to the width and disposition of the upper part of the space;
and in a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and above, the Administration
may dispense with one means of escape from any such space so long as
either a door or a steel ladder provides a safe escape route to the
embarkation deck due regard being paid to the nature and location of the
space and whether persons are normally employed in that space.
Regulation 22: Protection of Stairways and Lifts in Accommodationand Service Spaces
(a) All stairways shall be of steel frame construction except where
the Administration sanctions the use of other equivalent material, and
shall be within enclosures formed of "A" Class divisions, with positive
means of closure at all openings, except that:
(i) a stairway connecting only two decks need not be enclosed,
provided the integrity of the deck is maintained by proper bulkheads or
doors at one between deck space. When a stairway is closed at one between
deck space, the stairway enclosure shall be protected in accordance with
the tables for decks in Regulation 20 of this Chapter;
(ii) stairways may be fitted in the open in a public space,
provided they lie wholly within such public space.
(b) Stairway enclosure shall have direct communication with the
corridors and be of sufficient area to prevent congestion, having in view
the number of persons likely to use them in an emergency. In so far as
practicable, stairway enclosures shall not give direct access to cabins,
service lockers, or other enclosed spaces containing combustibles in which
a fire is likely to originate.
(c) Lift trunks shall be so fitted as to prevent the passage of smoke
and flame from one between deck to another and shall be provided with
means of closing so as to permit the control of draught and smoke.
Regulation 23: Openings in "A" Class Divisions
(a) Where "A" Class divisions are pierced for the passage of electric
cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., for girders, beams or other
structures, arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance
is not impaired, subject to the provisions of paragraph (g) of this
Regulation.
(b) Where of necessity, a ventilation duct passes through a main
vertical zone bulkhead, a fail-safe automatic closing fire damper shall be
fitted adjacent to the bulkhead. The damper shall also be capable of being
manually closed from each side of the bulkhead. The operating position
shall be readily accessible and be marked in red light-reflecting color.
The duct between the bulkhead and the damper shall be of steel or other
equivalent material and, if necessary, to an insulating standard such as
to comply with paragraph (a) of this Regulation. The damper shall be
fitted on at least one side of the bulkhead with a visible indicator
showing if the damper is in the open position.
(c) Except for hatches between cargo, special category, store, and
baggage spaces, and between such spaces and the weather decks, all
openings shall be provided with permanently attached means of closing
which shall be at least as effective for resisting fires as the divisions
in which they are fitted.
(d) The construction of all doors and door frames in "A" Class
divisions, with the means of securing them when closed, shall provide
resistance to fire as well as to the passage of smoke and flame, as far as
practicable, equivalent to that of the bulkheads in which the doors are
situated. Such doors and door frames shall be constructed of steel or
other equivalent material. Watertight doors need not be insulated.
(e) It shall be possible for each door to be opened and closed from
each side of the bulkhead by one person only.
(f) Fire doors in main vertical zone bulkheads and stairway
enclosures, other than power-operated watertight doors and those which are
normally locked, shall be of the self-closing type capable of closing
against an inclination of 3 1/2 degrees opposing closure. The speed of
door closure shall, if necessary, be controlled so as to prevent undue
danger to personnel. All such doors, except those that are normally
closed, shall be capable of release from a control station, either
simultaneously or in groups, and also individually from a position at the
door. The release mechanism shall be so designed that the door will
automatically close in the event of disruption of the control system;
however, approved power-operated watertight doors will be considered
acceptable for this purpose. Hold-back hooks, not subject to control
station release, will not be permitted. When double swing doors are
permitted, they shall have a latch arrangement which is automatically
engaged by the operation of the door release system.
(g) Where a space is protected by an automatic sprinkler system
complying with the provisions of Regulation 12 of this Chapter of fitted
with a continuous "B" Class ceiling, openings in decks not forming steps
in main vertical zones nor bounding horizontal zones shall be closed
reasonably tight and such decks shall meet the "A" Class integrity
requirements in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of
the Administration.
(h) The requirements for "A" Class integrity of the outer boundaries
of a ship shall not apply to glass partitions, windows and side scuttles.
Similarly, the requirements for "A" Class integrity shall not apply to
exterior doors in superstructures and deckhouses.
Regulation 24: Openings in "B" Class Divisions
(a) Where "B" Class divisions are penetrated for the passage of
electrical cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., or for the fitting of
ventilation terminals, lighting fixtures and similar devices, arrangements
shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance is not impaired.
(b) Doors and door frames in "B" Class divisions and means of securing
them shall provide a method of closure which shall have resistance to fire
as far as practicable equivalent to the divisions except that ventilation
openings may be permitted in the lower portion of such doors. Where such
opening is in or under a door the total net area of any such opening or
openings shall not exceed 0.05 square metres (78 square inches). When such
opening is cut in a door it shall be fitted with a grill made of
non-combustible material. Doors shall be noncombustible.
(c) The requirements for "B" Class integrity of the outer boundaries
of a ship shall not apply to glass partitions, windows and side scuttles.
Similarly, the requirements for "B" Class integrity shall not apply to
exterior doors in superstructures and deckhouses.
(d) Where an automatic sprinkler system complying with the provisions
of Regulation 12 of this Chapter is fitted:
(i) openings in decks not forming steps in main vertical zones nor
bounding horizontal zones shall be closed reasonably tight and such decks
shall meet the "B" Class integrity requirements in so far as is reasonable
and practicable in the opinion of the Administration; and
(ii) openings in corridor bulkheads of "B" Class materials shall
be protected in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 19 of this
Chapter.
Regulation 25: Ventilation Systems
(a) In general, the ventilation fans shall be so disposed that the
ducts reaching the various spaces remain within the main vertical zone.
(b) Where ventilation systems penetrate decks, precautions shall be
taken, in addition to those relating to the fire integrity of the deck
required by Regulation 23 of this Chapter, to reduce the likelihood of
smoke and hot gases passing from one between deck space to another through
the system. In addition to insulation requirements contained in this
Regulation, vertical ducts shall, if necessary, be insulated as required
by the appropriate tables in Regulation 20 of this Chapter.
(c) The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems shall be
capable of being closed from outside the space being ventilated.
(d) Except in cargo spaces, ventilation ducts shall be constructed of
the following materials:
(i) Ducts not less than 0.075 square metres (116 square inches) in
sectional area and all vertical ducts serving more than a single between
deck space shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material.
(ii) Ducts less than 0.075 square metres (116 square inches) in
sectional area shall be constructed of non-combustible materials. Where
such ducts penetrate "A" or "B" Class divisions due regard shall be given
to ensuring the fire integrity of the division.
(iii) Short lengths of duct, not in general exceeding 0.02 square
metres (31 square inches) in sectional area nor 2 metres (79 inches) in
length, need not be incombustible provided that all of the following
conditions are met:
(1) the duct is constructed of a material of restricted fire
risk to the satisfaction of the Administration;
(2) the duct is used only at the terminal end of the
ventilation system; and
(3) the duct is not located closer than 0.6 metres (24 inches)
measured along its length to a penetration of an "A" or "B" Class
division, including continuous "B" Class ceilings.
(e) Where a stairway enclosure is ventilated, the duct or ducts (if
any) shall be taken from the fan room independently of other ducts in the
ventilation system and shall not serve any other space.
(f) All power ventilation, except machinery and cargo spaces
ventilation and any alternative system which may be required under
paragraph (h) of this Regulation, shall be fitted with controls so grouped
that all fans may be stopped from either of two separate positions which
shall be situated as far apart as practicable. Controls provided for the
power ventilation serving machinery spaces shall also be grouped so as to
be operable from two positions, one of which shall be outside such
spaces. Fans serving power ventilation systems to cargo spaces shall be
capable of being stopped from a safe position outside such spaces.
(g) Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containing
combustible materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges shall be
constructed of "A" Class divisions. Each exhaust duct shall be fitted
with:
(i) a grease trap readily removable for cleaning;
(ii) a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct;
(iii) arrangements, operable from within the galley, for shutting
off the exhaust fan; and
(iv) fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct.
(h) Such measures as are practicable shall be taken in respect of
control stations outside machinery spaces in order to ensure that
ventilation, visibility and freedom from smoke are maintained, so that in
the event of fire the machinery and equipment contained therein may be
supervised and continue to function effectively. Alternative and separate
means of air supply shall be provided; air inlets of the two sources of
supply shall be so disposed that the risk of both inlets drawing in smoke
simultaneously is minimized. At the discretion of the Administration,
such requirements need not apply to control stations situated on, and
opening on to, an open deck, or where local closing arrangements would be
equally effective.
(i) Ducts provided for ventilation of machinery spaces of Category A
shall not in general pass through accommodation, service spaces or control
stations, except that the Administration may permit relaxation from this
requirement, provided that:
(i) the ducts are constructed of steel, and are insulated to
"A-60" standard; or
(ii) the ducts are constructed of steel and are fitted with an
automatic fire damper close to the boundary penetrated and are insulated
to "A-60" standard from the machinery space to a point at least 5 metres
(16 feet) beyond the fire damper.
(j) Ducts provided for ventilation of accommodation, service spaces,
or control stations shall not in general pass through machinery spaces of
Category A, except that the Administration may permit relaxation from this
requirement provided that the ducts are constructed of steel and automatic
fire dampers are fitted close to the boundaries penetrated.
Regulation 26: Windows and Sidecuttles
(a) All windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads within accommodation and
service spaces and control stations other than those to which the
provisions of paragraph (h) of Regulation 23 and paragraph (c) of
Regulation 24 of this Chapter apply, shall be constructed so as to
preserve the integrity requirements of the type of bulkheads in which they
are fitted.
(b) Notwithstanding the requirements of the tables in Regulation 20 of
this Chapter:
(i) All windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads separating
accommodation and service spaces and control stations from weather shall
be constructed with frames of steel or other suitable material. The glass
shall be retained by a metal glazing bead or angle.
(ii) Special attention shall be given to the fire integrity of
windows facing open or enclosed lifeboat and liferaft embarkation areas
and to windows situated below such areas in such a position that their
failure during a fire would impede the launching of, or embarkation into,
lifeboats or liferafts.
Regulation 27: Restriction of Combustible Materials
(a) Except in cargo spaces, mail rooms, baggage rooms, or refrigerated
compartments of service spaces, all linings, grounds, ceilings and
insulation shall be of non-combustible materials. Partial bulkheads or
decks used to subdivide a space for utility or artistic treatment shall
also be of non-combustible material.
(b) Vapour barriers and adhesives used in conjunction with insulation,
as well as insulation of pipe fittings, for cold service systems need not
be non-combustible, but they shall be kept to the minimum quantity
practicable and their exposed surfaces shall have qualities of resistance
to the propagation of flame to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(c) Bulkheads, linings and ceilings in all accommodation and service
spaces may have combustible veneer, provided that such veneer shall not
exceed 2 millimetres (1/12 inch) within any such spaces except corridors,
stairway enclosures and control stations where it shall not exceed 1.5
millimetres (1/17 inch).
(d) The total volume of combustible facings, mouldings, decorations
and veneers in any accommodation and service space shall not exceed a
volume equivalent to 2.5 millimeters (1/ 10 inch) veneer on the combined
area of the walls and ceilings. In the case of ships fitted with an
automatic sprinkler system complying with the provisions of Regulation 12
of this Chapter, the above volume may include, some combustible material
used for erection of "C" Class divisions.
(e) All exposed surfaces in corridors or stairway enclosures and
surfaces in concealed or inaccessible spaces in accommodation and service
spaces and control stations shall have low flame-spread characteristics. *
[* Reference is made to Guidelines on the Evaluation of Fire Hazard
Properties of Materials, adopted by the Organization by Resolution A. 166
(ES. IV).]
(f) Furniture in the passages and stairway enclosures shall be kept to
a minimum.
(g) Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior
surfaces shall not be of a nature to offer an undue fire hazard in the
judgment of the Administration and shall not be capable of producing
excessive quantities of smoke or other toxic properties.
(h) Primary deck voverings, if applied, within accommodation and
service spaces and control stations, shall be of approved material which
will notreadily ignite, or give rise to toxic or explosive hazards at
elevated temperatures. **
[** Reference is made to Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test
Procedures for Primary Deck Coverings, adopted by the Organization by
Resolution A.214 (VII).]
(i) Waste-paper receptacles shall be constructed of non-combustible
materials and with solid sides and bottom.
Regulation 28: Miscellaneous Items
Requirements Applicable to all Portions of the Ship
(a) Pipes penetrating "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be of a
material approved by the Administration having regard to the temperature
such divisions are required to withstand. Pipes conveying oil or
combustible liquids shall be of a material approved by the Administration
having regard to the fire risk. Materials readily rendered ineffective by
heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and
other outlets which are close to the water-line and where the failure of
the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.
Requirements Applicable to Accommodation and Service Spaces, Control
Stations, Corridors and Stairways
(b) (i) Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, paneling or linings shall
be suitably divided by close-fitting draught stops not more than 14 metres
(46 feet) apart.
(ii) In the vertical direction, such spaces, including those
behind linings of stairways, trunks, etc., shall be closed at each deck.
(c) The construction of ceiling and bulkheading shall be such that it
will be possible, without impairing the efficiency of the fire
protection, for the fire patrols to detect any smoke originating in
concealed and inaccessible places, except where in the opinion of the
Administration there is no risk of fire originating in such places.
Regulation 29: Automatic Sprinkler and Fire Alarm and Fire Detec-tion Systems or Automatic Fire Alarm and Fire Detection Systems
In any ship to which this Part applies there shall be installed
throughout each separate zone, whether vertical or horizontal, in all
accommodation and service spaces and, where it is considered necessary by
the Administration, in control stations, except spaces which afford no
substantial fire risk (such as void spaces. sanitaryspaces, etc.) either:
(i) an automatic sprinkler and fire alarm and fire detection system of
an approved type, complying with the provisions of Regulation 12 of this
Chapter and installed and so arranged as to protect such spaces; or
(ii) an automatic fire alarm and fire detection system of an approved
type, complying with the provisions of Regulation 13 of this Chapter, and
installed and so arranged as to detect the presence of fire in such
spaces.
Regulation 30: Protection of Special Category Spaces
Provisions Applicable to Special Category Spaces whether above or
below the Bulkhead Deck
(a) General
(i) The basic principle underlying the provisions in this
Regulation is that as normal main vertical zoning may not be practicable
in special category spaces, equivalent protection must be obtained in such
spaces on the basis of a horizontal zone concept and the provision of an
efficient fixed fire-extinguishing system. Under this concept a horizontal
zone for the purpose of this Regulation may include special category
spaces on more than one deck provided that the overall height of the zone
does not exceed 10 metres (33 feet).
(ii) All requirements laid down in Regulations 23 and 25 of this
Chapter for maintaining the integrity of vertical zones shall be applied
equally to decks and bulkheads forming the boundaries separating
horizontal zones from each other and from the remainder of the ship.
(b) Structural Protection
(i) Boundary bulkheads of special category spaces shall be
insulated as required for Category (11) spaces in Table 1 of Regulation 20
of this Chapter and the horizontal boundaries as required for Category
(11) spaces in Table 3 of that Regulation.
(ii) Indicators shall be provided on the navigating bridge which
shall indicate when any fire door leading to or from the special category
spaces is closed.
(c) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing System*
[* Reference is made to Recommendation of Fixed Fire Extinguishing
Systems for Special Category Spaces adopted by the Organization by
Resolution A. 123 (V).]
Each special category space shall be fitted with an approved fixed
pressure water-spraying system for manual operation which shall protect
all parts of any deck and vehicle platform, if any, in such space,
provided that the Administration may permit the use of any other fixed
fire-extinguishing system that has been shown by full-scale test in
conditions simulating a flowing petrol fire in a special category space to
be not less effective in controlling fires likely to occur in such a
space.
(d) Patrols and Detection
(i) An efficient patrol system shall be maintained in special
category spaces. In any such space in which the patrol is not maintained
by a continuous fire watch at all times during the voyage there shall be
provided in that space an automatic fire detection system of an approved
type.
(ii) Manual fire alarms shall be provided as necessary throughout
the special category spaces and one shall be placed close to each exit
from such spaces.
(e) Fire-Extinguishing Equipment
There shall be provided in each special category space:
(i) a number of hydrants with hoses and dual-purpose nozzles of an
approved type so arranged that at least two jets of water each from a
single length of hose not emanating from the same hydrant may reach any
part of such space;
(ii) at least three water fog applicators;
(iii) one portable applicator unit complying with the provisions
of Regulation 7(d) of this Chapter, provided that at least two such units
are available in the ship for use in such spaces; and
(iv) such number of portable fire extinguishers of an approved
type as the Administration may deem sufficient.
(f) Ventilation System
(i) There shall be provided an effective power ventilation system
for the special category spaces sufficient to give at least 10 air changes
per hour. The system for such spaces shall be entirely separated from
other ventilation systems and shall be operating at all times when
vehicles are in such spaces. The Administration may require an increased
number of air changes when vehicles are being loaded and unloaded.
(ii) The ventilation shall be such as to prevent air
stratification and the formation of air pockets.
(iii) Means shall be provided to indicate on the navigating bridge
any loss or reduction of the required ventilating capacity.
------------------
Additional Provisions Applicable only to Special Category Spaces above
the Bulkhead Deck
(g) Scuppers
In view of the serious loss of stability which could arise due to
large quantities of water accumulating on the deck or decks consequent on
the operation of the fixed pressure water-spraying system, scuppers shall
be fitted so as to ensure that such water is rapidly discharged directly
overboard.
(h) Precautions against Ignition of Inflammable Vapors
(i) Equipment which may constitute a source of ignition of
inflammable vapors and in particular electrical equipment and wiring,
shall be installed at least 450 millimetres (18 inches) above the deck,
provided that if the Administration is satisfied that the installation of
such electrical equipment and wiring below this level is necessary for the
safe operation of the ship, such electrical equipment and wiring shall be
of a type approved for use in an explosive petrol and air mixture.
Electrical equipment installed at more than 450 millimetres (18 inches)
above the deck shall be of a type so enclosed and protected as to prevent
the escape of sparks. the reference to a level of 450 millimetres (18
inches) above the deck shall be construed to mean each deck on which
vehicles are carried and on which explosive vapours might be expected to
accumulate.
(ii) Electrical equipment and wiring, if installed in an exhaust
ventilation duct, shall be of a type approved for use in explosive petrol
and air mixtures and the outlet from any exhaust duct shall be sited in a
safe position, having regard to other possible sources of ignition.
-------------------
Additional Provisions applicable only to Special Category Spaces below
the Bulkhead Deck
(i) Bilge Pumping and Drainage
In view of the serious loss of stability which could arise due to
large quantities of water accumulating on the deck or tank top consequent
on theoperation of the fixed pressure waterspraying system, the
Administration may require pumping and drainage facilities to be provided
additional to the requirements of Regulation 18 of Chap ter II-1 of the
present Convention.
(j) Precautions against Ignition of Inflammable Vapours
(i) Electrical equipment and wiring, if fitted, shall be of a type
suitable for use in explosive petrol and air mixtures. Other equipment
which may constitute a source of ignition of inflammable vapours shall not
be permitted.
(ii) Electrical equipment and wiring, if installed in an exhaust
ventilation duct, shall be of a type approved for use in explosive petrol
and air mixtures and the outlet from any exhaust duct shall be sited in a
safe position, having regard to other possible sources of ignition.
Regulation 31: Protection of Cargo Spaces other than Special Cate-gory Spaces intended for the Carriage of Motor Vehicles with Fuel intheir Tanks for their own Propulsion
In any cargo space (other than special category spaces) containing
motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks for their own propulsion, the
following provisions shall be complied with:
(a) Fire Detection
There shall be provided an approved fire detection and fire alarm
system.
(b) Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements
(i) There shall be fitted a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system
which shall comply with the provisions of Regulation 8 of this Chapter,
except that if a carbon dioxide system is fitted, the quantity of gas
available shall be at least sufficient to give a minimum volume of free
gas equal to 45 per cent of the gross volume of the largest of such cargo
spaces which is capable of being sealed, and the arrangements shall be
such as to ensure that the gas is introduced rapidly and effectively into
the space. Any other fixed gas fire-extinguishing system or fixed high
expansion froth fireextinguishing system may be fitted provided it gives
equivalent protection.
(ii) There shall be provided for use in any such space such number
of portable fire extinguishers of an approved type as the Administration
may deem sufficient.
(c) Ventilation System
(i) In any such cargo space there shall be provided an effective
power ventilation system sufficient to give at least 10 air changes per
hour. The system for such cargo spaces shall be entirely separated from
other ventilation systems and shall be operating at all times when
vehicles are in such spaces.
(ii) The ventilation shall be such as to prevent air
stratification and the formation of air pockets.
(iii) Means shall be provided to indicate on the navigating bridge
any loss or reduction of the required ventilating capacity.
(d) Precautions against Ignition of Inflammable Vapours
(i) Electrical equipment and wiring, if fitted, shall be of a type
suitable for use in explosive petrol and air mixtures. Other equipment
which may constitute a source of ignition of inflammable vapours shall not
be permitted.
(ii) Electrical equipment and wiring, if installed in an exhaust
ventilation duct, shall be of a type approved for use in explosive petrol
and air mixtures and the outlet from any exhaust duct shall be sited in a
safe position, having regard to other possible sources of ignition.
Regulation 32: Maintenance of Fire Patrols, etc., and Provisionfor Fire-Extinguishing Equipment
(a) Fire Patrols and Detection, Alarms and Public Address Systems
(i) An efficient patrol system shall be maintained so that an
outbreak of fire may be promptly detected. Each member of the fire patrol
shall be trained to be familiar with the arrangements of the ship as well
as the location and operation of any equipment he may be called upon to
use.
(ii) Manual alarms shall be fitted throughout the accommodation
and service spaces to enable the fire patrol to give an alarm immediately
to the navigating bridge or main fire control station.
(iii) An approved fire alarm or fire detecting system shall be
provided which will automatically indicate at one or more suitable points
or stations the presence or indication of fire and its location in any
cargo space which, in the opinion of the Administration, is not accessible
to the patrol system, except where it is shown to the satisfaction of the
Administration that the ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration
that it would be unreasonable to apply this requirement.
(iv) The ship shall at all times when at sea, or in port (except
when out of service), be so manned or equipped as to ensure that any
initial fire alarm is immediately received by a responsible member of the
crew.
(v) A special alarm, operated from the navigating bridge or fire
control station, shall be fitted to summon the crew. This alarm may be
part of the ship's general alarm system but it shall be capable of being
sounded independently of the alarm to the passenger spaces.
(vi) A public address system or other effective means of
communication shall be available throughout the accommodation and service
spaces and control stations.
(b) Fire Pumps and Fire Main System
The ship shall be provided with fire pumps, fire main system, hydrants
and hoses complying with the provisions of Regulation 5 of this Chapter
andshall comply with the following requirements:
(i) In a ship of 4,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, there shall
be provided at least three independently-driven fire pumps and, in a ship
of less than 4,000 tons gross tonnage, at least two such fire pumps.
(ii) In a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, the
arrangement of sea connexions, fire pumps and sources of power for
operating them shall be such as to ensure that a fire in any one
compartment will not put all the fire pumps out of action.
(iii) In a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, the
arrangement of fire pumps, fire mains and hydrants shall be such that at
least one effective jet of water as stipulated in paragraph (c) of
Regulation 5 of this Chapter is immediately available from any one hydrant
in an interior location. Arrangements shall also be made to ensure the
continuation of the output of water by the automatic starting of a
required fire pump.
(iv) In a ship of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage the
arrangements shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(c) Fire Hydrants, Hoses and Nozzles
(i) The ship shall be provided with fire hoses the number and
diameter of which shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
There shall be at least one fire hose for each of the hydrants required by
paragraph (d) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter and these hoses shall be
used only for the purposes of extinguishing fires or testing the
fire-extinguishing apparatus at fire drills and surveys.
(ii) In accommodation and service spaces and in machinery spaces,
the number and position of hydrants shall be such that the requirements
of paragraph (d) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter may be complied with when
all watertight doors and all doors in main vertical zone bulkheads are
closed.
(iii) The arrangements shall be such that at least two jets of
water can reach any part of any cargo space when empty.
(iv) All required hydrants in machinery spaces shall be fitted
with hoses having in addition to the nozzles required in paragraph (g) of
Regulation 5 of this Chapter nozzles suitable for spraying water on oil,
or alternatively dual-purpose nozzles. Additionally, each machinery space
of Category A shall be provided with at least two suitable water fog
applicators.*
[* A water fog applicator might consist of a metal "L"-shaped pipe,
the long limb being about 2 metres (6 feet) in length capable of being
fitted to a fire hose and the short limb being about 250 millimetres (10
inches) in length fitted with a fixed water fog nozzle or capable of being
fitted with a water spray nozzle.]
(v) Water spray nozzles or dual-purpose nozzles shall be provided
for at least one quarter of the number of hoses required in parts of the
ship other than machinery spaces.
(vi) For each pair of breathing apparatus there shall be provided
one water fog applicator which shall be stored adjacent to such apparatus.
(vii) Where, in any machinery space of Category A, access is
provided at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel, two hydrants fitted
with hoses with dual-purpose nozzles shall be provided external to, but
near the entrance to that machinery space. Where such access is not
provided from a tunnel but is provided from other space or spaces there
shall be provided in one of those spaces two hydrants fitted with hoses
with dual-purpose nozzles near the entrance to the machinery space of
Category A. Such provision need not be made when the tunnel or adjacent
spaces are not part of an escape route.
(d) International Shore Connexion
(i) A ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be
provided with at least one international shore connexion, complying with
the provisions of paragraph (h) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.
(ii) Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be
used on either side of the ship.
(e) Portable Fire Extinguishers in Accommodation and Service Spaces
and Control Stations
The ship shall be provided in accommodation and service spaces and
control stations with such approved portable fire extinguishers as the
Administration may deem to be appropriate and sufficient.
(f) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Cargo Spaces
(i) The cargo spaces of ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and
upwards shall be protected by a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system
complying with the provisions of Regulation 8 of this Chapter, or by a
fixed high expansion froth fire-extinguishing system which gives
equivalent protection.
(ii) Where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration
that a ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be
unreasonable to apply the requirements of subparagraph (i) of this
paragraph and also in ship of less than, 1,000 tons gross tonnage, the
arrangements in cargo spaces shall be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(g) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Boiler Rooms, etc.
Spaces containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units shall be
provided with the following arrangements:
(i) There shall be any one of the following fixed
fire-extinguishing systems:
(1) A pressure water-spraying system complying with the
provisions of Regulation 11 of this Chapter.
(2) A gas system complying with the provisions of Regulation 8
of this Chapter.
(3) A froth system complying with the provisions of Regulation
9 of this Chapter.
(4) A high expansion froth system complying with the
provisions of Regulation 10 of this Chapter.
In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely
separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine
room, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one
compartment.
(ii) There shall be in each boiler room at least one set of
portable air-froth equipment complying with the provisions of paragraph
(d) of Regulation 7 of this Chapter.
(iii) There shall be at least two approved portable extinguishers
discharging froth or equivalent in each firing space in each boiler room
and each space in which a part of the oil fuel installation is situated.
There shall be not less than one approved froth-type extinguisher of at
least 136 litres (30 gallons) capacity or equivalent in each boiler room.
these extinguishers shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for
reaching any part of the boiler room.
(iv) In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing
sand, sawdust impregnated with soda or other approved dry material, in
such quantity as may be required by the Administration. Alternatively an
approved portable extinguisher may be substituted therefor.
(h) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Spaces containing Internal
Combustion Type Machinery
Spaces containing internal combustion machinery sued either for main
propulsion, or for other purposes when such machinery has in the aggregate
a total power output of not less than 373 kW, shall be provided with the
following arrangements:
(i) There shall be one of the fire-extinguishing systems required
by sub-paragraph (g) (i) of this Regulation
(ii) There shall be at least one set of portable air-froth
equipment complying with the provisions of paragraph (d) of Regulation 7
of this Chapter.
(iii) There shall be in each such space approved froth-type
extinguishers each of at least 45 litres (10 gallons) capacity or
equivalent sufficient in number to enable froth or its equivalent to be
directed on to any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems,
gearing and other fire hazards. In addition, there shall be provided a
sufficient number of portable froth extinguishers or equivalent which
shall be so located that an extinguisher is not more than 10 metres (33
feet) walking distance from any point in the space; provided that there
shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such space.
(i) Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Spaces containing Steam
Turbines or enclosed Steam Engines
In spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used
either for main propulsion or for other purposes when such machinery has
in the aggregate a total power output of not less than 373 kW:
(i) There shall be provided froth fire extinguishers each of at
least 45 litres (10 gallons) capacity or equivalent sufficient in number
to enable froth or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the
pressure lubrication system, on to any part of the casings enclosing
pressure lubricated parts of the turbines, engines or associated gearing,
and any other fire hazards. Provided that such extinguishers shall not be
required if protection at least equivalent to this sub-paragraph is
provided in such spaces by a fixed fireextinguishing system fitted in
compliance with sub-paragraph (g) (i) of this Regulation.
(ii) There shall be provided a sufficient number of portable froth
extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that an extinguisher
is not more than 10 metres (33 feet) walking distance from any point in
the space; provided that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in
each such space, and such extinguishers shall not be required in addition
to any provided in compliance with sub-paragraph (h) (iii) of this
Regulation.
(j) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in other Machinery Spaces
Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists in
any machinery space for which no specific provisions for
fire-extinguishing appliances are prescribed in paragraphs (g), (h) and
(i) of this Regulation there shall be provided in, or adjacent to, that
space such number of approved portable fire extinguishers or other means
of fire extinction as the Administration may deem sufficient.
(k) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Appliances not required by this Part
Where a fixed fire-extinguishing system not required by this Part of
this Chapter is installed, such a system shall be to the satisfaction of
the Administration.
(l) Special Requirements for Machinery Spaces
(i) For any machinery space of Category A to which access is
provided at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel there shall be
provided in addition to any watertight door and on the side remote from
that machinery space a light steel fire-screen door which shall be
operable from each side.
(ii) An automatic fire detection and alarm system shall be fitted
when the Administration considers such special precautions warranted in
any machinery space in which the installation of automatic and remote
control systems and equipment have been approved in lieu of continuous
manning of the space.
(m) Fireman's Outfits and Personal Equipment
(i) The minimum number of fireman's outfits complying with the
requirements of Regulation 14 of this Chapter, and of additional sets of
personal equipment, each such set comprising the items stipulated in
sub-paragraphs (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) of that Regulation, to be carried
shall be as follow:
(1) two fireman's outfits; and in addition
(2) for every 80 metres (262 feet) or part thereof, of the
aggregate of the lengths of all passenger spaces and service spaces on the
deck which carries such spaces or, if there is more than one such deck, on
the deck which has the largest aggregate of such lengths, two fireman's
outfits and two sets of personal equipment each such set comprising the
items stipulated in Regulation 14 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) of this Chapter.
(ii) For each fireman's outfit which includes a self-contained
breathing apparatus as provided in paragraph (b) of Regulation 14 of this
Chapter, spare charges shall be carried on a scale approved by the
Administration.
(iii) Fireman's outfits and sets of personal equipment shall be
stored in widely separated positions ready for use. At least two fireman's
outfits and one set of personal equipment shall be available at any one
position.
Regulation 33: Arrangements for Oil Fuel Lubricating Oil and otherInflammable Oils
(a) Oil Fuel Arrangements
In a ship in which oil fuel is used, the arrangements for the storage,
distribution and utilization of the oil fuel shall be such as to ensure
the safety of the ship and persons on board and shall at least comply with
the following provisions:
(i) No oil fuel which has a flashpoint of less than 60¡æ(140¡ãF)
(closed cup test) as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus shall
be used as fuel, except in emergency generators, in which case the
flashpoint shall be not less than 43 ¡æ(110¡ãF).
Provided that the Administration may permit the general used
of fuel oil having a flashpoint of not less than 43¡æ (110 ¡ãF) subject to
such additional precautions as it may consider necessary and on condition
that the temperature of the space in which such fuel is stored or used
shall not be allowed to rise within 10 ¡æ (18¡ãF) below the flashpoint of
the fuel.
(ii) As far as practicable, no part of the oil fuel system
containing heated oil under pressure exceeding 1.8 kilogrammes per square
centimetre (25 pounds per square inch) gauge shall be so concealed that
defects and leakage cannot readily be observed. In way of such parts of
the oil fuel system the machinery space shall be adequately illuminated.
(iii) The ventilation of machinery spaces shall be sufficient
under all normal conditions to prevent accumulation of oil vapour.
(iv) (1) As far as practicable, oil fuel tanks shall be part of
the ship's structure and shall be located outside machinery spaces of
Category A. When oil fuel tanks, except double bottom tanks, are
necessarily located adjacent to machinery spaces of Category A, they shall
preferably have a common boundary with the double bottom tanks, and the
area of the tank boundary common with the machinery space shall be kept to
a minimum. In general, the use of free-standing oil fuel tanks shall be
avoided but when such tanks are employed they shall not be situated in
machinery spaces of Category A.
(2) No oil tank shall be situated where spillage or leakage
therefrom can constitute a hazard by falling on heated surfaces.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent any oil that may escape under
pressure from any pump, filter or heater from coming into contact with
heated surfaces.
(v) Every oil fuel pipe which if damaged would allow oil to escape
from a storage, settling or daily service tank situated above the double
bottom shall be fitted with a cock or valve on the tank capable of being
closed from a safe position outside the space concerned in the event of a
fire arising in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special
case of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel or similar space,
valves on the tanks shall be fitted but control in event of fire may be
effected by means of an additional valve on the pipe or pipes outside the
tunnel or similar space.
(vi) Safe and efficient means of ascertaining the amount of oil
fuel contained in any oil tank shall be provided. Sounding pipes with
suitable means of closure may be permitted if their upper ends terminate
in safe positions. Other means of ascertaining the amount of oil fuel
contained in any oil fuel tank may be permitted if they do not require
penetration below the top of the tank, and providing their failure or
overfilling of the tanks will not permit release of fuel thereby.
(vii) Provision shall be made to prevent over-pressure in any oil
tank or in any part of the oil fuel system, including the filling pipes.
Any relief valves and air or overflow pipes shall discharge to a position
which, in the opinion of the Administration, is safe.
(viii) Oil fuel pipes shall be of steel or other approved
material, provided that restricted use of flexible pipes shall be
permissible in positions where the Administration is satisfied that they
are necessary. Such flexible pipes and end attachments shall be of
approved fire-resisting materials of adequate strength and shall be
constructed to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(b) Lubricating Oil Arrangements
The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of oil
used in pressure lubrication systems shall be such as to ensure the safety
of the ships and persons on board, and such arrangements in machinery
spaces of Category A and, whenever practicable, in other machinery spaces
shall at least comply with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (ii), (iv)
(2), (v), (vi) and (vii) of paragraph (a) of this Regulation.
(c) Arrangements for other Inflammable Oils
The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of
other inflammable oils employed under pressure in power transmission
systems, control and activating systems and heating systems shall be such
as to ensure the safety of the ship and persons on board. In locations
where means of ignition are present such arrangements shall at least
comply with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (a) (iv) (2) and (a) (vi),
and with the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) (viii) in respect of strength
and construction, of this Regulation.
Regulation 34: Special Arrangements in Machinery Spaces
(a) The provisions of this Regulation shall apply to machinery spaces
of Category A and, where the Administration considers it desirable, to
other machinery spaces.
(b) (i) The number of skylights, doors, ventilators, openings in
funnels to permit exhaust ventilation and other openings to machinery
spaces shall be reduced to a minimum consistent with the needs of
ventilation and the proper and safe working of the ship.
(ii) The flaps of such skylights where fitted shall be of steel.
Suitable arrangements shall be made to permit the release of smoke in the
event of fire, from the space to be protected.
(iii) Such doors other than power-operated watertight doors shall
be arranged so that positive closure is assured in case of fire in the
space, by power-operated closing arrangements or by the provision of
self-closing doors capable of closing against an inclination of 3 1/2
degrees opposing closure and having a fail-safe hook-back facility,
provided with a remotely operated release device.
(c) Windows shall not be fitted in machinery space casings.
(d) Means of control shall be provided for:
(i) opening and closure of skylights, closure of openings in
funnels which normally allow exhaust ventilation, and closure of
ventilator dampers;
(ii) permitting the release of smoke;
(iii) closure of power-operated doors or release mechanism on
doors other than power-operated watertight doors;
(iv) stopping ventilating fans; and
(v) stopping forced and induced draught fans, oil fuel transfer
pumps, oil fuel unit pumps and other similar fuel pumps.
(e) The controls required for ventilating fans shall comply with the
provisions of paragraph (f) of Regulation 25 of this Chapter. The controls
for any required fixed fire-extinguishing system and those required by
sub-paragraphs (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (v) of this Regulation and of
sub-paragraph (a) (v) of Regulation 33 of this Chapter shall be situated
at one control position, or grouped in as few positions as possible to the
satisfaction of the Administration. Such position or positions shall be
located where they will not be cut off in the event of fire in the space
they serve, and shall have a safe access from the open deck.
PART C FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR PASSENGER SHIPS CARRYING NOT MORETHAN 36 PASSENGERS
Regulation 35: Structure
(a) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and
deckhouses shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material.
(b) Where fire protection in accordance with paragraph (b) of
Regulation 40 of this Chapter is employed, the superstructure may be
constructed of, for example, aluminium alloy, provided that:
(i) for the temperature rise of the metallic cores of "A" Class
divisions when exposed to the standard fire test, due regard is given to
the mechanical properties of the material;
(ii) the Administration is satisfied that the amount of
combustible materials used in the relevant part of the ship is suitably
reduced; the ceilings (i.e., linings of deck heads) are non-combustible;
(iii) adequate provision is made to ensure that in the event of
fire, arrangements for stowage, launching and embarkation into survival
craft remain as effective as if the superstructure were constructed of
steel;
(iv) crowns and casings of boiler and machinery spaces are of
steel construction adequately insulated, and the openings therein, if any,
are suitably arranged and protected to prevent spread of fire.
Regulation 36: Main Vertical Zones.
(a) The hull, superstructure and deckhouses shall be subdivided into
main vertical zones. Steps and recesses shall be kept to a minimum, but
where they are necessary, they shall be of "A" Class divisions.
(b) As far as practicable, the bulkheads forming the boundaries of the
main vertical zones above the bulkhead deck shall be in line with
watertight subdivision bulkheads situated immediately below the bulkhead
deck.
(c) Such bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or
other boundaries.
(d) On ships designed for special purposes, such as automobile or
railroad car ferries, where installation of such bulkheads would defeat
the purpose for which the ship is intended, equivalent means for
controlling and limiting a fire shall be substituted and specifically
approved by the Administration.
Regulation 37: Openings in "A" Class Divisions
(a) Where "A" Class divisions are pierced for the passage of electric
cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., for girders, beams or other
structures, arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance
is not impaired.
(b) Where of necessity, a duct passes through a main vertical zone
bulkhead, a fail-safe automatic closing fire damper shall be fitted
adjacent to the bulkhead. The damper shall also be capable of being
manually closed from both sides of the bulkhead. The operating position
shall be readily accessible and be marked in red light-reflecting colour.
The duct between the bulkhead and the damper shall be of steel or other
equivalent material and, if necessary, to an insulating standard such as
to comply with paragraph (a) of this Regulation. The damper shall be
fitted on at least one side of the bulkhead with a visible indicator
showing if the damper is in the open position.
(c) Except for hatches between cargo, store, and baggage spaces, and
between such spaces and the weather decks, all openings shall be provided
with permanently attached means of closing which shall be at least as
effective for resisting fires as the divisions in which they are fitted.
(d) The construction of all doors and door frames in "A" Class
divisions, with the means of securing them when closed, shall provide
resistance to fire as well as to the passage of smoke and flame as far as
practicable equivalent to that of the bulkheads in which the doors are
situated. Watertight doors need not be insulated.
(e) It shall be possible for each door to be opened from either side
of the bulkhead by one person only.
(f) Fire doors in main vertical zone bulkheads and stairway
enclosures, other than power-operated watertight doors and those which are
normally locked, shall be of the self-closing type capable of closing
against an inclination of 3 1/2 degrees opposing closure. All such doors,
except those that are normally closed, shall be capable of release from a
control station, either simultaneously or in groups, and also individually
from a position at the door. The release machanism shall be so designed
that the door will automatically close in the event of disruption of the
control system; however, approved power-operated watertight doors will be
considered acceptable for this purpose. Hold-back hooks, not subject to
control station release, will not be permitted. When double swing doors
are permitted, they shall have a latch arrangement which is automatically
engaged by the operation of the door release system.
Regulation 38: Fire Integrity of "A" Class Divisions
Where "A" Class divisions are required under this Part, the
Administration, in deciding the amount of insulation to be provided, shall
be guided by the provisions of Part B of this Chapter, but may accept a
reduction of the amount of insulation below that stipulated by that Part.
Regulation 39: Separation of Accommodation Spaces from Machinery,Cargo and Service Spaces
The boundary bulkheads and decks separating accommodation spaces from
machinery, cargo and service spaces shall be constructed of "A" Class
divisions, and these bulkheads and decks shall have an insulation value to
the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to the nature of the
adjacent spaces.
Regulation 40: Protection of Accommodation and Service Spaces
The accommodation and service spaces shall be protected in accordance
with the provisions of either paragraph (a) or (b) of this Regulation.
(a) (i) Within the accommodation spaces, all enclosure bulkheads other
than those required to be of "A" Class divisions, shall be constructed of
"B" Class Divisions of non-combustible materials, which may, however, be
faced with combustible materials in accordance with sup-paragraph (iii) of
this paragraph.
(ii) All corridor bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck.
Ventilation openings may be permitted in the doors in "B" Class bulkheads,
preferably in the lower portion. All other enclosure bulkheads shall
extend from deck to deck vertically, and to the shell or other boundaries
transversely, unless non-combustible ceilings or linings such as will
ensure fire integrity are fitted, in which case the bulkheads may
terminate at the ceilings or linings.
(iii) Except in cargo spaces, mail rooms, baggage rooms, or
refrigerated compartments of service spaces, all linings, groups, ceilings
and insulation's shall be of non-combustible materials. The total volume
of combustible facings, mouldings, decorations and veneers in any
accommodation or public space shall not exceed a volume equivalent to 2.54
millimetres (1/10 inch) veneer on the combined area of the walls and
ceilings. All exposed surfaces in corridors or stairway enclosures and in
concealed or inaccessible spaces shall have low flame-spread
characteristics.*
[* Reference is made to Guidelines on the Evaluation of Fire Hazard
Properties of Materials, adopted by the Organization by Resolution A. 166
(ES. IV).]
(b) (i) All corridor bulkheads in accommodation spaces shall be of
steel or be constructed of "B" Class panels.
(ii) A fire detecting system of an approved type shall be
installed and so arranged as to detect the presence of fire in all
enclosed spaces appropriated to the use or service of passengers or crew
(except spaces which afford no substantial fire hazard) and automatically
to indicate at one or more points or stations where it can be most quickly
observed by officers and crew, the presence or indication of fire and also
its location.
Regulation 41: Deck Coverings*
[* Reference is made to Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test
Procedures for Primary Deck Coverings, adopted by the Organization by
Resolution A.214 (VII).]
Primary deck coverings within accommodation spaces, control stations,
stairways and corridors shall be of approved material which will not
readily ignite.
Regulation 42: Protection of Stairways and Lifts in Accommodationand Service Spaces
(a) All stairways and means of escape in accommodation and service
spaces shall be of steel or other suitable material.
(b) Passenger and service lift trunks, vertical trunks for light and
air to passenger spaces, etc., shall be of "A" Class divisions. Doors
shall be of steel or other equivalent material and when closed shall
provide fire resistance at least as effective as the trunks in which they
are fitted.
Regulation 43: Protection of Control Stations and Store-rooms
(a) Control stations shall be separated from the remainder of the ship
by "A" Class bulkheads and decks.
(b) The boundary bulkheads of baggage rooms, mail rooms, store-rooms,
paint and lamp lockers, galleys and similar spaces shall be of "A" Class
divisions. Spaces containing highly inflammable stores shall be so
situated as to minimize the danger to passengers or crew in the event of
fire.
Regulation 44: Windows and Sidescuttles
(a) All windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads separating accommodation
spaces from weather shall be constructed with frames of steel or other
suitable materials. The glass shall be retained by a metal glazing bead.
(b) All windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads within accommodation
spaces shall be constructed so as to preserve the integrity requirements
of the type of bulkhead in which they are fitted.
Regulation 45: Ventilation Systems
Power ventilation of machinery spaces shall be capable of being
stooped from an easily accessible position outside the machinery spaces.
Regulation 46: Details of Construction
(a) Paints, varnishes and similar preparations having a nitrocellulose
or other highly inflammable base shall not be used in any part of the
ship.
(b) Pipes penetrating "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be of a
material approved by the Administration having regard to the temperature
such divisions are required to withstand. Pipes conveying oil or
combustible liquids shall be of a material approved by the Administration
having regard to the fire risk. Materials readily rendered ineffective by
heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and
other outlets which are close to the water-line and where the failure of
the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.
(c) In spaces containing main propulsion machinery, or oil-fired
boilers, or auxiliary internal combustion type machinery of total power
output of 746 kW or over, the following measures shall be taken:
(i) skylights shall be capable of being closed from outside the
space;
(ii) skylights containing glass panels shall be fitted with
external shutters of steel or other equivalent material permanently
attached;
(iii) any window permitted by the Administration in casings of
such spaces shall be of the non-opening type, and shall be fitted with an
external shutter of steel or other equivalent material permanently
attached; and
(iv) in the windows and skylights referred to in sub-paragraphs
(i), (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph, wire reinforced glass shall be
used.
Regulation 47: Fire Detection Systems and Fire-Extinguishing Equ-ipment
(a) Patrols and Detection
(i) An efficient patrol system shall be maintained in all ships so
that any outbreak of fire may be promptly detected. Manual fire alarms
shall be fitted throughout the passenger and crew accommodation to enable
the fire patrol to give an alarm immediately to the navigating bridge or
fire control station.
(ii) An approved fire alarm or fire detecting system shall be
provided with will automatically indicate at one or more suitable points
or stations the presence or indication of fire and its location in any
part of the ship which, in the opinion of the Administration, is not
accessible to the patrol system, except where it is shown to the
satisfaction of the Administration that the ship is engaged on voyages of
such short duration that it would be unreasonable to apply this
requirement.
(iii) The ship, whether new or existing, shall at all times when
at sea, or in port (except when out of service), be so manned or equipped
as to ensure that any initial fire alarm is immediately received by a
responsible member of the crew.
(b) Fire Pumps and Fire Main System
The ship shall be provided with fire pumps, fire main system, hydrants
and hoses complying with Regulation 5 of this Chapter and with the
following requirements:
(i) A ship of 4,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be
provided with at least three independently driven fire pumps and every
ship of less than 4,000 tons gross tonnage with at least two such fire
pumps.
(ii) In a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, the
arrangement of sea connexions, pumps and sources of power for operating
them shall be such as to ensure that a fire in any one compartment will
not put all the fire pumps out of action.
(iii) In a ship of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage the
arrangements shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
(c) Fire Hydrants, Hoses and Nozzles
(i) The ship shall be provided with such number of fire hoses as
the Administration may deem sufficient. There shall be at least one fire
hose for each of the hydrants required by paragraph (d) of Regulation 5 of
this Chapter and these hoses shall be used only for the purposes of
extinguishing fires or testing the fire-extinguishing apparatus at fire
drills and surveys.
(ii) In accommodation, service and machinery spaces, the number
and position of hydrants shall be such that the requirements of paragraph
(d) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter may be complied with when all
watertight doors and all doors in main vertical zone bulkheads are closed.
(iii) The arrangements shall be such that at least two jets of
water can reach any part of any cargo space when empty.
(iv) All required hydrants in the machinery spaces of ships with
oil-fired boilers or internal combustion type propelling machinery shall
be fitted with hoses having nozzles as required in paragraph (g) of
Regulation 5 of this Chapter.
(d) International Shore Connexion
(i) A ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be
provided with at least one international shore connexion, complying with
paragraph (h) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.
(ii) Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be
used on either side of the ship.
(e) Portable Fire Extinguishers in Accommodation and Service Spaces
The ship shall be provided in accommodation and service spaces with
such approved portable fire extinguishers as the Administration may deem
to be appropriate and sufficient.
(f) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Cargo Spaces
(i) The cargo spaces of ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and
upwards shall be protected by a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system
complying with Regulation 8 of this Chapter.
(ii) Where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration
that a ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be
unreasonable to apply the requirements of sub-paragraph (i) of this
paragraph and also in ships of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage, the
arrangements in cargo spaces shall be to the satisfaction of the
Administration.
(g) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Boiler Rooms, etc.
Where main or auxiliary oil-fire boilers are situated, or in spaces
containing oil fuel units or settling tanks, a ship shall be provided with
the following arrangements:
(i) There shall be any one of the following fixed
fire-extinguishing installations:
(1) a pressure water-spraying system complying with Regulation
11 of this Chapter;
(2) a gas fire-extinguishing installation complying with
Regulation 8 of this Chapter;
(3) a fixed froth installation complying with Regulation 9 of
this Chapter. (The Administration may require fixed or mobile arrangements
by pressure water or froth spraying to fight fire above the floor plates.)
In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely
separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine
room bilges, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as
one compartment.
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