INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLES OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA,
1974
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(c) Lifebuoys made of plastic or other synthetic compounds shall be
capable of retaining their buoyant properties and durability in contact
with sea water or oil products, or under variations of temperature or
climatic changes prevailing in over sea voyages.
(d) Lifebuoys shall be fitted with beckets securely seized. At least
one lifebuoy on each side of the ship shall be fitted with a buoyant
lifeline of at least 27.5 metres (15 fathoms) in length.
(e) In passenger ships not less than one-half of the total number of
lifebuoys, and in no case less than six, and in cargo ships at least
one-half of the total number of lifebuoys, shall be provided with
efficient self-igniting lights.
(f) The self-igniting lights required by paragraph (e) of this
Regulation shall be such that they cannot be extinguished by water. They
shall be capable of burning for not less than 45 minutes and shall have a
luminous intensity of not less than 2 candelas in all directions of the
upper hemisphere. The lights shall be kept near the lifebuoys to which
they belong, with the necessary means of attachment. Self-igniting lights
used in tankers shall be of an approved electric battery type.*
[* The following rangers of visibilities of the light might be
expected in given atmospheric conditions.
|------------------------
| Atmospheric | Meteorological range | Range of visibility |
| transmissivity factor | of visibility (miles) | of the light (miles) |
|-----------|--------|--------|
| 0.3 | 2.4 | 0.96 |
| 0.4 | 3.3 | 1.05 |
| 0.5 | 4.3 | 1.15 |
| 0.6 | 5.8 | 1.24 |
| 0.7 | 8.4 | 1.34 |
| 0.8 | 13.4 | 1.45 |
| 0.9 | 28.9 | 1.57 |
|------------------------]
(g) All Lifebuoys shall be so placed as to be readily accessible to
the persons on board, and at least two of the lifebuoys provided with
self-igniting lights in accordance with paragraph (e) of this Regulation
shall also be provided with an efficient self-activating smoke signal
capable of producing smoke of a highly visible colour for at least 15
minutes, and shall be capable of quick release from the navigating bridge.
(h) Lifebuoys shall always be capable of being rapidly cast loose and
shall not be permanently secured in any way.
Regulation 22: Life-jackets
(a) Ships shall carry for every person on board a life-jacket of an
approved type and, in addition, unless these life-jackets can be adapted
for use by children, a sufficient number of life-jackets suitable for
children. Each life-jacket shall be suitably marked showing that it has
been approved by the Administration.
(b) In addition to the life-jackets required by paragraph (a) of this
Regulation there shall be carried on passenger ships life-jackets for 5
per cent of the total number of persons on board. These life-jackets shall
be stowed in conspicuous place on deck.
(c) An approved life-jacket shall comply with the following
requirements;
(i) it shall be constructed with proper workmanship and materials;
(ii) it shall be so constructed as to eliminate so far as possible
all risk of its being put on incorrectly, except that it shall be capable
of being worn inside out;
(iii) it shall be capable of lifting the face of an exhausted or
unconscious person out of the water and holding it above the water with
the body inclined backwards from its vertical position;
(iv) it shall be capable of turning the body in the water from any
position to a safe floating position with the body inclined backwards from
its vertical position;
(v) it shall not be adversely affected by oil or oil products;
(vi) it shall be of a highly visible colour;
(vii) it shall be fitted with an approved whistle, firmly secured
by a cord;
(viii) the buoyancy of the life-jacket required to provide the
foregoing performance shall not be reduced by more than 5 per cent after
24 hours submergence in fresh water.
(d) A life-jacket, the buoyancy of which depends on inflation, may be
permitted for use by the crews of all ships except passenger ships and
tankers provided that:
(i) it has two separate inflatable compartments;
(ii) it is capable of being inflated both mechanically and by
mouth; and
(iii) it complies with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this
Regulation with either compartment inflated separately.
(e) Life-jackets shall be so places as to be readily accessible and
their position shall be plainly indicated.
Regulation 23: Line-throwing Appliances
(a) Ships shall carry a line-throwing appliance of an approved type.
(b) The appliance shall be capable of carrying a line not less than
230 metres (250 yards) with reasonable accuracy, and shall include not
less than four projectiles and four lines.
Regulation 24: Ships' Distress Signals
Ships shall be provided, to the satisfaction of the Administration,
with means of making effective distress signals by day and by night,
including at least twelve parachute signals capable of giving a bright red
light at a high altitude.
Regulation 25: Muster List and Emergency Procedure
(a) Special duties to be undertaken in the event of an emergency shall
be allotted to each member of the crew.
(b) The muster list shall show all the special duties and shall
indicate, in particular, the station to which each member must go, and the
duties that he has to perform.
(c) The muster list for each passenger ship shall be in a form
approved by the Administration.
(d) Before the vessel sails, the muster list shall be completed.
Copies shall be posted in several parts of the ship, and in particular in
the crew's quarters.
(e) The muster list shall show the duties assigned to the different
members of the crew in connexion with:
(i) the closing of the watertight doors, valves and closing
mechanisms of scuppers, ashshoots and fire doors;
(ii) the equipping of the lifeboats (including the portable radio
apparatus for survival craft) and the other life-saving appliances;
(iii) the launching of the lifeboat;
(iv) the general preparation of the other life-saving appliances;
(v) the muster of the passengers; and
(vi) the extinction of fire, having regard to the ship's fire
control plans.
(f) The muster list shall show the several duties assigned to the
members of the stewards' department in relation to the passengers in case
of emergency. These duties shall include;
(i) warning the passengers;
(ii) seeing that they are suitable clad and have put on their
life-jackets in a proper manner;
(iii) assembling the passengers at muster stations;
(iv) keeping order in the passages and on the stairways, and,
generally, controlling the movements of the passengers; and
(v) ensuring that a supply of blankets is taken to the lifeboats.
(g) The duties shown by the muster list in relation to the extinction
of fire pursuant to sub-paragraph (e) (vi) of this Regulation shall
include particulars of;
(i) the manning of the fire parties assigned to deal with fires;
(ii) the special duties assigned in respect of the operation of
fire-fighting equipment and installations.
(h) The muster list shall specify definite signals for calling all the
crew to their boat, liferaft and fire stations, and shall five full
particulars of these signals. These signals shall be made on the whistle
or siren and, except on passenger ships on short international voyages and
on cargo ships of less than 45.7 metres (150 feet) in length, they shall
be supplemented by other signals which shall be electrically operated. All
these signals shall be operable from the bridge.
Regulation 26: Practice Musters and Drills
(a) (i) In passenger ships, musters of the crew for boat drill and
fire drill shall take place weekly when practicable and there shall be
such a muster when a passenger ship leaves the final port of departure on
an international voyage which is not a short international voyage.
(ii) In cargo ships, a muster of the crew for boat drill and fire
drill shall take place at intervals of not more than one month, provided
that a muster of the crew for boat drill and fire drill shall take place
within 24 hours of leaving a port if more than 25 per cent of the crew
have been replaced at that port.
(iii) On the occasion of the monthly muster in cargo ships the
boat's equipment shall be examined to ensure that it is complete.
(iv) The date upon which musters are held, and details of any
training and drills in fire fighting which are carried out on board shall
be recorded in such log book as may be prescribed by the Administration.
If in any week (for passenger ships) or month (for cargo ships) no muster
or a part muster only is held, an entry shall be made stating the
circumstances and extent of the muster held. A report of the examination
of the boat's equipment on cargo ships shall be entered in the log book,
which shall also record the occasions on which the lifeboats are swung out
and lowered in compliance with paragraph (c) of this Regulation.
(b) In passenger ships, except those engaged on short international
voyages, a muster of the passengers shall be held within 24 hours after
leaving port.
(c) Different groups of lifeboats shall be used in turn at successive
boat drills and every lifeboat shall be swung out and, if practicable and
reasonable, lowered at least once every four months. The musters and
inspections shall be so arranged that the crew thoroughly understand and
are practised in the duties they have to perform, including instructions
in the handling and operation of liferafts where these are carried.
(d) The emergency signal for summoning passengers to muster stations
shall be a succession of seven or more short blasts followed by one long
blast on the whistle or siren. This shall be supplemented in passenger
ships, except those engaged on short international voyages, by other
signals, which shall be electrically operated, throughout the ship
operable from the bridge. The meaning of all signals affecting passengers,
with precise instructions on what they are to do in an emergency, shall be
clearly stated in appropriate languages on cards posted in their cabins
and in conspicuous places in other passenger quarters.
PART B PASSENGER SHIPS ONLY
Regulation 27: Lifeboats, Liferafts and Buoyant Apparatus
(a) Passenger ships shall carry two boats attached to davits-one on
each side of the ship-for use in an emergency. These boats shall be of an
approved type and shall be not more than 8.5 metres (28 feet) in length.
They may be counted for the purposes of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this
Regulation, provided that they comply fully with the requirements for
lifeboats of this Chapter, and for the purposes of Regulation 8 provided
that in addition they comply fully with the requirements of Regulation 9
and where appropriate Regulation 14 of this Chapter. They shall be kept
ready for immediate use while the ship is at sea. In ships in which the
requirements of paragraph (h) of Regulation 29 are met by means of
appliances fitted to the sides of the lifeboats, such appliances shall not
be required to be fitted to the two boats provided to meet the
requirements of this Regulation.
(b) Passenger ships engaged on international voyages which are not
short international voyages shall carry:
(i) Lifeboats on each side of such aggregate capacity as will
accommodate half the total number of persons on board. Provided that the
Administration may permit the substitution of lifeboats by liferafts of
the same total capacity so however that there shall never be less than
sufficient lifeboats on each side of the ship to accommodate 37 1/2 per
cent of all on board.
(ii) Liferafts on sufficient aggregate capacity to accommodate 25
per cent of the total number of persons on board, together with buoyant
apparatus for 3 per cent of that number. Provided that ships which have a
factor of subdivision of 0.33 or less shall be permitted to carry, in lieu
of liferafts for 25 per cent of all on board and buoyant apparatus for 3
per cent of all on board, buoyant apparatus for 25 per cent of that
number.
(c) (i) A passenger ship engaged on short international voyages shall
be provided with sets of davits in accordance with its length as specified
in Column A of the Table in Regulation 28 of this Chapter. Each set of
davits shall have a lifeboat attached to it and these lifeboats shall
provide at least the minimum capacity required by Column C of the Table or
the capacity required to provide accommodation for all on board if this is
less.
Provided that when in the opinion of the Administration it is
impracticable or unreasonable to place on a ship engaged on short
international voyages the number of sets of davits required by Column A of
the Table in Regulation 28, the Administration may authorize, under
exceptional conditions, a smaller number of davits, except that this
number shall never be less than the minimum number fixed by Column B of
the Table, and that the total capacity of the lifeboats on the ship will
be at least equal to the minimum capacity required by Column C or the
capacity required to provide for all persons on board if this is less.
(ii) If the lifeboats so provided are not sufficient to
accommodate all on board, additional lifeboats under davits or liferafts
shall be provided so that the accommodation provided in the lifeboats and
the liferafts in the ship shall be sufficient for all on board.
(iii) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-paragraph (ii) of this
paragraph in any ship engaged on short international voyages the number of
persons carried shall not exceed the total capacity of the lifeboats
provided in accordance with subparagraphs (i) and (ii) of this paragraph
unless the Administration considers that this is necessitated by the
volume of traffic and then only if the ship complies with the provisions
of paragraph (d) of Regulation 1 of Chapter II-1.
(iv) Where under the provisions of sub-paragraph (iii) of this
paragraph the Administration has permitted the carriage of persons in
excess of the lifeboat capacity and is satisfied that it is impracticable
in that ship to stow the liferafts carried in accordance with
sub-paragraph (ii) of this paragraph it may permit a reduction in the
number of lifeboats.
Provided that:
(1) the number of lifeboats shall, in the case of ships of 58
metres (190 feet) in length and over, never be less than four, two of
which shall be carried on each side of the ship, and in the case of ships
of less than 58 metres (190 feet) in length, shall never be less than two,
one of which shall be carried on each side of the ship; and
(2) the number of lifeboats and liferafts shall always be
sufficient to accommodate the total number of persons on board.
(v) Every passenger ship engaged on short international voyages
shall carry in addition to the lifeboats and liferafts required by the
provisions of this paragraph, liferafts sufficient to accommodate 10 per
cent of the total number of persons for whom there is accommodation in the
lifeboats carried in that ship.
(vi) Every passenger ship engaged on short international voyages
shall also carry buoyant apparatus for at least 5 per cent of the total
number of persons on board.
(vii) The Administration may permit individual ships or classes of
ships with short international voyage certificates to proceed on voyages
in excess of 600 miles but not exceeding 1,200 miles if such ships comply
with the provisions of paragraph (d) of Regulation 1 of Chapter II-1, if
they carry lifeboats which provide for 75 per cent of the persons on board
and otherwise comply with the provisions of this paragraph.
Regulation 28: Table relating to Davits and Lifeboat Capacity forShips on Short International Voyages
The following table fixes according to the length of the ship:
(a) the minimum number of sets of davits to be provided on a ship
engaged on short international voyages to each of which must be attached a
lifeboat in accordance with Regulation 27 of this Chapter;
(b) the smaller number of sets of davits which may be authorized
exceptionally on a ship engaged on short international voyages under
Regulation 27 of this Chapter; and
(c) the minimum lifeboat capacity required for a ship engaged on short
international voyages.
|---------------------------
| |
| (A) | (B) | (C)
| | Smaller | Minimum
| Registered length of ship | Minimum | number of | capacity of
| number | sets of | lifeboats
| of | davits |
| sets of | authorized |-------
|-------------| davits | exceptionally| Cubic | Cubic
| Metres | Feet | | metres | feet
|------|-------|------|-----|----|---
| 31 and under 37 | 100 and under 120 | 2 | 2 | 11 | 400
| 37 " 43 | 120 " 140 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 650
| 43 " 49 | 140 " 160 | 2 | 2 | 26 | 900
| 49 " 53 | 160 " 175 | 3 | 3 | 33 | 1,150
| 53 " 58 | 175 " 190 | 3 | 3 | 38 | 1,350
| 58 " 63 | 190 " 205 | 4 | 4 | 44 | 1,550
| 63 " 67 | 205 " 220 | 4 | 4 | 50 | 1,750
| 67 " 70 | 220 " 230 | 5 | 4 | 52 | 1,850
| 70 " 75 | 230 " 245 | 5 | 4 | 61 | 2,150
| 75 " 78 | 245 " 255 | 6 | 5 | 68 | 2,400
| 78 " 82 | 255 " 270 | 6 | 5 | 76 | 2,700
| 82 " 87 | 270 " 285 | 7 | 5 | 85 | 3,000
| 87 " 91 | 285 " 300 | 7 | 5 | 94 | 3,300
| 91 " 96 | 300 " 315 | 8 | 6 | 102 | 3,600
| 96 " 101 | 315 " 330 | 8 | 6 | 110 | 3,900
| 101 " 107 | 330 " 350 | 9 | 7 | 122 | 4,300
| 107 " 113 | 350 " 370 | 9 | 7 | 135 | 4,750
| 113 " 119 | 370 " 390 | 10 | 7 | 146 | 5,150
| 119 " 125 | 390 " 410 | 10 | 7 | 157 | 5,550
| 125 " 133 | 410 " 435 | 12 | 9 | 171 | 6,050
| 133 " 140 | 435 " 460 | 12 | 9 | 185 | 6,550
| 140 " 149 | 460 " 490 | 14 | 10 | 202 | 7,150
| 149 " 159 | 490 " 520 | 14 | 10 | 221 | 7,800
| 159 " 168 | 520 " 550 | 16 | 12 | 238 | 8,400
|---------------------------
Note on (C): Where the length of the ship is under 31 metres (100
feet) or over 168 metres (550 feet) the minimum number of sets of davits
and the cubic capacity of the lifeboats shall be prescribed by the
Administration.
Regulation 29: Stowage and Handling of Lifeboats, Liferafts andBuoyant Apparatus
(a) Lifeboats and liferafts shall be stowed to the satisfaction of the
Administration in such a way that:
(i) they can all be launched in the shortest possible time and in
not more than 30 minutes;
(ii) they will not impede in any way the prompt handling of any of
the other lifeboats, liferafts or buoyant apparatus or the marshalling of
the persons on board at the launching stations, or their embarkation;
(iii) the lifeboats, and the liferafts for which approved
launching devices are required to be carried, shall be capable of being
put into the water loaded with their full complement of persons and
equipment even in unfavourable conditions of trim and of 15 degrees of
list either way; and
(iv) the liferafts for which approved launching devices are not
required to be carried, and the buoyant apparatus, shall be capable of
being put into the water even in unfavourable conditions of trim and of 15
degrees of list either way.
(b) Every lifeboat shall be attached to a separate set of davits.
(c) Lifeboats may only be stowed on more than one deck if proper
measures are taken to prevent lifeboats on a lower deck being fouled by
those stowed on a deck above.
(d) Lifeboats, and liferafts for which approved launching devices are
required to be carried, shall not be placed in the bow of the ship. They
shall be stowed in such positions as to ensure safe launching having
particular regard to clearance from the propeller and steeply overhanging
portions of the hull aft.
(e) Davits shall be of approved design and shall be suitably placed to
the satisfaction of the Administration. They shall be so disposed on one
or more decks that the lifeboats placed under them can be safely lowered
without interference from the operation of any other davits.
(f) Davits shall be as follows:
(i) luffing or gravity type for operating lifeboats weighing not
more than 2,300 kilogrammes (2 1/4 tons) in their turning out condition;
(ii) gravity type for operating lifeboats weighing more than 2,300
kilogrammes (2 1/4 tons) in their turning out condition.
(g) Davits, falls, blocks and all other gear shall be of such strength
that the lifeboats can be turned out manned by a launching crew and then
safely lowered with the full complement of persons and equipment, with the
ship listed to 15 degrees either way and with a 10 degrees trim.
(h) Skates or other suitable means shall be provided to facilitate
launching the lifeboats against a list of 15 degrees.
(i) Means shall be provided for bringing the lifeboats against the
ship's side and there holding them so that persons may be safely embarked.
(j) Lifeboats, together with the emergency boats required by
Regulation 27 of this Chapter, shall be served by wire rope falls,
together with winches of an approved type which, in the case of the
emergency boats, shall be capable of quick recovery of those boats.
Exceptionally, the Administration may allow manila rope falls or falls of
another approved material with or without winches (except that the
emergency boats shall be required to be served by winches which are
capable of quick recovery of those boats) where they are satisfied that
manila rope falls or falls of another approved material are adequate.
(k) At least two lifelines shall be fitted to the davit span, and the
falls and lifelines shall be long enough to reach the water with the ship
at its lightest sea-going draught and listed to 15 degrees either way.
Lower fall blocks shall be fitted with a suitable ring or long link for
attaching to the sling hooks unless an approved type of disengaging gear
is fitted.
(l) Where mechanically-powered appliances are fitted for the recovery
of the lifeboats, efficient hand gear shall also be provided. Where
davits are recovered by action of the falls by power, safety devices shall
be fitted which will automatically cut off the power before the davits
come against the stops in order to avoid overstressing the wire rope falls
or davits.
(m) Lifeboats attached to davits shall have the falls ready for
service and arrangements shall be made for speedily, but not necessarily
simultaneously, detaching the lifeboats from the falls. The point of
attachment of the lifeboats to the falls shall be at such height above the
gunwale as to ensure stability when lowering the lifeboats.
(n) (i) In passenger ships engaged on international voyages which are
not short international voyages in which there are carried lifeboats and
liferafts in accordance with sub-paragraph (b) (i) of Regulation 27 of
this Chapter, there shall be provided approved launching devices
sufficient in number in the opinion of the Administration to enable that
number of liferafts which, together with the lifeboats, is required in
accordance with that sub-paragraph to provide accommodation for all on
board, to be put into the water loaded with the number of persons they are
permitted to accommodate, in not more than 30 minutes in calm conditions.
Approved launching devices so provided shall, so far as practicable, be
distributed equally on each side of the ship and there shall never be less
than one such device on each side. No such devices need, however, be
provided for the additional liferafts required to be carried by
sub-paragraph (b) (ii) of Regulation 27 of this Chapter for 25 per cent
of all on board, but every liferaft carried in accordance with that
sub-paragraph shall, where an approved launching device is provided in the
ship, be of a type which is capable of being launched from such a device.
(ii) In passenger ships engaged on short international voyages,
the number of approved launching devices to be provided shall be at the
discretion of the Administration. The number of liferafts allocated to
each such device carried shall not be more than the number which, in the
opinion of the Administration, can be put into the water fully loaded with
the number of persons they are permitted to carry by that device in not
more than 30 minutes in calm conditions.
Regulation 30: Lighting for Decks, Lifeboats, Liferafts, etc.
(a) Provision shall be made for an electric or equivalent system of
lighting sufficient for all the requirements of safety in the different
parts of a passenger ship, and particularly for decks on which the
lifeboats and liferafts are stowed. The self-contained emergency source of
electric power required by Regulation 25 of Chapter II-1 shall be capable
of supplying where necessary this lighting system and also the lighting
required by sub-paragraphs (a) (ii), (b) (ii) and (b) (iii) of Regulation
19 of this Chapter.
(b) The exit from every main compartment occupied by passengers or
crew shall be continuously lighted by an emergency lamp. The power for
these emergency lamps shall be so arranged that they will be supplied from
the emergency source of power referred to in paragraph (a) of this
Regulation in the event of failure of the main generating plant.
Regulation 31: Manning of Lifeboats and Liferafts
(a) A deck officer or certified lifeboatman shall be placed in charge
of each lifeboat and a second-in-command shall also be nominated. The
person in charge shall have a list of the lifeboat's crew, and shall see
that the men placed under his orders are acquainted with their several
duties.
(b) A man capable of working the motor shall be assigned to each motor
lifeboat.
(c) A man capable of working the radio and searchlight installations
shall be assigned to each lifeboat carrying this equipment.
(d) A man practised in the handling and operation of liferafts shall
be assigned to each liferaft carried, except where in ships engaged on
short international voyages the Administration is satisfied that this is
not practicable.
Regulation 32: Certificated Lifeboatmen
(a) In passenger ships there shall be, for every lifeboat carried in
order to comply with this Chapter, a number of Lifeboatmen at least equal
to that specified in the following table:
|--------------|
| Prescribed complement The minimum number |
| of lifeboat of certificated |
| lifeboatmen shall be |
|--------------|
| Less than 41 persons 2 |
| From 41 to 61 persons 3 |
| From 62 to 85 persons 4 |
| Above 85 persons 5 |
|--------------|
(b) The allocation of the certificated Lifeboatmen to each lifeboat
remains within the discretion of the master.
(c) Certificates of efficiency shall be issued under the authority of
the Administration. In order to obtain such a certificate an applicant
shall prove that he has been trained in all the operations connected with
launching lifeboats and other life-saving appliances and in the use of
oars and propelling gear; that he is acquainted with the practical
handling of lifeboats and of other life-saving equipment, and further,
that he is capable of understanding and answering the orders relative to
all kinds of life-saving appliances.
Regulation 33: Buoyant Apparatus
(a) No type of buoyant apparatus shall be approved unless it satisfies
the following conditions:
(i) It shall be of such size and strength that it can be thrown
from the place where it is stowed into the water without being damaged.
(ii) It shall not exceed 180 kilogrammes (400 1bs.) in weight
unless suitable means to the satisfaction of the Administration are
provided to enable it to be launched without lifting by hand.
(iii) It shall be of approved material and construction.
(iv) It shall be effective and stable when floating either way up.
(v) The air cases or equivalent buoyancy shall be placed as near
as possible to the sides of the apparatus, and such buoyancy shall not be
dependent upon inflation.
(vi) It shall be fitted with a painter and have a line securely
becketed round the outside.
(b) The number of persons for which buoyant apparatus is certified
shall be the number:
(i) ascertained by dividing the number of kilogrammes of iron
which it is capable of supporting in fresh water by 14.5 (or the number of
pounds divided by 32), or
(ii) equal to the number of millimetres in the perimeter divided
by 305 (or the number of feet in the perimeter), whichever is the less.
Regulation 34: Number of Lifebuoys to be Provided
The minimum number of lifebuoys with which passenger ships are
provided shall be fixed by the following table:
|-----------------|
| Length of ship Minimum number |
| in metres in feet of buoys |
|-----------------|
| Under 61 Under 200 8 |
| 61 and under 122 200 and under 400 12 |
| 122 and under 183 400 and under 600 18 |
| 183 and under 244 600 and under 800 24 |
| 244 and over 800 and over 30 |
|-----------------|
PART C CARGO SHIPS ONLY
Regulation 35: Number and Capacity of Lifeboats and Liferafts
(a) (i) Every cargo ships, except ships employed as whale factory
ships, fish processing or canning factory ships, and ships engaged in the
carriage of persons employed in the whaling, fish processing or canning
industries, shall carry lifeboats on each side of the ship of such
aggregate capacity as will accommodate all persons on board, and in
addition shall carry liferafts sufficient to accommodate half that number.
Provided that in the case of such cargo ships engaged on
international voyages between near neighbouring countries, the
Administration, if it is satisfied that the conditions of the voyage are
such as to render the compulsory carriage of liferafts unreasonable or
unnecessary, may to that extent exempt individual ships or classes of
ships from this requirement.
(ii) (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-paragraph (ii) (2) of
this paragraph, every tanker of 3,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall
carry not less than four lifeboats, two of which shall be carried aft and
two amidships, except that in tankers which have no amidships
superstructure all lifeboats shall be carried aft.
(2) A tanker of 3,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards which has
no amidships superstructure may be permitted by the Administration to
carry two lifeboats only, provided that:
(aa) one lifeboat is carried aft on each side of the ship;
(bb) each such lifeboat shall not exceed 8.5 metres (28
feet) in length;
(cc) each such lifeboat shall be stowed as far forward as
practicable, but at least so far forward that the after end of the
lifeboat is one-and-ahalf times the length of the lifeboat forward of the
propeller; and
(dd) each such lifeboat shall be stowed as near sea level
as is safe and practicable.
(b) (i) Every ship employed as a whale factory ship, every ship
employed as a fish processing or canning factory ship and every ship
engaged in the carriage of persons employed in the whaling, fish
processing or canning industries shall carry:
(1) Lifeboats on each side of such aggregate capacity as will
accommodate half the total number of persons on board; provided that the
Administration may permit the substitution of lifeboats by liferafts of
the same total capacity so however that there shall never be less than
sufficient lifeboats on each side of the ship to accommodate 37 1/2 per
cent of all on board.
(2) Liferafts of sufficient aggregate capacity to accommodate
half the total number of persons on board; provided that, if in ships
employed as fish processing or canning factory ships, it is impracticable
to carry lifeboats which comply fully with the requirements of this
Chapter, the Administration may permit instead the carriage of other
boats, which shall however provide not less than the accommodation
required by this Regulation and shall have at least the buoyancy and
equipment required by this Chapter for lifeboats.
(ii) Every ship employed as a whale factory ship, every ship
employed as a fish processing or canning factory ship and every ship
engaged in the carriage of persons employed in the whaling, fish
processing or canning industries shall carry two boats-one on each
side-for use in an emergency. These boats shall be of an approved type and
shall be not more than 8.5 metres (28 feet) in length. They may be counted
for the purposes of this paragraph provided that they comply fully with
the requirements for lifeboats of this Chapter and for the purposes of
Regulation 8 provided that in addition they comply with the requirements
of Regulation 9, and, where appropriate, Regulation 14 of this Chapter.
They shall be kept ready for immediate use while the ship is at sea. In
ships in which the requirements of paragraph (g) of Regulation 36 of this
Chapter are met by means of appliances fitted to the sides of the
lifeboats, such appliances shall not be required to be fitted to the two
boats provided to meet the requirements of this Regulation.
(c) Every cargo ship with no amidships superstructure having a
registered length of 150 metres (492 feet) and upwards shall carry, in
addition to the liferafts required under subparagraph (a) (i) of this
Regulation, a liferaft capable of accommodating at least six persons which
shall be stowed as far forward as is reasonable and practicable.
Regulation 36: Davits and Launching Arrangements
(a) In cargo ships lifeboats and liferafts shall be stowed to the
satisfaction of the Administration.
(b) Every lifeboat shall be attached to a separate set of davits.
(c) Lifeboats and liferafts for which approved launching devices are
required to be carried shall preferably be positioned as close to
accommodation and service spaces as possible. They shall be stowed in such
positions as to ensure safe launching, having particular regard to
clearance from the propeller and steeply overhanging portions of the hull,
with the object of ensuring so far as practicable that they can be
launched down the straight side of the ship. If positioned forward they
shall be stowed abaft the collision bulkhead in a sheltered position and
in this respect the Administration shall give special consideration to the
strength of the davits.
(d) Davits shall be of approved design and shall be suitably placed to
the satisfaction of the Administration.
(e) In tankers of 1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards, ship employed
as whale factory ships, ships employed as fish processing or canning
factory ships and ships engaged in the carriage of persons employed in the
whaling, fish processing or canning industries, all davits shall be of the
gravity type. In other ships, davits shall be as follows:
(i) luffing or gravity type for operating lifeboats weighing not
more than 2,300 kilogrammes (2 1/4 tons) in their turning out condition;
(ii) gravity type for operating lifeboats weighing more than 2,300
kilogrammes (2 1/4 tons) in their turning out condition.
(f) Davits, falls, blocks and all other gear shall be of such strength
that the lifeboats can be turned out manned by a launching crew and then
safely lowered with full complement of persons and equipment, with the
ship listed to 15 degrees either way, and with a 10 degrees trim.
(g) Skates or other suitable means shall be provided to facilitate
launching the lifeboats against a list of 15 degrees.
(h) Means shall be provided for bringing the lifeboats against the
ship's side and there holding them so that persons may be safely embarked.
(i) Lifeboats, together with the emergency boats required by
sub-paragraph (b) (ii) of Regulation 35 of this Chapter, shall be served
by wire rope falls, together with winches of an approved type which, in
the case of the emergency boats, shall be capable of quick recovery of
those boats. Exceptionally, the Administration may allow manila rope falls
or falls of another approved material with or without winches (except that
the emergency boats shall be required to be served by winches which are
capable of quick recovery of those boats) where they are satisfied that
manila rope falls or falls of another approved material are adequate.
(j) At least two lifelines shall be fitted to the davit spans, and the
falls and lifelines shall be long enough to reach the water with the ship
at its lightest sea-going draught and listed to 15 degrees either way.
Lower fall blocks shall be fitted with a suitable ring or long link for
attaching to the sling hooks unless an approved type of disengaging gear
is fitted.
(k) Where mechanically powered appliances are fitted for the recovery
of the lifeboats, efficient hand gear shall also be provided. Where
davits are recovered by action of the falls by power, safety devices shall
be fitted which will automatically cut off the power before the davits
come against the stops in order to avoid overstressing the wire rope falls
or davits.
(l) Lifeboats shall have the falls ready for service, and arrangements
shall be made for speedily, but not necessarily simultaneously, detaching
the lifeboats from the falls. The point of attachment of the lifeboats to
the falls shall be at such height above the gunwale as to ensure stability
when lowering the lifeboats.
(m) In ships employed as whale factory ships, ships employed as fish
processing or canning factory ships and ships engaged in the carriage of
persons employed in the whaling, fish processing or canning industries, in
which there are carried lifeboats and liferafts in accordance with
sub-paragraph (b) (i) (2) of Regulation 35 no approved launching devices
need be provided for the liferafts, but there shall be provided such
devices sufficient in number, in the opinion of the Administration, to
enable the liferafts carried in accordance with subparagraph (b) (i) (1)
of that Regulation to be put into the water loaded with the number of
persons they are permitted to accommodate, in not more than 30 minutes in
calm conditions. Approved launching devices so provided shall, so far as
practicable, be distributed equally on each side of the ship. Every
liferaft carried on ships in which an approved launching device is
required to be provided shall be of a type which is capable of being
launched by such a device.
Regulation 37: Number of Lifebuoys to be Provided
At least eight lifebuoys of a type which satisfies the requirements of
Regulation 21 of this Chapter shall be carried.
Regulation 38: Emergency Lighting
The lighting required by sub-paragraphs (a) (ii), (b) (ii) and (b)
(iii) of Regulation 19 of this Chapter shall be capable of being supplied
for at least three hours by the emergency source of power required by
Regulation 26 of Chapter II-1. In cargo ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage
and upwards the Administration shall ensure that the lighting of the
alleyways, stairways and exits is such that the access of all persons on
board to the launching stations and stowage positions of lifeboats and
liferafts is not impeded.
CHAPTER IV RADIOTELEGRAPHY AND RADIOTELEPHONY
PART A APPLICATION AND DEFINITIONS
Regulation 1: Application
(a) Unless expressly provided otherwise, this Chapter applies to all
ships to which the present Regulations apply.
(b) This Chapter does not apply to ships to which present Regulations
would otherwise apply while such ships are being navigated within the
Great Lakes of North America and their connecting and tributary waters as
far east as the lower exit of the St. Lambert Lock at Montreal in the
Province of Quebec, Canada.
(c) No provision in this Chapter shall prevent the use by a ship or
survival craft in distress of any means at its disposal to attract
attention, make known its position and obtain help.
Regulation 2: Terms and Definitions
For the purpose of this Chapter the following terms shall have the
meanings defined below. All other terms which are used in this Chapter and
which are also defined in the Radio Regulations shall have the same
meanings as defined in those Regulations:
(a) "Radio Regulations" means the Radio Regulation annexed to, or
regarded as being annexed to, the most recent International
Telecommunication Convention which may be in force at any time.
(b) "Radiotelegraph auto alarm" means an automatic alarm receiving
apparatus which responds to the radiotelegraph alarm signal and has been
approved.
(c) "Radiotelephone auto alarm" means an automatic alarm receiving
apparatus which responds to the radiotelephone alarm signal and has been
approved.
(d) "Radiotelephone station", "Radiotelephone installation" and
"Watches-radiotelephone" shall be considered as relating to the medium
frequency band, unless expressly provided otherwise.
(e) "Radio Officer" means a person holding at least a first or second
class radiotelegraph operator's certificate, or a radiocommunication
operator's general certificate for the maritime mobile service, complying
with the provisions of the Radio Regulations, who is employed in the
radiotelegraph station of a ship which is provided with such a station in
compliance with the provisions of Regulation 3 or Regulation 4 of this
Chapter.
(f) "Radiotelephone operator" means a person holding an appropriate
certificate complying with the provisions of the Radio Regulations.
(g) "Existing installation" means:
(i) an installation wholly installed on board a ship before the
date on which the present Convention enters into force irrespective of the
date on which acceptance by the respective Administration takes effect;
and
(ii) an installation part of which was installed on board a ship
before the date of entry into force of the present Convention and the rest
of which consists either of parts installed in replacement of identical
parts, or parts which comply with the requirements of this Chapter.
(h) "New installation" means any installation which is not an existing
installation.
Regulation 3 Radiotelegraph Station
Passenger ships irrespective of size and cargo ships of 1,600 tons
gross tonnage and up-wards, unless exempted under Regulation 5 of this
Chapter, shall be fitted with a radiotelegraph station complying with the
provisions of Regulations 9 and 10 of this Chapter.
Regulation 4: Radiotelephone Station
Cargo ships of 300 tons gross tonnage and upwards but less than 1,600
tons gross tonnage, unless fitted with a radiotelegraph station complying
with the provisions of Regulations 9 and 10 of this Chapter shall,
provided they are not exempted under Regulation 5 of this Chapter, be
fitted with a radiotelephone station complying with the provisions of
Regulation 15 and 16 of this Chapter.
Regulation 5: Exemptions from Regulations 3 and 4
(a) The Contracting Governments consider it highly desirable not to
deviate from the application of Regulations 3 and 4 of this Chapter;
nevertheless the Administration may grant to individual passenger or cargo
ships exemptions of a partial and/or conditional nature, or complete
exemption from the requirements of Regulation 3 or Regulation 4 of this
Chapter.
(b) The exemptions permitted under paragraph (a) of this Regulation
shall be granted only to a ship engaged on a voyage where the maximum
distance of the ship from the shore, the length of the voyage, the
absence of general navigational hazards, and other conditions affecting
safety are such as to render the full application of Regulation 3 or
Regulation 4 of this Chapter unreasonable or unnecessary. When deciding
whether or not to grant exemptions to individual ships. Administration
shall have regard to the effect that exemptions may have upon the general
efficiency of the distress service for the safety of all ships.
Administration should bear in mind the desirability of requiring ships
which are exempted from the requirement of Regulation 3 of this Chapter to
be fitted with a radiotelephone station which complies with the provisions
of Regulations 15 and 16 of this Chapter as a condition of exemption.
(c) Each Administration shall submit to the Organization as soon as
possible after the first of January in each year a report showing all
exemptions granted under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Regulation during
the previous calendar year and giving the reasons for granting such
exemptions.
PART B WATCHES
Regulation 6: Watches-Radiotelegraph
(a) Each ship which in accordance with Regulation 3 or Regulation 4 of
this Chapter is fitted with a radiotelegraph station shall, while at sea,
carry at least one radio officer and, if not fitted with a radiotelegraph
auto alarm shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph (d) of this
Regulation, listen continuously on the radiotelegraph distress frequency
by means of a radio officer using headphones or a loudspeaker.
(b) Each passenger ship which in accordance with Regulation 3 of this
Chapter is fitted with a radiotelegraph station, if fitted with a
radiotelegraph auto alarm, shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph
(d) of this Regulation, and while at sea, listen on the radiotelegraph
distress frequency by means of a radio officer using headphones or a
loudspeaker, as follows:
(i) if carrying or certificated to carry 250 passengers or less,
at least 8 hours' listening a day in the aggregate;
(ii) if carrying or certificated to carry more than 250 passengers
and engaged on a voyage exceeding 16 hours' duration between two
consecutive ports, at least 16 hours' listening a day in the aggregate. In
this case the ship shall carry at least two radio officers;
(iii) if carrying or certificated to carry more than 250
passengers and engaged on a voyage of less than 16 hours' duration between
two consecutive ports, at least 8 hours' listening a day in the aggregate.
(c) (i) Each cargo ship which in accordance with Regulation 3 of this
Chapter is fitted with a radiotelegraph station, if fitted with a
radiotelegraph auto alarm, shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph
(d) of this Regulation, and while at sea, listen on the radiotelegraph
distress frequency by means of a radio officer using headphones or a
loudspeaker, for at least 8 hours a day in the aggregate.
(ii) Each cargo ship of 300 tons gross tonnage and upwards but
less than 1,600 tons gross tonnage which is fitted with a radiotelegraph
station as a consequence of Regulation 4 of this Chapter, if fitted with a
radiotelegraph auto alarm shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph
(d) of this Regulation, and while at sea, listen on the radiotelegraph
distress frequency by means of a radio officer using headphones or a
loudspeaker, during such periods as may be determined by the
Administration. Administration shall, however, have regard to the
desirability of requiring, whenever practicable, a listening watch of at
least 8 hours a day in the aggregate.
(d) (i) During the period when a radio officer is required by this
Regulation to listen on the radiotelegraph distress frequency, the radio
officer may discontinue such listening during the time when he is handling
traffic on other frequencies, or performing other essential radio duties,
but only if it is impracticable to listen by split headphones or
loudspeaker. The listening watch shall always be maintained by a radio
officer using headphones or a loudspeaker during the silence periods
provided for by the Radio Regulations.
The term "essential radio duties" in this paragraph includes
urgent repairs of:
(1) equipment for radiocommunication used for safety;
(2) radio navigational equipment by order of the master.
(ii) In addition to the provisions of sub-paragraph (i) of this
paragraph, on ships other than multi-radio officer passenger ships, the
radio officer may, in exceptional cases, i.e. when it is impractical to
listen by split headphones or loudspeaker, discontinue listening by order
of the master in order to carry out maintenance required to prevent
imminent malfunction of:
-equipment for radiocommunication used for safety;
-radio navigational equipment;
-other electronic navigational equipment including its repair;
provided that:
(1) the radio officer, at the discretion of the Administration
concerned, is appropriately qualified to perform these duties; and
(2) the ship is fitted with a receiving selector which meets
the requirements of the Radio Regulations;
(3) the listening watch is always maintained by a radio
officer using headphones or loudspeaker during the silence periods
provided for by the Radio Regulations.
(e) In all ships fitted with a radiotelegraph auto alarm this
radiotelegraph auto alarm shall, while the ship is at sea, be in operation
whenever there is no listening being kept under paragraphs (b), (c) or (d)
of this Regulation and, whenever practicable, during direction-finding
operations.
(f) The listening periods provided for by this Regulation, including
those which are determined by the Administration, should be maintained
preferably during periods prescribed for the radiotelegraph service by the
Radio Regulations.
Regulation 7: Watches-Radiotelephone
(a) Each ship which is fitted with a radiotelephone station in
accordance with Regulation 4 of this Chapter shall, for safety purposes,
carry at least one radiotelephone operator (who may be the master, an
officer or a member of the crew holding a certificate for radiotelephony)
and shall, while at sea, maintain continuous watch on the radiotelephone
distress frequency in the place on board from which the ship is usually
navigated, by use of a radiotelephone distress frequency watch receiver,
using a loudspeaker, a filtered loudspeaker or radiotelephone auto alarm.
(b) Each ship which in accordance with Regulation 3 or Regulation 4 of
this Chapter is fitted with a radiotelegraph station shall, while at sea,
maintain continuous watch on the radiotelephone distress frequency in a
place to be determined by the Administration, by use of a radiotelephone
distress frequency watch receiver, using a loudspeaker, a filtered
loudspeaker or radiotelephone auto alarm.
Regulation 8: Watches-VHF Radiotelephone
Each ship provided with a Very High Frequency (VHF) radiotelephone
station, in accordance with Regulation 18 of Chapter V, shall maintain a
listening watch on the bridge for such periods and on such channels as may
be required by the Contracting Government referred to in that Regulation.
PART C TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
Regulation 9: Radiotelegraph Stations
(a) The radiotelegraph station shall be so located that no harmful
interference from extraneous mechanical or other noise will be caused to
the proper reception of radio signals. The station shall be placed as high
in the ship as is practicable, so that the greatest possible degree of
safety may be secured.
(b) The radiotelegraph operating room shall be of sufficient size and
of adequate ventilation to enable the main and reserve radiotelegraph
installations to be operated efficiently, and shall not be used for any
purpose which will interfere with the operation of the radiotelegraph
station.
(c) The sleeping accommodation of at least one radio officer shall be
situated as near as practicable to the radiotelegraph operating room. In
new ships, this sleeping accommodation shall not be within the
radiotelegraph operating room.
(d) There shall be provided between the radiotelegraph operating room
and the bridge and one other place, if any, from which the ship is
navigated, an efficient two-way system for calling and voice communication
which shall be independent of the main communication system on the ship.
(e) The radiotelegraph installation shall be installed in such a
position that it will be protected against the harmful effects of water or
extremes of temperature. It shall be readily accessible both for immediate
use in case of distress and for repair.
(f) A reliable clock with a dial not less than 12.5 centimetres (5
inches) in diameter and a concentric seconds hand, the face of which is
marked to indicate the silence periods prescribed for the radiotelegraph
service by the Radio Regulations, shall be provided. It shall be securely
mounted in the radiotelegraph operating room in such a position that the
entire dial can be easily and accurately observed by the radio officer
from the radiotelegraph operating position and from the position for
testing the radiotelegraph auto alarm receiver.
(g) A reliable emergency light shall be provided in the radiotelegraph
operating room, consisting of an electric lamp permanently arranged so as
to provide satisfactory illumination of the operating controls of the main
and reserve radiotelegraph installations and of the clock required by
paragraph (f) of this Regulation. In new installations, this lamp shall,
if supplied from the reserve source of energy required by sub-paragraph
(a) (iii) of Regulation 10 of this Chapter, be controlled by two-way
switches placed near the main entrance to the radiotelegraph operating
room and at the radiotelegraph operating position, unless the layout of
the radiotelegraph operating room does not warrant it. These switches
shall be clearly labelled to indicate their purpose.
(h) Either an electric inspection lamp, operated from the reserve
source of energy required by sub-paragraph (a) (iii) of Regulation 10 of
this Chapter and provided with a flexible lead of adequate length, or a
flashlight shall be provided and kept in the radiotelegraph operating
room.
(i) The radiotelegraph station shall be provided with such spare
parts, tools and testing equipment as will enable the radiotelegraph
installation to be maintained in efficient working condition while at sea.
The testing equipment shall include an instrument or instruments for
measuring A.C. volts, D.C. volts and ohms.
(j) If a separate emergency radiotelegraph operating room is provided
the requirements of paragraphs (d), (e), (f), (g) and (h) of this
Regulation shall apply to it.
Regulation 10: Radiotelegraph Installations
(a) Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Regulation:
(i) The radiotelegraph station shall include a main installation
and reserve installation, electrically separate and electrically
independent of each other.
(ii) The main installation shall include a main transmitter, main
receiver, radiotelephone distress frequency watch receiver, and main
source of energy.
(iii) The reserve installation shall include a reserve
transmitter, reserve receiver and reserve source of energy.
(iv) A main and a reserve antenna shall be provided and installed,
provided that the Administration may except any ship from the provision of
a reserve antenna if it is satisfied that the fitting of such an antenna
is impracticable or unreasonable, but in such case a suitable spare
antenna completely assembled for immediate installation shall be carried.
In addition, sufficient antenna wire and insulators shall in all cases be
provided to enable a suitable antenna to be erected. The main antenna, if
suspended between supports liable to whipping, shall be suitably protected
against breakage.
(b) In installations on cargo ships (except those on cargo ships of
1,600 tons gross tonnage and upwards installed on or after November
19,1952), if the main transmitter complies with all the requirements for
the reserve transmitter, the latter is not obligatory.
(c) (i) The main and reserve transmitters shall be capable of being
quickly connected with and tuned to the main antenna, and the reserve
antenna if one is fitted.
(ii) The main and reserve receivers shall be capable of being
quickly connected with any antenna with which they are required to be
used.
(d) All parts of the reserve installation shall be placed as high in
the ship as is practicable, so that the greatest possible degree of
safety may be secured.
(e) The main and reserve transmitters shall be capable of transmitting
on the radiotelegraph distress frequency using a class of emission
assigned by the Radio Regulations for that frequency. In addition, the
main transmitter shall be capable of transmitting on at least two working
frequencies in the authorized bands between 405 kHz and 535 kHz, using
classes of emission assigned by the Radio Regulations for these
frequencies. The reserve transmitter may consist of a ship's emergency
transmitter, as defined in and limited in use by the Radio Regulations.
(f) The main and reserve transmitters shall, if modulated emission is
prescribed by the Radio Regulations, have a depth of modulation of not
less than 70 per cent and a note frequency between 450 and 1,350 Hz.
(g) The main and reserve transmitters shall, when connected to the
main antenna, have a minimum normal range as specified below, that is to
say, they must be capable of transmitting clearly perceptible signals from
ship to ship by day and under normal conditions and circumstances over the
specified ranges. * (Clearly perceptible signals will normally be received
if the R.M.S. value of the field strength at the receiver is at least 50
microvolts per metre.)
[* In the absence of a direct measurement of the field strength the
following data may be used as a guide for approximately determining the
normal range:
|-------------------
| 1 | 2 |
| Normal range in miles | Metre-amperes | Total antenna power (watts) |
|------|----|--------|
| 200 | 128 | 200 |
| 175 | 102 | 125 |
| 150 | 76 | 71 |
| 125 | 58 | 41 |
| 100 | 45 | 25 |
| 75 | 34 | 14 |
|-------------------
1 This figure represents the product of the maximum height of the
antenna above the deepest load water-line in metres and the antenna
current in amperes (R.M.S. value).
The values given in the second column of the table correspond to an
average value of the ratio
effective antenna height
------=0.47
maximum antenna height
This ratio varies with local conditions of the antenna and may vary
between about 0.3 and 0.7.
2 The values given in the third column of the table correspond to an
average value of the ratio
radiated antenna power
-------=0.08
total antenna power
This ratio varies considerably according to the values of effective
antenna height and antenna resistance.]
|-------------------
| Minimum normal range in miles |
|--------|
| Main | Reserve |
| transmitter | transmitter|
|----------|----|----|
|All passenger ships, and cargo | |
|ships of 1,600 tons gross tonnage | 150 | 100 |
|and upwards | |
| |
|Cargo ships below 1,600 tons | |
|gross tonnage | 100 | 75 |
|-------------------
(h) (i) The main and reserve receivers shall be capable of receiving
the radiotelegraph distress frequency and the classes of emission assigned
by the Radio Regulations for that frequency.
(ii) In addition, the main receiver shall permit the reception of
such of the frequencies and classes of emission used for the transmission
of time signals, meteorological messages and such other communications
relating to safety of navigation as may be considered necessary by the
Administration.
(iii) The radiotelephone distress frequency watch receiver shall
be preset to this frequency. It shall be provided with a filtering unit or
a device to silence the loudspeaker if on the bridge in the absence of a
radiotelephone alarm signal. The device shall be capable of being easily
switched in and out and may be used when, in the opinion of the master,
conditions are such that maintenance of the listening watch would
interfere with the safe navigation of the ship.
(iv) (1) A radiotelephone transmitter, if provided, shall be
fitted with an automatic device for generating the radiotelephone alarm
signal, so designed as to prevent actuation by mistake, and complying
with the requirements of paragraph (e) of Regulation 16 of this Chapter.
The device shall be capable of being taken out of operation at any time in
order to permit the immediate transmission of a distress message.
(2) Arrangements shall be made to check periodically the proper
functioning of the automatic device for generating the radiotelephone
alarm signal on frequencies other than the radiotelephone distress
frequency using a suitable artificial antenna.
(i) The main receiver shall have sufficient sensitivity to produce
signals in headphones or by means of a loudspeaker when the receiver input
is as low as 50 microvolts. The reserve receiver shall have sufficient
sensitivity to produce such signals when the receiver imput is as low as
100 microvolts.
(j) There shall be available at all times, while the ship is at sea, a
supply of electrical energy sufficient to operate the main installation
over a normal range required by paragraph (g) of this Regulation as well
as for the purpose of charging any batteries forming part of the
radiotelegraph station. The voltage of the supply for the main
installation shall, in the case of new ships, be maintained within¡À10 per
cent of the rated voltage. In the case of existing ships, it shall be
maintained as near the rated voltage as possible and, if practicable,
within ¡À10 per cent.
(k) The reserve installation shall be provided with a source of energy
independent of the propelling power of the ship and of the ship's
electrical system.
(l) (i) The reserve source of energy shall preferably consist of
accumulator batteries, which may be charged from the ship's electrical
system, and shall under all circumstances be capable of being put into
operation rapidly and of operating the reserve transmitter and receiver
for at least six hours continuously under normal working conditions
besides any of the additional loads mentioned in paragraphs (m) and (n) of
this Regulation.*
[* For the purpose of determining the electrical load to be supplied
by the reserve source of energy, the following formula is recommended as
a guide:
1/2 of the transmitter current consumption with the key down (mark)
+1/2 of the transmitter current consumption with the key up (space)
+ current consumption of receiver and additional circuits connected to
the reserve source of energy.]
(ii) The reserve source of energy is required to be of a capacity
sufficient to operate simultaneously the reserve transmitter and the VHF
installation, when fitted, for at least six hours unless a switching
device is fitted to ensure alternate operation only. VHF usage of the
reserve source of energy shall be limited to distress, urgency and safety
communications. Alternatively, a separate reserve source of energy may be
provided for the VHF installation.
(m) The reserve source of energy shall be used to supply the reserve
installation and the automatic alarm signal keying device specified in
paragraph (r) of this Regulation if it is electrically operated.
The reserve source of energy may also be used to supply:
(i) the radiotelegraph auto alarm;
(ii) the emergency light specified in paragraph (g) of Regulation
9 of this Chapter;
(iii) the direction-finder;
(iv) the VHF installation;
(v) the device for generating the radiotelephone alarm signal, if
provided;
(vi) any device, prescribed by the Radio Regulations, to permit
changeover from transmission to reception and vice versa.
Subject to the provisions of paragraph (n) of this Regulation, the
reserve source of energy shall not be used other than for the purposes
specified in this paragraph.
(n) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (m) of this
Regulation, the Administration may authorize the use in cargo ships of the
reserve source of energy for a small number of low-power emergency
circuits which are wholly confined to the upper part of the ship, such as
emergency lighting on the boat deck, on condition that these can be
readily disconnected if necessary, and that the source of energy is of
sufficient capacity to carry the additional load or loads.
(o) The reserve source of energy and its switchboard shall be as high
as practicable in the ship and readily accessible to the radio officer.
The switchboard shall, wherever possible, be situated in a radio room; if
it is not, it shall be capable of being illuminated.
(p) While the ship is at sea, accumulator batteries, whether forming
part of the main installation or reserve installation, shall be brought up
to the normal fully charged condition daily.
(q) All steps shall be taken to eliminate so far as is possible the
causes of, and to suppress, radio interference from electrical and other
apparatus on board. If necessary, steps shall be taken to ensure that the
antennae attached to broadcast receivers do not cause interference to the
efficient or correct working of the radiotelegraph installation.
Particular attention shall be paid to this requirement in the design of
new ships.
(r) In addition to a means for manually transmitting the
radiotelegraph alarm signal, an automatic radiotelegraph alarm signal
keying device shall be provided, capable of keying the main and the
reserve transmitters so as to transmit the radiotelegraph alarm signal.
The device shall be capable of being taken out of operation at any time in
order to permit immediate manual operation of the transmitter. If
electrically operated, this keying device shall be capable of operation
from the reserve source of energy.
(s) At sea, the reserve transmitter, if not used for communications,
shall be tested daily using a suitable artificial antenna, and at least
once during each voyage using the reserve antenna if installed. The
reserve source of energy shall also be tested daily.
(t) All equipment forming part of the radiotelegraph installation
shall be reliable, and shall be so constructed that it is readily
accessible for maintenance purposes.
(u) Notwithstanding the provision of Regulation 4 of this Chapter, the
Administration may, in the case of cargo ships of less than 1,600 tons
gross tonnage, relax the full requirements of Regulation 9 of this Chapter
and the present Regulation, provided that the standard of the
radiotelegraph station shall in no case fall below the equivalent of that
prescribed under Regulation 15 and Regulation 16 of this Chapter for
radiotelephone stations, so far as applicable. In particular, in the case
of cargo ships of 300 tons gross tonnage and upwards but less than 500
tons gross tonnage, the Administration need not require:
(i) a reserve receiver;
(ii) a reserve source of energy in existing installations;
(iii) protection of the main antenna against breakage by whipping;
(iv) the means of communication between the radiotelegraph station
and the bridge to be independent of the main communication system;
(v) the range of the transmitter to be greater than 75 miles.
Regulation 11: Radiotelegraph Auto Alarms
(a) Any radiotelegraph auto alarm installed after May 26, 1965 shall
comply with the following minimum requirements:
(i) In the absence of interference of any kind it shall be capable
of being actuated, without manual adjustment, by any radiotelegraph alarm
signal transmitted on the radiotelegraph distress frequency by any coast
station, ship's emergency or survival craft transmitter operating in
accordance with the Radio Regulations, provided that the strength of the
signal at the receiver input is greater than 100 microvolts and less than
1 volt.
(ii) In the absence of interference of any kind, it shall be
actuated by either three or four consecutive dashes when the dashes vary
in length from 3.5 to as near 6 seconds as possible and the spaces vary in
length between 1.5 seconds and the lowest practicable value, preferably
not greater than 10 milliseconds.
(iii) It shall not be actuated by atmospherics or by any signal
other than the radiotelegraph alarm signal, provided that the received
signals do not in fact constitute a signal falling within the tolerance
limits indicated in sub-paragraph (ii) above.
(iv) The selectivity of the radiotelegraph auto alarm shall be
such as to provide a practically uniform sensitivity over a band extending
not less than 4 kHz and not more than 8 kHz on each side of the
radiotelegraph distress frequency and to provide outside this band a
sensitivity which decreases as rapidly as possible in conformity with the
best engineering practice.
(v) If practicable, the radiotelegraph auto alarm shall, in the
presence of atmospherics or interfering signals, automatically adjust
itself so that within a reasonably short time it approaches the condition
in which it can most readily distinguish the radiotelegraph alarm signal.
(vi) When actuated by a radiotelegraph alarm signal, or in the
event of failure of the apparatus, the radiotelegraph auto alarm shall
cause a continuous audible warning to be given in the radiotelegraph
operating room, in the radio officer's sleeping accommodation and on the
bridge. If practicable warning shall also be given in the case of failure
of any part of the whole alarm receiving system. Only one switch for
stopping the warning shall be provided and this shall be situated in the
radiotelegraph operating room.
(vii) For the purpose of regularly testing the radiotelegraph auto
alarm, the apparatus shall include a generator pre-tuned to the
radiotelegraph distress frequency and a keying device by means of which a
radiotelegraph alarm signal of the minimum strength indicated in
sub-paragraph (i) above is produced. A means shall also be provided for
attaching headphones for the purpose of listening to signals received on
the radiotelegraph auto alarm.
(viii) The radiotelegraph auto alarm shall be capable of
withstanding vibrations humidity and changes of temperature, equivalent to
severe conditions experienced on board ships at sea, and shall continue to
operate under such conditions.
(b) Before a new type of radiotelegraph auto alarm is approved, the
Administration concerned shall be satisfied, by practical tests made under
operating conditions equivalent to those obtaining in practice, that the
apparatus complies with paragraph (a) of this Regulation.
(c) In ships fitted with a radiotelegraph auto alarm, its efficiency
shall be tested by a radio officer at least once every 24 hours while at
sea. If it is not in working order, the radio officer shall report that
fact to the master or officer on watch on the bridge.
(d) A radio officer shall periodically check the proper functioning of
the radiotelegraph auto alarm receiver, with its normal antenna connected,
by listening to signals and by comparing them with similar signals
received on the radiotelegraph distress frequency on the main
installation.
(e) As far as practicable, the radiotelegraph auto alarm, when
connected to an antenna shall not affect the accuracy of the
direction-finder.
Regulation 12: Direction-Finders
(a) (i) The direction-finding apparatus required by Regulation 12 of
Chapter V shall be efficient and capable of receiving signals with the
minimum of receiver noise and of taking bearings from which the true
bearing and direction may be determined.
(ii) It shall be capable of receiving signals on the
radiotelegraph frequencies assigned by the Radio Regulations for the
purposes of distress and direction-finding and for maritime radio beacons.
(iii) In the absence of interference the direction-finding
apparatus shall have a sensitivity sufficient to permit accurate bearings
being taken on a signal having a field strength as low as 50 microvolts
per metre.
(iv) As far as is practicable, the direction-finding apparatus
shall be so located that as little interference as possible from
mechanical or other noise will be caused to the efficient determination of
bearings.
(v) As far as is practicable, the direction-finding antenna system
shall be erected in such a manner that the efficient determination of
bearings will be hindered as little as possible by the close proximity of
other antennae, derricks, wire halyards or other large metal objects.
(vi) An efficient two-way means of calling and voice communication
shall be provided between the direction-finder and the bridge.
(vii) All direction-finders shall be calibrated to the
satisfaction of the Administration on first installation. The calibration
shall be verified by check bearings or by a further calibration whenever
any changes are made in the position of any antennae or of any structures
on deck which might affect appreciably the accuracy of the
direction-finder. The calibration particulars shall be checked at yearly
intervals, or as near thereto as possible. A record shall be kept of the
calibrations and of any checks made of their accuracy.
(b) (i) Radio equipment for homing on the radiotelephone distress
frequency shall be capable of taking direction-finding bearings on that
frequency without ambiguity of sense within an arc of 30 degrees on either
side of the bow.
(ii) When installing and testing the equipment referred to in this
paragraph due regard should be given to the relevant recommendation of the
International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR).
(iii) All reasonable steps shall be taken to ensure the homing
capability required by this paragraph. In cases where due to technical
difficulties the homing capability cannot be achieved, Administrations may
grant to individual ships exemptions from the requirements of this
paragraph.
Regulation 13: Radiotelegraph Installation for Fitting in MotorLifeboats
(a) The radiotelegraph installation required by Regulation 14 of
Chapter III shall include a transmitter, a receiver and a source of
energy. It shall be so designed that it can be used in an emergency by an
unskilled person.
(b) The transmitter shall be capable of transmitting on the
radiotelegraph distress frequency using a class of emission assigned by
the Radio Regulations for that frequency. The transmitter shall also be
capable of transmitting on the frequency, and of using a class of
emission, assigned by the Radio Regulations for use by survival craft in
the bands between 4,000 kHz and 27,500 kHz.
(c) The transmitter shall, if modulated emission is prescribed by the
Radio Regulations, have a depth of modulation of not less than 70 per cent
and a note frequency between 450 and 1,350 Hz.
(d) In addition to a key for manual transmissions, the transmitter
shall be fitted with an automatic keying device for the transmission of
the radiotelegraph alarm and distress signals.
(e) On the radiotelegraph distress frequency the transmitter shall
have a minimum normal range (as specified in paragraph (g) of Regulation
10 of this Chapter) of 25 miles using the fixed antenna.*
[* In the absence of a measurement of the field strength, it may be
assumed that this range will be obtained if the product of the height of
the antenna above the water-line and the antenna current (R.M.S. value) is
10 metre-amperes.]
(f) The receiver shall be capable of receiving the radiotelegraph
distress frequency and the classes of emission assigned by the Radio
Regulations for that frequency.
(g) The source of energy shall consist of an accumulator battery with
sufficient capacity to supply the transmitter for four hours continuously
under normal working conditions. If the battery is of a type that requires
charging, means shall be available for charging it from the ship's power
supply. In addition there shall be a means for charging it after the
lifeboat has been launched.
(h) When the power for the radiotelegraph installation and the
searchlight required by Regulation 14 of Chapter III are drawn from the
same battery, it shall have sufficient capacity to provide for the
additional load of the searchlight.
(i) A fixed-type antenna will be provided together with means for
supporting it at the maximum practicable height. In addition an antenna
supported by a kite or balloon shall be provided if practicable.
(j) At sea a radio officer shall at weekly intervals test the
transmitter using a suitable artificial antenna, and shall bring the
battery up to full charge if it is of a type which requires charging.
Regulation 14: Portable Radio Apparatus for Survival Craft
(a) The apparatus required by Regulation 13 of Chapter III shall
include a transmitter, a receiver, an antenna and a source of energy. It
shall be so designed that it can be used in an emergency by an unskilled
person.
(b) The apparatus shall be readily portable, watertight, capable of
floating in sea water and capable of being dropped into the sea without
damage. New equipment shall be as lightweight and compact as practicable
and shall preferably be capable of use in both lifeboats and liferafts.
(c) The transmitter shall be capable of transmitting on the
radiotelegraph distress frequency using a class of emission assigned by
the Radio Regulations for that frequency, and, in the bands between 4,000
kHz and 27,500 kHz, of transmitting on the radiotelegraph frequency, and
of using a class of emission assigned by the Radio Regulations for
survival craft. However, the Administration may permit the transmitter to
be capable of transmitting on the radiotelephone distress frequency, and
of using a class of emission assigned by the Radio Regulations for that
frequency, as an alternative or in addition to transmission on the
radiotelegraph frequency assigned by the Radio Regulations for survival
craft in the bands between 4,000 kHz and 27,500 kHz.
(d) The transmitter shall, if modulated emission is prescribed by the
Radio Regulations, have a depth of modulation of not less than 70 per cent
and in the case of radiotelegraph emission have a note frequency between
450 and 1,350 Hz.
(e) In addition to a key for manual transmissions, the transmitter
shall be fitted with an automatic keying device for the transmission of
the radiotelegraph alarm and distress signals. If the transmitter is
capable of transmitting on the radiotelephone distress frequency, it shall
be fitted with an automatic device, complying with the requirements of
paragraph (e) of Regulation 16 of this Chapter, for transmitting the
radiotelephone alarm signal.
(f) The receiver shall be capable of receiving the radiotelegraph
distress frequency and the classes of emission assigned by the Radio
Regulations for that frequency. If the transmitter is capable of
transmitting on the radiotelephone distress frequency the receiver shall
also be capable of receiving that frequency and a class of emission
assigned by the Radio Regulations for that frequency.
(g) The antenna shall be either self-supporting or capable of being
supported by the mast of a lifeboat at the maximum practicable height. In
addition it is desirable that an antenna supported by a kite or balloon
shall be provided if practicable.
(h) The transmitter shall supply an adequate radio frequency power *
to the antenna required by paragraph (a) of this Regulation and shall
preferably derive its supply from a hand generator. If operated from a
battery, the battery shall comply with conditions laid down by the
Administration to ensure that it is of a durable type and is of adequate
capacity.
[* It may be assumed that the purposes of this Regulation will be
satisfied by the following performance: At least 10 watts input to the
anode of the final stage o a radio-frequency output of at least 2.0 watts
(A2 emission) at 500 kHz into an artificial antenna having an effective
|---|
| -12|
resistance of 15 ohms and 100¡Á|10 |farads capacitance in series. The
|---|
depth of modulation shall be at least 70 per cent.]
(i) At sea a radio officer or a radiotelephone operator, as
appropriate, shall at weekly intervals test the transmitter, using a
suitable artificial antenna and shall bring the battery up to full charge
if it is of a type which requires charging.
(j) For the purpose of this Regulation, new equipment means equipment
supplied to a ship after the date of entry into force of the present
Convention.
Regulation 15: Radiotelephone Stations
(a) The radiotelephone station shall be in the upper part of the ship
and so located that it is sheltered to the greatest possible extent from
noise which might impair the correct reception of messages and signals.
(b) There shall be efficient communication between the radiotelephone
station and the bridge.
(c) A reliable clock shall be securely mounted in such a position that
the entire dial can be easily observed from the radiotelephone operating
position.
(d) A reliable emergency light shall be provided, independent of the
system which supplies the normal lighting of the radiotelephone
installation, and permanently arranged so as to be capable of providing
adequate illumination of the operating controls of the radiotelephone
installation, of the clock required by paragraph (c) of this Regulation
and of the card of instructions required by paragraph (f).
(e) Where a source of energy consists of a battery or batteries, the
radiotelephone station shall be provided with a means of assessing the
charge condition.
(f) A card of instructions giving a clear summary of the
radiotelephone distress procedure shall be displayed in full view of the
radiotelephone operating position.
Regulation 16: Radiotelephone Installations
(a) The radiotelephone installation shall include transmitting and
receiving equipment, and appropriate sources of energy (referred to in
the following paragraphs as "the transmitter", "the receiver", "the
radiotelephone distress frequency watch receiver", and "the source", of
energy" respectively).
(b) The transmitter shall be capable of transmitting on the
radiotelephone distress frequency and on at least one other frequency in
the bands between 1,605 kHz and 2,850 kHz, using the classes of emission
assigned by the Radio Regulations for these frequencies. In normal
operation a double sideband transmission or a single sideband transmission
with full carrier (i.e. A3H) shall have a depth of modulation of at least
70 per cent at peak intensity. Modulation of a single sideband
transmission with reduced or suppressed carrier (A3A, A3J) shall be such
that the intermodulation products shall not exceed the values given in the
Radio Regulations.
(c) (i) In the case of cargo ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and
upwards but less than 1,600 tons gross tonnage the transmitter shall have
a minimum normal range of 150 miles, i.e. it shall be capable of
transmitting clearly perceptible signals from ship to ship by day and
under normal conditions and circumstances over this range. * (Clearly
perceptible signals will normally be received if the R.M.S. value of the
field strength produced at the receiver by the unmodulated carrier is at
least 25 microvolts per metre.)
[* In the absence of field strength measurements, it may be assumed
that this range will be obtained by a power in the antenna of 15 watts
(unmodulated carrier) with an antenna efficiency of 27 per cent.]
(ii) In the case of cargo ships of 300 tons gross tonnage and
upwards but less than 500 tons gross tonnage:
(1) for existing installations the transmitter shall have a
minimum normal range of at least 75 miles; and
(2) for new installations the transmitter shall produce a
power in the antenna of at least 15 watts (unmodulated carrier).
(d) The transmitter shall be fitted with a device for generating the
radiotelephone alarm signal by automatic means so designed as to prevent
actuation by mistake. The device shall be capable of being taken out of
operation at any time in order to permit the immediate transmission of a
distress message. Arrangements shall be made to check periodically the
proper functioning of the device on frequencies other than the
radiotelephone distress frequency using a suitable artificial antenna.
(e) The device required by paragraph (d) of this Regulation shall
comply with the following requirements:
(i) The tolerance of the frequency of each tone shall be¡À1.5 per
cent.
(ii) The tolerance on the duration of each tone shall be¡À50
milliseconds.
(iii) The interval between successive tones shall not exceed 50
milliseconds.
(iv) The ratio of the amplitude of the stronger tone to that of
the weaker shall be within the range 1 to 1.2.
(f) The receiver required by paragraph (a) of this Regulation shall be
capable of receiving the radiotelephone distress frequency and at least
one other frequency available for maritime radiotelephone stations in the
bands between 1,605 kHz and 2,850 kHz, using the classes of emission
assigned by the Radio Regulations for these frequencies. In addition the
receiver shall permit the reception of such other frequencies, using the
classes of emission assigned by the Radio Regulations, as are used for the
transmission by radiotelephony of meteorological messages and such other
communications relating to the safety of navigation as may be considered
necessary by the Administration. The receiver shall have sufficient
sensitivity to produce signals by means of a loudspeaker when the receiver
input is as low as 50 microvolts.
(g) The radiotelephone distress frequency watch receiver shall be
preset to this frequency. It shall be provided with a filtering unit or a
device to silence the loudspeaker in the absence of a radiotelephone alarm
signal. The device shall be capable of being easily switched in and out
and may be used when, in the opinion of the master, conditions are such
that maintenance of the listening watch would interfere with the safe
navigation of the ship.
(h) To permit rapid change-over from transmission to reception when
manual switching is used, the control for the switching device shall,
where practicable, be located on the microphone or the telephone handset.
(i) While the ship is at sea, there shall be available at all times a
main source of energy sufficient to operate the installation over the
normal range required by paragraph (c) of this Regulation. If batteries
are provided they shall under all circumstances have sufficient capacity
to operate the transmitter and receiver for at least six hours
continuously under normal working conditions. * In installations in cargo
ships of 500 tons gross tonnage and upwards but less than 1,600 tons gross
tonnage made on or after November 19,1952, a reserve source of energy
shall be provided in the upper part of the ship unless the main source of
energy is so situated.
[* For the purpose of determining the electrical load to be supplied
by batteries required to have six hours reserve capacity, the following
formula is recommended as a guide:
1/2 of the current consumption necessary for speech transmission
+ current consumption of receiver
+ current consumption of all additional loads to which the batteries
may supply energy in time of distress of emergency.]
(j) The reserve source of energy, if provided, may be used only to
supply:
(i) the radiotelephone installation;
(ii) the emergency light required by paragraph (d) of Regulation
15 of this Chapter;
(iii) the device required by paragraph (d) of this Regulation, for
generating the radiotelephone alarm signal; and
(iv) the VHF installation.
(k) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (j) of this
Regulation, the Administration may authorize the use of the reserve source
of energy, if provided, for a direction-finder, if fitted, and for a
number of low-power emergency circuits which are wholly confined to the
upper part of the ship, such as emergency lighting on the boat deck, on
condition that the additional loads can be readily disconnected, and that
the source of energy is of sufficient capacity to carry them.
(l) While at sea, any battery provided shall be kept charged so as to
meet the requirements of paragraph (i) of this Regulation.
(m) An antenna shall be provided and installed and, if suspended
between supports liable to whipping, shall in the case of cargo ships of
500 tons gross tonnage and upwards but less than 1,600 tons gross tonnage
be protected against breakage. In addition, there shall be a spare antenna
completely assembled for immediate replacement or, where this is not
practicable, sufficient antenna wire and insulators to enable a spare
antenna to be erected. The necessary tools to erect an antenna shall also
be provided.
Regulation 17: VHF Radiotelephone Stations
(a) When a VHF radiotelephone station is provided in accordance with
Regulation 18 of Chapter V, it shall be in the upper part of the ship and
include a VHF radiotelephone installation complying with the provisions of
this Regulation and comprising a transmitter and receiver, a source of
power capable of actuating them at their rated power levels, and an
antenna suitable for efficient radiating and receiving signals at the
operating frequencies.
(b) Such a VHF installation shall conform to the requirements laid
down in the Radio Regulations for equipment used in the VHF Maritime
Mobile Radiotelephone Service and shall be capable of operation on those
channels specified by the Radio Regulations and as may be required by the
Contracting Government referred to in Regulation 18 of Chapter V.
(c) The Contracting Government shall not require the transmitter R.F.
carrier power output to be greater than 10 watts. The antenna shall, in so
far as is practicable, have an unobstructed view in all directions.*
[* For guidance purposes, it is assumed that each ship would be fitted
with a vertically polarized unity gain antenna at a nominal height of 9.15
metres (30 feet) above water, a transmitter R.F. power output of 10 watts,
and a receiver sensitivity of 2 microvolts across the input terminals for
20 db signal-to-noise ratio.]
(d) Control of the VHF channels required for navigational safety shall
be immediately available on the bridge convenient to the conning position
and, where necessary, facilities should also be available to permit
radiocommunications from the wings of the bridge.
Regulation 18: Radiotelephone Auto Alarms
(a) The radiotelephone auto alarm shall comply with the following
minimum requirements:
(i) the frequencies of maximum response of the tuned circuits, and
other tone selecting devices, shall be subject to a tolerance of ¡À1.5 per
cent in each instance; and the response shall not fall below 50 per cent
of the maximum response for frequencies within 3 per cent of the frequency
of maximum response;
(ii) in the absence of noise and interference, the automatic
receiving equipment shall be capable of operating from the alarm signal in
a period of not less than four and not more than six seconds;
(iii) the automatic receiving equipment shall respond to the alarm
signal, under conditions of intermittent interference caused by
atmospherics and powerful signals other than the alarm signal, preferably
without any manual adjustment being required during any period of watch
maintained by the equipment;
(iv) the automatic receiving equipment shall not be actuated by
atmospherics or by strong signals other than the alarm signal;
(v) the automatic receiving equipment shall be effective beyond
the range at which speech transmission is satisfactory;
(vi) the automatic receiving equipment shall be capable of
withstanding vibration, humidity, changes of temperature and variations
in power supply voltage equivalent to the severe conditions experienced on
board ships at sea, and shall continue to operated under such conditions;
(vii) the automatic receiving equipment should, as far as
practicable, give warning of faults that would prevent the apparatus from
performing its normal functions during watch hours.
(b) Before a new type of radiotelephone auto alarm is approved, the
Administration concerned shall be satisfied by practical tests, made under
operating conditions equivalent to those obtained in practice, that the
apparatus complies with paragraph (a) of this Regulation.
PART D RADIO LOGS
Regulation 19: Radio Logs
(a) The radio log (diary of the radio service) required by the Radio
Regulations for a ship which is fitted with a radiotelegraph station in
accordance with Regulation 3 or Regulation 4 of this Chapter shall be kept
in the radiotelegraph operating room during the voyage. Every radio
officer shall enter in the log his name, the times at which he goes on and
off watch, and all incidents connected with the radio service which occur
during his watch which may appear to be of importance to safety of life at
sea. In addition, there shall be entered in the log:
(i) the entries required by the Radio Regulations;
(ii) details of the maintenance, including a record of the
charging of the batteries, in such form as may be prescribed by the
Administration;
(iii) a daily statement that the requirement of paragraph (p) of
Regulation 10 of this Chapter has been fulfilled;
(iv) details of the tests of the reserve transmitter and reserve
source of energy made under paragraph (s) of Regulation 10 of this
Chapter;
(v) in ships fitted with a radiotelegraph auto alarm details of
tests made under paragraph (c) of Regulation 11 of this Chapter;
(vi) details of the maintenance of the batteries, including a
record of the charging (if applicable) required by paragraph (j) of
Regulation 13 of this Chapter, and details of the tests required by that
paragraph in respect of the transmitters fitted in motor lifeboats;
(vii) details of the maintenance of the batteries, including a
record of the charging (if applicable) required by paragraph (i) of
Regulation 14 of this Chapter, and details of the tests required by that
paragraph in respect of portable radio apparatus for survival craft;
(viii) the time at which the listening watch was discontinued in
accordance with paragraph (d) of Regulation 6 of this Chapter, together
with the reason and the time at which the listening watch was resumed.
(b) The radio log (diary of the radio service) required by the Radio
Regulations for a ship which is fitted with a radiotelephone station in
accordance with Regulation 4 of this Chapter shall be kept at the place
where listening watch is maintained. Every qualified operator, and every
master, officer of crew member carrying out a listening watch in
accordance with Regulation 7 of this Chapter, shall enter in the log, with
his name, the details of all incidents connected with the radio service
which occur during his watch which may appear to be of importance to
safety of life at sea. In addition, there shall be entered in the log:
(i) the details required by the Radio Regulations;
(ii) the time at which listening watch begins when the ship leaves
port, and the time at which it ends when the ship reaches port;
(iii) the time at which listening watch is for any reason
discontinued, together with the reason, and the time at which listening
watch is resumed;
(iv) details of the maintenance of the batteries (if provided),
including a record of the charging required by paragraph (1) of Regulation
16 of this Chapter;
(v) details of the maintenance of the batteries, including a
record of the charging (if applicable) required by paragraph (i) of
Regulation 14 of this Chapter, and details of the tests required by that
paragraph in respect of portable radio apparatus for survival craft.
(c) Radio logs shall be available for inspection by the officers
authorized by the Administration to make such inspection.
CHAPTER V SAFETY OF NAVIGATION
Regulation 1: Application
This Chapter, unless otherwise expressly provided in this Chapter,
applies to all ships on all voyages, except ships of war and ships solely
navigating the Great Lakes of North America and their connecting and
tributary waters as far east as the lower exit of the St. Lambert Lock at
Montreal in the Province of Quebec, Canada.
Regulation 2: Danger Messages
(a) The master of every ship which meets with dangerous ice, a
dangerous derelict, or any other direct danger to navigation, or a
tropical storm, or encounters sub-freezing air temperatures associated
with gale force winds causing severe ice accretion on superstructures, or
winds of force 10 or above on the Beaufort scale for which no storm
warning has been received, is bound to communicate the information by all
the means at his disposal to ships in the vicinity, and also to the
competent authorities at the first point on the coast with which he can
communicate. The form in which the information is sent is not obligatory.
It may be transmitted either in plain language (preferably English) or by
means of the International Code of Signals. It should be broadcast to all
ships in the vicinity and sent to the first point on the coast to which
communication can be made, with a request that it be transmitted to the
appropriate authorities.
(b) Each Contracting government will take all steps necessary to
ensure that when intelligence of any of the dangers specified in
paragraph (a) of this Regulation is received, it will be promptly
brought to the knowledge of those concerned and communicated to other
interested Governments.
(c) The transmission of messages respecting the dangers specified is
free of cost to the ships concerned.
(d) All radio messages issued under paragraph (a) of this Regulation
shall be preceded by the Safety Signal, using the procedure as prescribed
by the Radio Regulations as defined in Regulation 2 of Chapter IV.
Regulation 3: Information required in Danger Messages
The following information is required in danger messages:
(a) Ice, Derelicts and other Direct Dangers to Navigation
(i) The kind of ice, derelict of danger observed.
(ii) The position of the ice, derelict or danger when last
observed.
(iii) The time and date (Greenwich Mean Time) when danger last
observed.
(b) Tropical Storms (Hurricanes in the West Indies, Typhoons in the
China Sea, Cyclones in Indian waters, and storms of a similar nature in
other regions)
(i) A statement that a tropical storm has been encountered. This
obligation should be interpreted in a broad spirit, and information
transmitted whenever the master has good reason to believe that a tropical
storm is developing or exists in his neighbourhood.
(ii) Time, date (Greenwich Mean Time) and position of ship when
the observation was taken.
(iii) As much of the following information as is practicable
should be included in the message:
- barometric pressure, preferably corrected (stating
millibars, millimetres, or inches, and whether corrected or uncorrected);
- barometric tendency (the change in barometric pressure
during the past three hours);
- true wind direction;
- wind force (Beaufort scale);
- state of the sea (smooth, moderate, rough, high);
- swell (slight, moderate, heavy) and the true direction from
which it comes. Period or length of swell (short, average, long) would
also be of value;
- true course and speed of ship.
(c) Subsequent Observations
When a master has reported a tropical or other dangerous storm, it is
desirable, but not obligatory, that further observations be made and
transmitted hourly, if practicable, but in any case at intervals of not
more than three hours, so long as the ship remains under the influence of
the storm.
(d) Winds of force 10 or above on the Beaufort scale for which no
storm warning has been received
This is intended to deal with storms other than the tropical storms
referred to in paragraph (b) of this Regulation; when such a storm is
encountered, the message should contain similar information to that listed
under that paragraph but excluding the details concerning sea and swell.
(e) Sub-freezing air temperatures associated with gale force winds
causing severe ice accretion on superstructures
(i) Time and date (Greenwich Mean Time).
(ii) Air temperature.
(iii) Sea temperature (if practicable).
(iv) Wind force and direction.
Examples
Ice
TTT Ice. Large berg sighted in 4605 N., 4410 W., at 0800 GMT. May 15.
Derelicts
TTT Derelict. Observed derelict almost submerged in 4006 N., 1243 W.,
at 1630 GMT. April 21.
Danger to Navigation
TTT Navigation. Alpha lightship not on station. 1800 GMT. January 3.
Tropical Storm
TTT Storm. 0030 GMT. August 18. 2004 N., 11354 E. Barometer corrected
994 millibars, tendency down 6 millibars. Wind NW., force 9, heavy
squalls. Heavy easterly swell. Course 067, 5 knots.
TTT Storm. Appearances indicate approach of hurricane. 1300 GMT.
September 14. 2200 N., 7236 W. Barometer corrected 29.64 inches, tendency
down .015 inches. Wind NE., force 8, frequent rain squalls. Course 035, 9
knots.
TTT Storm. Conditions indicate intense cyclone has formed. 0200 GMT.
May 4. 1620 N., 9203 E. Barometer uncorrected 753 millimetres, tendency
down 5 millimetres. Wind S. by W., force 5. Course 300, 8 knots.
TTT Storm. Typhoon to southeast. 0300 GMT. June 12. 1812 N., 12605 E.
Barometer falling rapidly. Wind increasing from N.
TTT Storm. Wind force 11, no storm warning received. 0300 GMT. May 4.
4830 N., 30 W. Barometer corrected 983 millibars, tendency down 4
millibars. Wind SW., force 11 veering. Course 260,6 knots.
Icing
TTT experiencing severe icing. 1400 GMT. March 2. 69 N., 10 W. Air
temperature 18. Sea temperature 29. Wind NE., force 8.
Regulation 4: Meteorological Services
(a) The Contracting Governments undertake to encourage the collection
of meteorological data by ships at sea and to arrange for their
examination, dissemination and exchange in the manner most suitable for
the purpose of aiding navigation. Administrations shall encourage the use
of instruments of a high degree of accuracy, and shall facilitate the
checking of such instruments upon request.
(b) In particular, the Contracting Governments undertake to co-operate
in carrying out, as far as practicable, the following meteorological
arrangements:
(i) To warn ships of gales, storms and tropical storms, both by
the issue of radio messages and by the display of appropriate signals at
coastal points.
(ii) To issue daily, by radio, weather bulletins suitable for
shipping, containing data of existing weather, waves and ice, forecasts
and, when practicable, sufficient additional information to enable simple
weather charts to be prepared at sea and also to encourage the
transmission of suitable facsimile weather charts.
(iii) To prepare and issue such publications as may be necessary
for the efficient conduct of meteorological work at sea and to arrange, if
practicable, for the publication and making available of daily weather
charts for the information of departing ships.
(iv) To arrange for selected ships to be equipped with tested
instruments (such as a barometer, a barograph, a psychrometer, and
suitable apparatus for measuring sea temperature) for use in this service,
and to take meteorological observations at main standard times for surface
synoptic observations (at least four times daily, whenever circumstances
permit) and to encourage other ships to take observations in a modified
form, particularly when in areas where shipping is sparse; these ships to
transmit their observations by radio for the benefit of the various
official meteorological services, repeating the information for the
benefit of ships in the vicinity. When in the vicinity of a tropical
storm, or of a suspected tropical storm, ships should be encouraged to
take and transmit their observations at more frequent intervals whenever
practicable, bearing in mind navigational preoccupations of ships'
officers during storm conditions.
(v) To arrange for the reception and transmission by coast radio
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