INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 Whole document TABLE OF CONTENTS ARTICLES OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974

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the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) ------------------ NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for 1952, 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in which cases the actual date should be given.

In the case of a ship which is converted as provided in Regulation 1(b)(i) of Chapter II-1 or Regulations 1 (a) (i) of Chapter II-2 of the Convention, the date on which the work of conversion was begun should be given.

Form of Safety Construction Certificate for Cargo Ships CARGO SHIP SAFETY CONSTRUCTION CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |------------------------- | | | | Distinctive | Gross | Date on which | | Name of ship | Number or | Port of Registry | keel was laid (see | | Letters | Tonnage | NOTE below) | | | | |----|----|------|---|------| | | | | | | | | | |------------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify That the above-mentioned ship has been duly surveyed in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 10 of Chapter I of the Convention referred to above, and that the survey showed that the condition of the hull, machinery and equipment, as defined in the above Regulation, was in all respects satisfactory and that the ship complied with the applicable requirements of Chapter II-1 and Chapter II-2 (other than that relating to fire-extinguishing appliances and fire control plans).

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) ------------------ NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for 1952, 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in which cases the actual date should be given.

Form of Safety Equipment Certificate for Cargo Ships CARGO SHIP SAFETY EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |------------------------- | | | | Distinctive | Gross | Date on which | | Name of ship | Number or | Port of Registry | keel was laid (see | | Letters | Tonnage | NOTE below) | | | | |----|----|------|---|------| | | | | | | | | | |------------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify I. That the above-mentioned ship has been duly inspected in accordance with the provisions of the Convention referred to above.

II. That the inspection showed that the life-saving appliances provided for a total number of ...... persons and no more, viz.: ...... lifeboats on port side capable of accommodating ...... persons; ...... lifeboats on starboard side capable of accommodating ......

persons; ...... motor lifeboats (included in the total lifeboats shown above), including ...... motor lifeboats fitted with radiotelegraph installation and searchlight, and ...... motor lifeboats fitted with searchlight only; ...... liferafts, for which approved launching devices are required, capable of accommodating ...... persons; and ...... liferafts, for which approved launching devices are not required, capable of accommodating ...... persons; ...... lifebuoys; ...... life-jackets.

III. That the lifeboats and liferafts were equipped in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations annexed to the Convention.

IV. That the ship was provided with a line-throwing apparatus and portable radio apparatus for survival craft in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations.

V. That the inspection showed that the ship complied with the requirements of the said Convention as regards fire-extinguishing appliances and fire control plans, echo-sounding device and gyro-compass and was provided with navigation lights and shapes, pilot ladder, and means of making sound signals and distress signals, in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations and the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea in force.

VI. That in all other respects the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations so far as these requirements apply thereto.

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for 1952, 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in which cases the actual date should be given.

Form of Safety Radiotelegraph Certificate for Cargo Ships CARGO SHIP SAFETY RADIOTELEGRAPHY CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |------------------------- | | | | Distinctive | Gross | Date on which | | Name of ship | Number or | Port of Registry | keel was laid (see | | letters | Tonnage | NOTE below) | | | | |----|----|------|---|------| | | | | | | |------------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify I. That the above-mentioned ship complies with the provisions of the Regulations annexed to the Convention referred to above as regards radiotelegraphy and radar: |-------------------------------- | | | Requirements of | Actual | | | | Regulations | provision | | | |--------------------|------|------| | | | Hours of listening by operator ........................................ | ............... | ............... | | Number of operators ................................................... | ............... | ............... | | whether auto alarm fitted ............................................. | ............... | ............... | | Whether main installation fitted ...................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether reserve installation fitted ................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether main and reserve transmitters electrically | | | separated or combined .............................................. | ............... | ............... | | Whether direction-finder fitted ....................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether radio equipment for homing on the radio | | | telephone distress frequency fitted ................................ | ............... | ............... | | Whether radar fitted .................................................. | ............... | ............... | | | |-------------------------------- II. That the functioning of the radiotelegraphy installation for motor lifeboats and/or the portable radio apparatus for survival craft, if provided, complies with the provisions of the said Regulations.

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for 1952, 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in which cases the actual date should be given.

Form of Safety Radiotelegraph Certificate for Cargo Ships CARGO SHIP SAFETY RADIOTELEPHONY CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |------------------------- | | | | Distinctive | Gross | Date on which | | Name of ship | Number or | Port of Registry | keel was laid (see | | Letters | Tonnage | NOTE below) | | | | |----|----|------|---|------| | | | | | | | | | |------------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify I. That the above-mentioned ship complies with the provisions of the Regulations annexed to the Convention referred to above as regards Radiotelephony: |-------------------------------- | | | Requirements of | Actual | | | | Regulations | provision | | | |--------------------|------|------| | | | Hours of listening by operator ........................................ | ............... | ............... | | Number of operators ................................................... | ............... | ............... | | | |--------------------------------- II. That the functioning of the portable radio apparatus for survival craft, if provided, complies with the provisions of the said Regulations.

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for 1952, 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 in which cases the actual date should be given.

Form of Exemption Certificate EXEMPTION CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |------------------- | | | | Distinctive | Gross | | Name of Ship | Number or | Port of Registry | | Letters | Tonnage | | | | |-----|----|-------|----| | | | | | | | | | |------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify That the above-mentioned ship is, under the authority conferred by Regulation ........ of Chapter ........ of the Regulations annexed to the Convention referred to above, exempted from the requirements of ¢Ù .................................. of the Convention on the voyages .................................. to ...................

¢ÙInsert here the conditions, if any, on which the exemption certificate is granted.

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

Insert here references to Chapters and Regulations, specifying particular paragraphs.

(Signature) Form of Safety Certificate for Nuclear Passenger Ships NUCLEAR PASSENGER SHIP SAFETY CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |-------------------------- | | | | | | | Particulars of | Date on | | Distinctive | Port of | Gross | voyages, if any, | which keel | | Name of Ship | Number or | | sanctioned under | was laid | | Letters | Registry | Tonnage | Regulation 27 (c) | (see NOTE | | | |(vii) of Chapter III| below) | | | | | |-----|-----|-----|----|------|-----| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |-------------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify I. That the above-mentioned ship has been duly surveyed in accordance with the provisions of the Convention referred to above.

II. That the ship, being a nuclear ship, complied with all requirements of Chapter VIII of the Convention and conformed to the Safety Assessment approved for the ship.

III. That the survey showed that the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations annexed to the said Convention as regards: (1) the structure, main and auxiliary boilers and other pressure vessels and machinery; (2) the watertight subdivision arrangements and details; (3) the following subdivision load lines: |--------------------------- | | | Subdivision load lines assigned and | To apply when the spaces in | | marked on the ship's side at amidships | Freeboard | which passengers are carried | | (Regulation 11 of Chapter II-1) | include the following alternative | | | spaces | | | |------------|------|----------| | | | C.1 | ...... | ....... | | C.2 | ...... | ....... | | C.3 | ...... | ....... | | | |--------------------------- IV. That the life-saving appliances provided for a total number of ...... persons and no more, viz.: ...... lifeboats (including ...... motor lifeboats) capable of accommodating ...... persons, and ...... motor lifeboats fitted with radiotelegraph installation and searchlight (included in the total lifeboats shown above) and ...... motor lifeboats fitted with searchlight only (also included in the total lifeboats shown above), requiring ......

certificated lifeboatmen; ...... liferafts, for which approved launching devices are required, capable of accommodating ...... persons; and ...... liferafts, for which approved launching devices are not required, capable of accommodating ...... persons; ...... buoyant apparatus capable of supporting ...... persons; ...... lifebuoys; ...... life-jackets.

V. That the lifeboats and liferafts were equipped in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations.

VI. That the ship was provided with a line-throwing appliance and portable radio apparatus for survival craft, in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations.

VII. That the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations as regards radiotelegraph installations, viz.: |--------------------------------- | | | Requirements of | Actual | | | | Regulations | provision | | | |--------------------|------|------| | | | Hours of listening by operator ........................................ | | | Number of operators ................................................... | ............... | ............... | | whether auto alarm fitted ............................................. | ............... | ............... | | Whether main installation fitted ...................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether reserve installation fitted ................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether main and reserve transmitters electrically | ............... | ............... | | separated or combined .............................................. | | | Whether direction-finder fitted ....................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether radio equipment for homing on the | ............... | ............... | | radiotelephone distress frequency fitted ........................... | | | Whether radar fitted .................................................. | ............... | ............... | | Number of passengers for which certificated ........................... | ............... | ............... | | | |--------------------------------- VIII. That the functioning of the radiotelegraph installations for motor lifeboats and/or the portable radio apparatus for survival craft, if provided, complied with the provisions of the Regulations.

IX. That the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations as regards fire-detecting and fire-extinguishing appliances, radar echo-sounding device and gyro-compass and was provided with navigation lights and shapes, pilot ladder, and means of making sound signals and distress signals in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations and also the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea in force.

X. That in all other respects the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations, so far as these requirements apply thereto.

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in which cases the actual date should be given.

In the case of a ship which is converted as provided in Regulation 1 (b) (i) of Chapter II-1 or Regulation 1 (a) (i) of Chapter II-2, the date on which the work of conversion was begun should be given.

Form of Safety Certificate for Nuclear Cargo Ships NUCLEAR CARGO SHIP SAFETY CERTIFICATE (Official Seal) (Country) Issued under the provisions of the INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 |------------------------- | | | | Distinctive | Gross | Date on which | | Name of ship | Number or | Port of Registry | keel was laid (see | | Letters | Tonnage | NOTE below) | | | | |----|----|------|---|------| | | | | | | | | | |------------------------- The (Name) Government certifies ----- -------- I, the undersigned (Name) certify I. That the above-mentioned ship has been duly surveyed in accordance with the provisions of the Convention referred to above.

II. That the ship, being a nuclear ship, complied with all requirements of Chapter VIII of the Convention and conformed to the Safety Assessment approved for the ship.

III. That the survey showed that the ship satisfied the requirements set out in Regulation 10 of Chapter I of the Convention as to hull, machinery and equipment, and complied with the relevant requirements of Chapter II-1 and Chapter II-2.

IV. That the life-saving appliances provide for a total number of ...... persons and no more, viz.: ...... lifeboats on port side capable of accommodating ...... persons; ...... lifeboats on starboard side capable of accommodating ......

persons; ...... motor lifeboats (included in the total lifeboats shown above) including ...... motor lifeboats fitted with radiotelegraph installation and searchlight and ...... motor lifeboats fitted with searchlight only; ...... liferafts, for which approved launching devices are required, capable of accommodating ...... persons; and ...... liferafts for which approved launching devices are not required, capable of accommodating ...... persons; ...... lifebuoys; ...... life-jackets.

V. That the lifeboats and liferafts were equipped in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations annexed to the Convention.

VI. That the ship was provided with a line-throwing apparatus and portable radio apparatus for survival craft in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations.

VII. That the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations as regards radiotelegraph installations, viz.: |--------------------------------- | | | Requirements of | Actual | | | | Regulations | provision | | | |--------------------|------|------| | | | Hours of listening by operator ........................................ | ............... | ............... | | Number of operators ................................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether auto alarm fitted ............................................. | ............... | ............... | | Whether main installation fitted ...................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether reserve installation fitted ................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether main and reserve transmitters electrically | | | separated or combined .............................................. | ............... | ............... | | Whether direction-finder fitted ....................................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether radio equipment for homing on the | | | radiotelephone distress frequency fitted ........................... | ............... | ............... | | Whether radar fitted .................................................. | ............... | ............... | | | |--------------------------------- VIII. That the functioning of the radiotelegraph installations for motor lifeboats, and/ or the portable radio apparatus for survival craft, if provided, complied with the provisions of the Regulations.

IX. That the inspection showed that the ship complied with the requirements of the said Convention as regards fire-extinguishing appliances, radar, echo-sounding device and gyro-compass and was provided with navigation lights and shapes, pilot ladder, and means of making sound signals and distress signals in accordance with the provisions of the Regulations and the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea in force.

X. That in all other respects the ship complied with the requirements of the Regulations so far as these requirements apply thereto.

This certificate is issued under the authority of the Government. It will remain in force until Issued at the day of 19 Here follows the seal or signature of the authority entitled to issue the certificate.

(Seal) If signed, the following paragraph is to be added: The undersigned declares that he is duly authorized by the said Government to issue this certificate.

(Signature) ------------------ NOTE: It will be sufficient to indicate the year in which the keel was laid or when the ship was at a similar stage of construction except for the year 1965 and the year of the coming into force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, in which cases the actual date should be given.

n ship of less than, 1,000 tons gross tonnage, the arrangements in cargo spaces shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(g) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Boiler Rooms, etc.

Spaces containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units shall be provided with the following arrangements: (i) There shall be any one of the following fixed fire-extinguishing systems: (1) A pressure water-spraying system complying with the provisions of Regulation 11 of this Chapter.

(2) A gas system complying with the provisions of Regulation 8 of this Chapter.

(3) A froth system complying with the provisions of Regulation 9 of this Chapter.

(4) A high expansion froth system complying with the provisions of Regulation 10 of this Chapter.

In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine room, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one compartment.

(ii) There shall be in each boiler room at least one set of portable air-froth equipment complying with the provisions of paragraph (d) of Regulation 7 of this Chapter.

(iii) There shall be at least two approved portable extinguishers discharging froth or equivalent in each firing space in each boiler room and each space in which a part of the oil fuel installation is situated.

There shall be not less than one approved froth-type extinguisher of at least 136 litres (30 gallons) capacity or equivalent in each boiler room.

these extinguishers shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching any part of the boiler room.

(iv) In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing sand, sawdust impregnated with soda or other approved dry material, in such quantity as may be required by the Administration. Alternatively an approved portable extinguisher may be substituted therefor.

(h) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Spaces containing Internal Combustion Type Machinery Spaces containing internal combustion machinery sued either for main propulsion, or for other purposes when such machinery has in the aggregate a total power output of not less than 373 kW, shall be provided with the following arrangements: (i) There shall be one of the fire-extinguishing systems required by sub-paragraph (g) (i) of this Regulation (ii) There shall be at least one set of portable air-froth equipment complying with the provisions of paragraph (d) of Regulation 7 of this Chapter.

(iii) There shall be in each such space approved froth-type extinguishers each of at least 45 litres (10 gallons) capacity or equivalent sufficient in number to enable froth or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems, gearing and other fire hazards. In addition, there shall be provided a sufficient number of portable froth extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that an extinguisher is not more than 10 metres (33 feet) walking distance from any point in the space; provided that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such space.

(i) Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Spaces containing Steam Turbines or enclosed Steam Engines In spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used either for main propulsion or for other purposes when such machinery has in the aggregate a total power output of not less than 373 kW: (i) There shall be provided froth fire extinguishers each of at least 45 litres (10 gallons) capacity or equivalent sufficient in number to enable froth or its equivalent to be directed on to any part of the pressure lubrication system, on to any part of the casings enclosing pressure lubricated parts of the turbines, engines or associated gearing, and any other fire hazards. Provided that such extinguishers shall not be required if protection at least equivalent to this sub-paragraph is provided in such spaces by a fixed fireextinguishing system fitted in compliance with sub-paragraph (g) (i) of this Regulation.

(ii) There shall be provided a sufficient number of portable froth extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that an extinguisher is not more than 10 metres (33 feet) walking distance from any point in the space; provided that there shall be at least two such extinguishers in each such space, and such extinguishers shall not be required in addition to any provided in compliance with sub-paragraph (h) (iii) of this Regulation.

(j) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in other Machinery Spaces Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists in any machinery space for which no specific provisions for fire-extinguishing appliances are prescribed in paragraphs (g), (h) and (i) of this Regulation there shall be provided in, or adjacent to, that space such number of approved portable fire extinguishers or other means of fire extinction as the Administration may deem sufficient.

(k) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Appliances not required by this Part Where a fixed fire-extinguishing system not required by this Part of this Chapter is installed, such a system shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(l) Special Requirements for Machinery Spaces (i) For any machinery space of Category A to which access is provided at a low level from an adjacent shaft tunnel there shall be provided in addition to any watertight door and on the side remote from that machinery space a light steel fire-screen door which shall be operable from each side.

(ii) An automatic fire detection and alarm system shall be fitted when the Administration considers such special precautions warranted in any machinery space in which the installation of automatic and remote control systems and equipment have been approved in lieu of continuous manning of the space.

(m) Fireman's Outfits and Personal Equipment (i) The minimum number of fireman's outfits complying with the requirements of Regulation 14 of this Chapter, and of additional sets of personal equipment, each such set comprising the items stipulated in sub-paragraphs (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) of that Regulation, to be carried shall be as follow: (1) two fireman's outfits; and in addition (2) for every 80 metres (262 feet) or part thereof, of the aggregate of the lengths of all passenger spaces and service spaces on the deck which carries such spaces or, if there is more than one such deck, on the deck which has the largest aggregate of such lengths, two fireman's outfits and two sets of personal equipment each such set comprising the items stipulated in Regulation 14 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) of this Chapter.

(ii) For each fireman's outfit which includes a self-contained breathing apparatus as provided in paragraph (b) of Regulation 14 of this Chapter, spare charges shall be carried on a scale approved by the Administration.

(iii) Fireman's outfits and sets of personal equipment shall be stored in widely separated positions ready for use. At least two fireman's outfits and one set of personal equipment shall be available at any one position.

Regulation 33: Arrangements for Oil Fuel Lubricating Oil and otherInflammable Oils (a) Oil Fuel Arrangements In a ship in which oil fuel is used, the arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of the oil fuel shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and persons on board and shall at least comply with the following provisions: (i) No oil fuel which has a flashpoint of less than 60¡æ(140¡ãF) (closed cup test) as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus shall be used as fuel, except in emergency generators, in which case the flashpoint shall be not less than 43 ¡æ(110¡ãF).

Provided that the Administration may permit the general used of fuel oil having a flashpoint of not less than 43¡æ (110 ¡ãF) subject to such additional precautions as it may consider necessary and on condition that the temperature of the space in which such fuel is stored or used shall not be allowed to rise within 10 ¡æ (18¡ãF) below the flashpoint of the fuel.

(ii) As far as practicable, no part of the oil fuel system containing heated oil under pressure exceeding 1.8 kilogrammes per square centimetre (25 pounds per square inch) gauge shall be so concealed that defects and leakage cannot readily be observed. In way of such parts of the oil fuel system the machinery space shall be adequately illuminated.

(iii) The ventilation of machinery spaces shall be sufficient under all normal conditions to prevent accumulation of oil vapour.

(iv) (1) As far as practicable, oil fuel tanks shall be part of the ship's structure and shall be located outside machinery spaces of Category A. When oil fuel tanks, except double bottom tanks, are necessarily located adjacent to machinery spaces of Category A, they shall preferably have a common boundary with the double bottom tanks, and the area of the tank boundary common with the machinery space shall be kept to a minimum. In general, the use of free-standing oil fuel tanks shall be avoided but when such tanks are employed they shall not be situated in machinery spaces of Category A.

(2) No oil tank shall be situated where spillage or leakage therefrom can constitute a hazard by falling on heated surfaces.

Precautions shall be taken to prevent any oil that may escape under pressure from any pump, filter or heater from coming into contact with heated surfaces.

(v) Every oil fuel pipe which if damaged would allow oil to escape from a storage, settling or daily service tank situated above the double bottom shall be fitted with a cock or valve on the tank capable of being closed from a safe position outside the space concerned in the event of a fire arising in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special case of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel or similar space, valves on the tanks shall be fitted but control in event of fire may be effected by means of an additional valve on the pipe or pipes outside the tunnel or similar space.

(vi) Safe and efficient means of ascertaining the amount of oil fuel contained in any oil tank shall be provided. Sounding pipes with suitable means of closure may be permitted if their upper ends terminate in safe positions. Other means of ascertaining the amount of oil fuel contained in any oil fuel tank may be permitted if they do not require penetration below the top of the tank, and providing their failure or overfilling of the tanks will not permit release of fuel thereby.

(vii) Provision shall be made to prevent over-pressure in any oil tank or in any part of the oil fuel system, including the filling pipes.

Any relief valves and air or overflow pipes shall discharge to a position which, in the opinion of the Administration, is safe.

(viii) Oil fuel pipes shall be of steel or other approved material, provided that restricted use of flexible pipes shall be permissible in positions where the Administration is satisfied that they are necessary. Such flexible pipes and end attachments shall be of approved fire-resisting materials of adequate strength and shall be constructed to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(b) Lubricating Oil Arrangements The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of oil used in pressure lubrication systems shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ships and persons on board, and such arrangements in machinery spaces of Category A and, whenever practicable, in other machinery spaces shall at least comply with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (ii), (iv) (2), (v), (vi) and (vii) of paragraph (a) of this Regulation.

(c) Arrangements for other Inflammable Oils The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of other inflammable oils employed under pressure in power transmission systems, control and activating systems and heating systems shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and persons on board. In locations where means of ignition are present such arrangements shall at least comply with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (a) (iv) (2) and (a) (vi), and with the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) (viii) in respect of strength and construction, of this Regulation.

Regulation 34: Special Arrangements in Machinery Spaces (a) The provisions of this Regulation shall apply to machinery spaces of Category A and, where the Administration considers it desirable, to other machinery spaces.

(b) (i) The number of skylights, doors, ventilators, openings in funnels to permit exhaust ventilation and other openings to machinery spaces shall be reduced to a minimum consistent with the needs of ventilation and the proper and safe working of the ship.

(ii) The flaps of such skylights where fitted shall be of steel.

Suitable arrangements shall be made to permit the release of smoke in the event of fire, from the space to be protected.

(iii) Such doors other than power-operated watertight doors shall be arranged so that positive closure is assured in case of fire in the space, by power-operated closing arrangements or by the provision of self-closing doors capable of closing against an inclination of 3 1/2 degrees opposing closure and having a fail-safe hook-back facility, provided with a remotely operated release device.

(c) Windows shall not be fitted in machinery space casings.

(d) Means of control shall be provided for: (i) opening and closure of skylights, closure of openings in funnels which normally allow exhaust ventilation, and closure of ventilator dampers; (ii) permitting the release of smoke; (iii) closure of power-operated doors or release mechanism on doors other than power-operated watertight doors; (iv) stopping ventilating fans; and (v) stopping forced and induced draught fans, oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unit pumps and other similar fuel pumps.

(e) The controls required for ventilating fans shall comply with the provisions of paragraph (f) of Regulation 25 of this Chapter. The controls for any required fixed fire-extinguishing system and those required by sub-paragraphs (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (v) of this Regulation and of sub-paragraph (a) (v) of Regulation 33 of this Chapter shall be situated at one control position, or grouped in as few positions as possible to the satisfaction of the Administration. Such position or positions shall be located where they will not be cut off in the event of fire in the space they serve, and shall have a safe access from the open deck.

PART C FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR PASSENGER SHIPS CARRYING NOT MORETHAN 36 PASSENGERS
Regulation 35: Structure (a) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material.

(b) Where fire protection in accordance with paragraph (b) of Regulation 40 of this Chapter is employed, the superstructure may be constructed of, for example, aluminium alloy, provided that: (i) for the temperature rise of the metallic cores of "A" Class divisions when exposed to the standard fire test, due regard is given to the mechanical properties of the material; (ii) the Administration is satisfied that the amount of combustible materials used in the relevant part of the ship is suitably reduced; the ceilings (i.e., linings of deck heads) are non-combustible; (iii) adequate provision is made to ensure that in the event of fire, arrangements for stowage, launching and embarkation into survival craft remain as effective as if the superstructure were constructed of steel; (iv) crowns and casings of boiler and machinery spaces are of steel construction adequately insulated, and the openings therein, if any, are suitably arranged and protected to prevent spread of fire.

Regulation 36: Main Vertical Zones.

(a) The hull, superstructure and deckhouses shall be subdivided into main vertical zones. Steps and recesses shall be kept to a minimum, but where they are necessary, they shall be of "A" Class divisions.

(b) As far as practicable, the bulkheads forming the boundaries of the main vertical zones above the bulkhead deck shall be in line with watertight subdivision bulkheads situated immediately below the bulkhead deck.

(c) Such bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or other boundaries.

(d) On ships designed for special purposes, such as automobile or railroad car ferries, where installation of such bulkheads would defeat the purpose for which the ship is intended, equivalent means for controlling and limiting a fire shall be substituted and specifically approved by the Administration.

Regulation 37: Openings in "A" Class Divisions (a) Where "A" Class divisions are pierced for the passage of electric cables, pipes, trunks, ducts, etc., for girders, beams or other structures, arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance is not impaired.

(b) Where of necessity, a duct passes through a main vertical zone bulkhead, a fail-safe automatic closing fire damper shall be fitted adjacent to the bulkhead. The damper shall also be capable of being manually closed from both sides of the bulkhead. The operating position shall be readily accessible and be marked in red light-reflecting colour.

The duct between the bulkhead and the damper shall be of steel or other equivalent material and, if necessary, to an insulating standard such as to comply with paragraph (a) of this Regulation. The damper shall be fitted on at least one side of the bulkhead with a visible indicator showing if the damper is in the open position.

(c) Except for hatches between cargo, store, and baggage spaces, and between such spaces and the weather decks, all openings shall be provided with permanently attached means of closing which shall be at least as effective for resisting fires as the divisions in which they are fitted.

(d) The construction of all doors and door frames in "A" Class divisions, with the means of securing them when closed, shall provide resistance to fire as well as to the passage of smoke and flame as far as practicable equivalent to that of the bulkheads in which the doors are situated. Watertight doors need not be insulated.

(e) It shall be possible for each door to be opened from either side of the bulkhead by one person only.

(f) Fire doors in main vertical zone bulkheads and stairway enclosures, other than power-operated watertight doors and those which are normally locked, shall be of the self-closing type capable of closing against an inclination of 3 1/2 degrees opposing closure. All such doors, except those that are normally closed, shall be capable of release from a control station, either simultaneously or in groups, and also individually from a position at the door. The release machanism shall be so designed that the door will automatically close in the event of disruption of the control system; however, approved power-operated watertight doors will be considered acceptable for this purpose. Hold-back hooks, not subject to control station release, will not be permitted. When double swing doors are permitted, they shall have a latch arrangement which is automatically engaged by the operation of the door release system.

Regulation 38: Fire Integrity of "A" Class Divisions Where "A" Class divisions are required under this Part, the Administration, in deciding the amount of insulation to be provided, shall be guided by the provisions of Part B of this Chapter, but may accept a reduction of the amount of insulation below that stipulated by that Part.

Regulation 39: Separation of Accommodation Spaces from Machinery,Cargo and Service Spaces The boundary bulkheads and decks separating accommodation spaces from machinery, cargo and service spaces shall be constructed of "A" Class divisions, and these bulkheads and decks shall have an insulation value to the satisfaction of the Administration having regard to the nature of the adjacent spaces.

Regulation 40: Protection of Accommodation and Service Spaces The accommodation and service spaces shall be protected in accordance with the provisions of either paragraph (a) or (b) of this Regulation.

(a) (i) Within the accommodation spaces, all enclosure bulkheads other than those required to be of "A" Class divisions, shall be constructed of "B" Class Divisions of non-combustible materials, which may, however, be faced with combustible materials in accordance with sup-paragraph (iii) of this paragraph.

(ii) All corridor bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck.

Ventilation openings may be permitted in the doors in "B" Class bulkheads, preferably in the lower portion. All other enclosure bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck vertically, and to the shell or other boundaries transversely, unless non-combustible ceilings or linings such as will ensure fire integrity are fitted, in which case the bulkheads may terminate at the ceilings or linings.

(iii) Except in cargo spaces, mail rooms, baggage rooms, or refrigerated compartments of service spaces, all linings, groups, ceilings and insulation's shall be of non-combustible materials. The total volume of combustible facings, mouldings, decorations and veneers in any accommodation or public space shall not exceed a volume equivalent to 2.54 millimetres (1/10 inch) veneer on the combined area of the walls and ceilings. All exposed surfaces in corridors or stairway enclosures and in concealed or inaccessible spaces shall have low flame-spread characteristics.* [* Reference is made to Guidelines on the Evaluation of Fire Hazard Properties of Materials, adopted by the Organization by Resolution A. 166 (ES. IV).] (b) (i) All corridor bulkheads in accommodation spaces shall be of steel or be constructed of "B" Class panels.

(ii) A fire detecting system of an approved type shall be installed and so arranged as to detect the presence of fire in all enclosed spaces appropriated to the use or service of passengers or crew (except spaces which afford no substantial fire hazard) and automatically to indicate at one or more points or stations where it can be most quickly observed by officers and crew, the presence or indication of fire and also its location.

Regulation 41: Deck Coverings* [* Reference is made to Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test Procedures for Primary Deck Coverings, adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.214 (VII).] Primary deck coverings within accommodation spaces, control stations, stairways and corridors shall be of approved material which will not readily ignite.

Regulation 42: Protection of Stairways and Lifts in Accommodationand Service Spaces (a) All stairways and means of escape in accommodation and service spaces shall be of steel or other suitable material.

(b) Passenger and service lift trunks, vertical trunks for light and air to passenger spaces, etc., shall be of "A" Class divisions. Doors shall be of steel or other equivalent material and when closed shall provide fire resistance at least as effective as the trunks in which they are fitted.

Regulation 43: Protection of Control Stations and Store-rooms (a) Control stations shall be separated from the remainder of the ship by "A" Class bulkheads and decks.

(b) The boundary bulkheads of baggage rooms, mail rooms, store-rooms, paint and lamp lockers, galleys and similar spaces shall be of "A" Class divisions. Spaces containing highly inflammable stores shall be so situated as to minimize the danger to passengers or crew in the event of fire.

Regulation 44: Windows and Sidescuttles (a) All windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads separating accommodation spaces from weather shall be constructed with frames of steel or other suitable materials. The glass shall be retained by a metal glazing bead.

(b) All windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads within accommodation spaces shall be constructed so as to preserve the integrity requirements of the type of bulkhead in which they are fitted.

Regulation 45: Ventilation Systems Power ventilation of machinery spaces shall be capable of being stooped from an easily accessible position outside the machinery spaces.

Regulation 46: Details of Construction (a) Paints, varnishes and similar preparations having a nitrocellulose or other highly inflammable base shall not be used in any part of the ship.

(b) Pipes penetrating "A" or "B" Class divisions shall be of a material approved by the Administration having regard to the temperature such divisions are required to withstand. Pipes conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of a material approved by the Administration having regard to the fire risk. Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which are close to the water-line and where the failure of the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.

(c) In spaces containing main propulsion machinery, or oil-fired boilers, or auxiliary internal combustion type machinery of total power output of 746 kW or over, the following measures shall be taken: (i) skylights shall be capable of being closed from outside the space; (ii) skylights containing glass panels shall be fitted with external shutters of steel or other equivalent material permanently attached; (iii) any window permitted by the Administration in casings of such spaces shall be of the non-opening type, and shall be fitted with an external shutter of steel or other equivalent material permanently attached; and (iv) in the windows and skylights referred to in sub-paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph, wire reinforced glass shall be used.

Regulation 47: Fire Detection Systems and Fire-Extinguishing Equ-ipment (a) Patrols and Detection (i) An efficient patrol system shall be maintained in all ships so that any outbreak of fire may be promptly detected. Manual fire alarms shall be fitted throughout the passenger and crew accommodation to enable the fire patrol to give an alarm immediately to the navigating bridge or fire control station.

(ii) An approved fire alarm or fire detecting system shall be provided with will automatically indicate at one or more suitable points or stations the presence or indication of fire and its location in any part of the ship which, in the opinion of the Administration, is not accessible to the patrol system, except where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration that the ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be unreasonable to apply this requirement.

(iii) The ship, whether new or existing, shall at all times when at sea, or in port (except when out of service), be so manned or equipped as to ensure that any initial fire alarm is immediately received by a responsible member of the crew.

(b) Fire Pumps and Fire Main System The ship shall be provided with fire pumps, fire main system, hydrants and hoses complying with Regulation 5 of this Chapter and with the following requirements: (i) A ship of 4,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least three independently driven fire pumps and every ship of less than 4,000 tons gross tonnage with at least two such fire pumps.

(ii) In a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards, the arrangement of sea connexions, pumps and sources of power for operating them shall be such as to ensure that a fire in any one compartment will not put all the fire pumps out of action.

(iii) In a ship of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage the arrangements shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(c) Fire Hydrants, Hoses and Nozzles (i) The ship shall be provided with such number of fire hoses as the Administration may deem sufficient. There shall be at least one fire hose for each of the hydrants required by paragraph (d) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter and these hoses shall be used only for the purposes of extinguishing fires or testing the fire-extinguishing apparatus at fire drills and surveys.

(ii) In accommodation, service and machinery spaces, the number and position of hydrants shall be such that the requirements of paragraph (d) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter may be complied with when all watertight doors and all doors in main vertical zone bulkheads are closed.

(iii) The arrangements shall be such that at least two jets of water can reach any part of any cargo space when empty.

(iv) All required hydrants in the machinery spaces of ships with oil-fired boilers or internal combustion type propelling machinery shall be fitted with hoses having nozzles as required in paragraph (g) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.

(d) International Shore Connexion (i) A ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least one international shore connexion, complying with paragraph (h) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.

(ii) Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be used on either side of the ship.

(e) Portable Fire Extinguishers in Accommodation and Service Spaces The ship shall be provided in accommodation and service spaces with such approved portable fire extinguishers as the Administration may deem to be appropriate and sufficient.

(f) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Cargo Spaces (i) The cargo spaces of ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be protected by a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system complying with Regulation 8 of this Chapter.

(ii) Where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration that a ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be unreasonable to apply the requirements of sub-paragraph (i) of this paragraph and also in ships of less than 1,000 tons gross tonnage, the arrangements in cargo spaces shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(g) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Boiler Rooms, etc.

Where main or auxiliary oil-fire boilers are situated, or in spaces containing oil fuel units or settling tanks, a ship shall be provided with the following arrangements: (i) There shall be any one of the following fixed fire-extinguishing installations: (1) a pressure water-spraying system complying with Regulation 11 of this Chapter; (2) a gas fire-extinguishing installation complying with Regulation 8 of this Chapter; (3) a fixed froth installation complying with Regulation 9 of this Chapter. (The Administration may require fixed or mobile arrangements by pressure water or froth spraying to fight fire above the floor plates.) In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine room bilges, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one compartment.

(ii) There shall be at least two approved portable extinguishers discharging froth or other approved medium suitable for extinguishing oil fires, in each firing space in each boiler room and each space in which a part of the oil fuel installation is situated. There shall be not less than one approved froth type extinguisher of at least 136 litres (30 gallons) capacity or equivalent in each boiler room. These extinguishers shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching any part of the boiler room and spaces containing any part of the oil fuel installations.

(iii) In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing sand, sawdust impregnated with soda or other approved dry material, in such quantity as may be required by the Administration. Alternatively an approved portable extinguisher may be substituted therefor.

(h) Fire-Fighting Appliances in Spaces containing Internal Combustion Type Machinery Where internal combustion type engines are used, either for main propulsion or for auxiliary purposes associated with a total power output of not less than 746 kW, a ship shall be provided with the following arrangements: (i) there shall be one of the fixed arrangements required by sub-paragraph (g) (i) of this Regulation; (ii) there shall be in each engine space one approved froth-type extinguisher of not less than 45 litres (10 gallons) capacity or equivalent and also one approved portable froth-type extinguisher for each 746 kW of engine power output or part thereof; but the total number of portable extinguishers so supplied shall be not less than two and need not exceed six.

(i) Fire-Fighting Arrangements in Spaces containing Steam Turbines and not requiring any Fixed Installation The Administration shall give special consideration to the fire-extinguishing arrangements to be provided in spaces containing steam turbines which are separated from boiler rooms by watertight bulkheads.

(j) Fireman's Outfits and Personal Equipment (i) The minimum number of fireman's outfits complying with the requirements of Regulation 14 of this Chapter, and of additional sets of personal equipment, each such set comprising the items stipulated in subparagraphs (a)(i), (ii) and (iii) of that Regulation, to be carried, shall be as follows: (1) two fireman's outfits; and in addition (2) for every 80 metres (262 feet) or part thereof, of the aggregate of the lengths of all passenger spaces and service spaces on the deck which carries such spaces or, if there is more than one such deck, on the deck which has the largest aggregate of such lengths, two fireman's outfits and two sets of personal equipment, each such set comprising the items stipulated in Regulation 14 (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) of this Chapter.

(ii) For each fireman's outfit which includes a self-contained breathing apparatus as provided in paragraph (b) of Regulation 14 of this Chapter, spare charges shall be carried on a scale approved by the Administration.

(iii) Fireman's outfits and sets of personal equipment shall be stored in widely separated positions ready for use. At least two fireman's outfits and one set of personal equipment shall be available at any one position.

Regulation 48: Means of Escape (a) In and from all passenger and crew spaces and spaces in which crew are normally employed, other than machinery spaces, stairways and ladderways shall be arranged so as to provide ready means of escape to the lifeboat embarkation deck. In particular the following precautions shall be complied with: (i) below the bulkhead deck, two means of escape, at least one of which shall be independent of watertight doors, shall be provided for each watertight compartment or similarly restricted space or group of spaces.

One of these means of escape may be dispensed with by the Administration, due regard being paid to the nature and the location of spaces concerned, and to the number of persons who normally might be quartered or employed there; (ii) above the bulkhead deck, there shall be at least two practical means of escape from each main vertical zone or similarly restricted space or group of spaces at least one of which shall give access to a stairway forming a vertical escape; and (iii) at least one of the means of escape shall be by means of a readily accessible enclosed stairway, which shall provide as far as practicable continuous fire shelter from the level of its origin to the lifeboat embarkation deck. The width, number and continuity of the stairways shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(b) In machinery spaces, two means of escape, one of which may be a watertight door, shall be provided from each engine room, shaft tunnel and boiler room. In machinery spaces, where no watertight door is available, the two means of escape shall be formed by two sets of steel ladders as widely separated as possible leading to doors in the casing similarly separated and from which access is provided to the embarkation deck. In the case of ships of less than 2,000 tons gross tonnage, the Administration may dispense with this requirement, due regard being paid to the width and the disposition of the casing.

Regulation 49: Oil Fuel used for Internal Combustion Engines No internal combustion engine shall be used for any fixed installation in a ship if its fuel has a flashpoint of 43 ¡æ (110 ¡ãF) or less (closed cup test) as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus.

Regulation 50: Special Arrangements in Machinery Spaces (a) Means shall be provided for stopping ventilating fans serving machinery and cargo spaces and for closing all doorways, ventilators, annular spaces around funnels and other openings to such spaces. These means shall be capable of being operated from outside such spaces in case of fire.

(b) Machinery driving forced and induced draught fans, oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unit pumps and other similar fuel pumps shall be fitted with remote controls situated outside the space concerned so that they may be stopped in the event of a fire arising in the space in which they are located.

(c) Every oil fuel suction pipe from a storage, settling or daily service tank situated above the double bottom shall be fitted with a cock or valve capable of being closed from outside the space concerned in the event of a fire arising in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special case of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel, valves on the tanks shall be fitted but control in event of fire may be effected by means of an additional valve on the pipeline or lines outside the tunnel or tunnels.

PART D FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR CARGO SHIPS* [* See IMCO Recommendations concerning Fire Safety Requirements for Cargo Ships contained in Resolution A. 327 (IX) of November 12, 1975 as well as Resolution A. 417 (XI) of November 15, 1979 reproduced after the Convention.] Regulation 51: General Requirements for Cargo Ships of 4,000 tonsGross Tonnage and Up-wards other than Tankers Covered by Part E of thisChapter (a) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses shall be constructed of steel, except where the Administration may sanction the use of other suitable material in special cases, having in mind the risk of fire.

(b) In accommodation spaces, the corridor bulkheads shall be of steel or be constructed of "B" Class panels.

(c) Deck coverings within accommodation spaces on the decks forming the crown of machinery and cargo spaces shall be of a type which will not readily ignite.

(d) Interior stairways below the weather deck shall be of steel or other suitable material. Crew lift trunks within accommodation shall be of steel or equivalent material.

(e) Bulkheads of galleys, paint stores, lamp rooms, boatswain's stores when adjacent to accommodation spaces and emergency generator rooms if any, shall be of steel or equivalent material.

(f) In accommodation and machinery spaces, paints, varnishes and similar preparations having a nitrocellulose or other highly inflammable base shall not be used.

(g) Pipes conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of a material approved by the Administration having regard to the fire risk. Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which are close to the water-line and where the failure of the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.

(h) Power ventilation of machinery spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily accessible position outside the machinery spaces.

Regulation 52: Fire-Extinguishing Systems and Equipment (a) Application Where ships have a lower gross tonnage than those quoted in this Regulation the arrangements for the items covered in this Regulation shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(b) Fire Pumps and Fire Main System The ship shall be provided with fire pumps, fire main system, hydrants and hoses complying with Regulation 5 of this Chapter and with the following requirements: (i) A ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with two independently driven power pumps.

(ii) In a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards if a fire in any one compartment could put all the pumps out of action, there must be an alternative means of providing water for fire fighting. In s ship of 2,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards this alternative means shall be a fixed emergency pump independently driven. This emergency pump shall be capable of supplying two jets of water to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(c) Fire Hydrants, Hoses and Nozzles (i) In a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards the number of fire hoses to be provided, each complete with couplings and nozzles, shall be one for each 30 metres (100 feet) length of the ship and one spare but in no case less than five in all. This number does not include any hoses required in any engine or boiler room. The Administration may increase the number of the hoses required so as to ensure that hoses in sufficient number are available and accessible at all times, having regard to the type of the ship and the nature of the trade on which the ship is employed.

(ii) In accommodation, service and machinery spaces, the number and position of hydrants shall be such as to comply with the requirements of paragraph (d) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.

(iii) In a ship the arrangements shall be such that at least two jets of water can reach any part of any cargo space when empty.

(iv) All required hydrants in the machinery spaces of ships with oil-fired boilers or internal combustion type propelling machinery shall be fitted with hoses having nozzles as required in paragraph (g) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.

(d) International Shore Connexion (i) A ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least one international shore connexion, complying with paragraph (h) of Regulation 5 of this Chapter.

(ii) Facilities shall be available enabling such a connexion to be used on either side of the ship.

(e) Portable Fire Extinguishers in Accommodation and Service Spaces The ship shall be provided in accommodation and service spaces with such approved portable fire extinguishers as the Administration may deem to be appropriate and sufficient; in any case, their number shall not be less than five for ships of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards.

(f) Fixed Fire-Extinguishing Arrangements in Cargo Spaces (i) Cargo spaces of ships of 2,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be protected by a fixed fire-extinguishing system complying with Regulation 8 of this Chapter.

(ii) The Administration may exempt from the requirements of sub-paragraph (i) of this paragraph the cargo holds of any ship (other than the tanks of a tanker): (1) if they are provided with steel hatch covers and effective means of closing all ventilators and other openings leading to the holds; (2) if the ship is constructed and intended solely for carrying such cargoes as ore, coal or grain; or (3) where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration that the ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be unreasonable to apply the requirement.

(iii) Every ship in addition to complying with the requirements of this Regulation shall, while carrying explosives of such nature or in such quantity as are not permitted to be carried in passenger ships under Regulation 7 of Chapter VII of this Convention comply with the following requirements: (1) Steam shall not be used in any compartment containing explosives. For the purpose of this sub-paragraph, "compartment" means all spaces contained between two adjacent permanent bulkheads and includes the lower hold and all cargo spaces above it.

(2) In addition, in each compartment containing explosives and in adjacent cargo compartments, there shall be provided a smoke or fire-detection system in each cargo space.

(g) Fire-Extinguishing Appliances in Boiler Rooms, etc.

Where main or auxiliary oil-fired boilers are situated, or in spaces containing oil fuel units or settling tanks, a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with the following arrangements: (i) There shall be any one the following fixed fire-extinguishing installations: (1) A pressure water-spraying system complying with Regulation 11 of this Chapter.

(2) A fire-extinguishing installation complying with Regulation 8 of this Chapter.

(3) A fixed froth installation complying with Regulation 9 of this Chapter. (The Administration may require fixed or mobile arrangements by pressure water or froth spraying to fight fire above the floor plates.) In each case if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine room bilges, the combined engine and boiler rooms shall be considered as one compartment.

(ii) There shall be at least two approved portable extinguishers discharging froth or other approved medium suitable for extinguishing oil fires in each firing space in each boiler room and each space in which a part of the oil fuel installation is situated. In addition, there shall be at least one extinguisher of the same description with a capacity of 9 litres (2 gallons) for each burner, provided that the total capacity of the additional extinguisher, or extinguishers need not exceed 45 litres (10 gallons) for any one boiler room.

(iii) In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing sand, sawdust impregnated with soda, or other approved dry material in such quantity as may be required by the Administration. Alternatively an approved portable extinguisher may be substituted therefor.

(h) Fire-Fighting Appliances in Spaces containing Internal Combustion Type Machinery Where internal combustion type engines are used, either for main propulsion machinery, or for auxiliary purposes associated with a total power output of not less than 746 kW, a ship of 1,000 tons gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with the following arrangements: (i) There shall be one of the fixed arrangement required by sub-paragraph (g) (i) of this Regulation.

(ii) There shall be in each engine space one approved froth-type extinguisher of not less than 45 litres (10 gallons) capacity or equivalent and also one approved portable froth extinguisher for each 746 kW of engine power output or part thereof; but the total number of portable extinguishers so supplied shall be not less than two and need not exceed six.

(i) Fire-Fighting Arrangements in Spaces containing Steam Turbines and not requiring any Fixed Installation The Administration shall given special consideration to the fire-extinguishing arrangements to be provided in spaces containing steam turbines which are separated from boiler rooms by watertight bulkheads.

(j) Fireman's Outfits and Personal Equipment (i) The ship, whether new or existing, shall carry at least two fireman's outfits complying with the requirements of Regulation 14 of this Chapter. Furthermore, Administrations may require in large ships additional sets of personal equipment and in tankers and special ships such as factory ships additional fireman's outfits.

(ii) For each fireman's outfit which includes a self-contained breathing apparatus as provided in paragraph (b) of Regulation 14 of this Chapter, spare charges shall be carried on a scale approved by the Administration.

(iii) The fireman's outfits and personal equipment shall be stored so as to be easily accessible and ready for use and, where more than one fireman's outfit and set of personal equipment are carried, they shall be stored in widely separated positions.

Regulation 53: Means of Escape (a) In and from all crew and passenger spaces and spaces in which crew are normally employed, other than machinery spaces, stairways and ladders shall be arranged so as to provide ready means of escape to the lifeboat embarkation deck.

(b) In machinery spaces, two means of escape, one of which may be a watertight door, shall be provided from each engine room, shaft tunnel and boiler room. In machinery spaces, where no watertight door is available, the two means of escape shall be formed by two sets of steel ladders as widely separated as possible leading to doors in the casing similarly separated and from which access is provided to the embarkation deck. In the case of ships of less than 2,000 tons gross tonnage, the Administration may dispense with this requirement, due regard being paid to the width and the disposition of the casing. Regulation 54: Special Arrangements in Machinery Spaces (a) Means shall be provided for stopping ventilating fans serving machinery and cargo spaces and for closing all doorways, ventilators, annular spaces around funnels and other openings to such spaces. These means shall be capable of being operated from outside such spaces in case of fire.

(b) Machinery driving forced and induced draught fans, oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unit pumps and other similar fuel pumps shall be fitted with remote controls situated outside the space concerned so that they may be stopped in the event of a fire arising in the space in which they are located.

(c) Every oil fuel suction pipe from a storage, settling or daily service tank situated above the double bottom shall be fitted with a cock or valve capable of being closed from outside the space concerned in the event of a fire arising in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special case of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel, valves on the tanks shall be fitted but control in event of fire may be effected by means of an additional valve on the pipeline or lines outside the tunnel or tunnels.

PART E FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR TANKERS
Regulation 55: Application (a) This Part shall apply to all new tankers carrying crude oil and petroleum products having a flashpoint not exceeding 60 ¡æ (140 ¡ãF) (closed cup test) as determined by an approved flashpoint apparatus and whose Reid vapour pressure is below that of atmospheric pressure, and other liquid products having a similar fire hazard.

(b) In addition, all ships covered by this Part shall comply with the requirements of Regulations 52, 53 and 54 of this Chapter, except that paragraph (f) of Regulation 52 need not apply to tankers complying with Regulation 60 of this Chapter.

(c) Where cargoes other than those referred to in paragraph (a) of this Regulation which introduce additional fire hazards are intended to be carried, additional safety measures shall be required to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(d) Combination carriers shall not carry solid cargoes unless all cargo tanks are empty of oil and gas freed or unless, in each case, the Administration is satisfied with the arrangements provided.

Regulation 56: Location and Separation of Spaces (a) Machinery spaces of Category A shall be positioned aft of cargo tanks and slop tanks and shall be isolated from them by a cofferdam, cargo pump room or oil fuel bunker tank; they shall also be situated aft of such cargo pump rooms and cofferdams, but not necessarily aft of the oil fuel bunker tanks. However, the lower portion of the pump room may be recessed into such spaces to accommodate pumps provided the deck head of the recess is in general not more than one-third of the moulded depth above the keel except that in the case of ships of not more than 25,000 metric tons deadweight, where it can be demonstrated that for reasons of access and satisfactory piping arrangements this is impracticable, the Administration may permit a recess in excess of such height, but not exceeding one half of the moulded depth above the keel.

(b) Accommodation spaces, main cargo control stations, control stations and service spaces shall be positioned aft of all cargo tanks, slop tanks, cargo pump rooms and cofferdams which isolate cargo or slop tanks from machinery spaces of Category A. Any common bulkhead separating a cargo pump room, including the pump room entrance, from accommodation and service spaces and control stations shall be constructed to "A-60" Class. Where deemed necessary, accommodation spaces, control stations, machinery spaces other than those of Category A and service spaces may be permitted forward of all cargo tanks, slop tanks, cargo pump rooms and cofferdams subject to an equivalent standard of safety and appropriate availability of fire-extinguishing arrangements being provided to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(c) Where the fitting of a navigation position above the cargo tank area is shown to be necessary it shall be for navigation purposes only and it shall be separated from the cargo tank deck by means of an open space with a height of at least 2 metres. The fire protection of such navigation position shall in addition be as required for control spaces as set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of Regulation 57 and other provisions as applicable of this Part.

(d) Means shall be provided to keep deck spills away from the accommodation and service areas. This may be accomplished by provision of a permanent continuous coaming of a suitable height extending from side to side. Special consideration shall be given to the arrangements associated with stern loading.

(e) Exterior boundaries of superstructures and deckhouses enclosing accommodation and service spaces and including any overhanging decks which support such accommodation, shall be insulated to "A-60" Class for the whole of the portions which face cargo oil tanks and for 3 metres aft of the front boundary. In the case of the sides of these superstructures and deckhouses, such insulation shall be carried as high as is deemed necessary by the Administration.

(f) In boundaries, facing cargo tanks, of superstructures and deckhouses containing accommodation and service spaces the following provisions shall apply: (i) No doors shall be permitted in such boundaries, except that doors to those spaces not having access to accommodation and service spaces, such as cargo control stations, provision rooms, and storerooms may be permitted by the Administration. Where such doors are fitted, the boundaries of the space shall be insulated to "A-60" Class. Bolted plates for removal of machinery may be fitted in such boundaries.

(ii) Portlights in such boundaries shall be of a fixed (non-opening) type. Pilot house windows may be non-fixed (opening).

(iii) Portlights in the first tier on the main deck shall be fitted with inside covers of steel or equivalent material.

The requirements of this paragraph, where applicable, except in the case of access to the navigating bridge spaces, shall also be applied to the boundaries of the superstructures and deckhouses for a distance of 5 metres measured longitudinally from the forward end of such structures.

Regulation 57: Construction (a) (i) The hull, superstructure, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material.

(ii) Bulkheads between cargo pump rooms, including their trunks and machinery spaces of Category A shall be "A" Class and shall have no penetrations which are less than "A-0" Class or equivalent in all respects, other than the cargo pump shaft glands and similar glanded penetrations.

(iii) Bulkheads and decks forming divisions separating machinery spaces of Category A and cargo pump rooms, including their trunks, respectively, from the accommodation and service spaces shall be of "A-60" Class. Such bulkheads and decks and any boundaries of machinery spaces of Category A and cargo pump rooms shall not be pierced for windows or portlights.

(iv) The requirements of sub-paragraphs (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph, however, do not preclude the installation of permanent approved gas-tight lighting enclosures for illuminating the pump rooms provided that they are of adequate strength and maintain the integrity and gas-tightness of the bulkhead as "A" Class. Further, it does not preclude the use of windows in a control room located entirely within a machinery space.

(v) Control stations shall be separated from adjacent enclosed spaces by means of "A" Class bulkheads and decks. The insulation of these control station boundaries shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration having in mind the risk of fire in adjacent spaces.

(vi) Casing doors in machinery spaces of Category A shall be self-closing and comply with the related provisions of sub-paragraph (b) (vii) of this Regulation.

(vii) The surface of the insulation on interior boundaries of machinery spaces of Category A shall be impervious to oil and oil vapours.

(viii) Primary deck coverings, if applied, shall be of approved materials which will not readily ignite.* [* Reference is made to Improved Provisional Guidelines on Test Procedures for Primary Deck Coverings adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.214 (VII).] (ix) Interior stairways shall be of steel or other suitable material.

(x) When adjacent to accommodation spaces, bulkheads of galleys, paint stores, lamp rooms and boatswain's stores shall be of steel or equivalent material.

(xi) Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior surfaces shall not be of a nature to offer an undue fire hazard in the judgement of the Administration and shall not be capable of producing excessive quantities of smoke or other toxic properties.

(xii) Pipes conveying oil or combustible liquids shall be of a material approved by the Administration having regard to the fire risk.

Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers, sanitary discharges, and other outlets which are close to the water-line and where the failure of the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.

(xiii) Power ventilation of machinery spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily accessible position outside the machinery spaces.

(xiv) Skylights to machinery spaces of Category A and cargo pump rooms shall comply with the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) (iii) of this Regulation in respect of windows and portlights and in addition shall be so arranged as to be capable of being readily closed from outside the spaces which they serve.

(b) Within the accommodation and service spaces and control stations the following conditions shall apply: (i) Corridor bulkheads including doors shall be of "A" or "B" Class divisions extending from deck to deck. Where continuous "B" Class ceilings and/or linings are fitted on both sides of the bulkhead, the bulkhead may terminate at the continuous ceiling or lining. Doors of cabins and public spaces in such bulkheads may have a louvre in the lower half.

(ii) Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panelings, or linings shall be divided by close fitting draught stops spaced not more than 14 metres apart.

(iii) Ceilings, linings, bulkheads and insulation except for insulation in refrigerated compartments shall be of non-combustible material. Vapour barriers and adhesives used in conjunction with insulation, as well as insulation of pipe fittings for cold service systems need not be non-combustible, but they shall be kept to the minimum quantity practicable and their exposed surfaces shall have resistance to propagation of flame to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(iv) The framing, including grounds and the joint pieces of bulkheads, linings, ceilings and draught stops, if fitted, shall be of non-combustible material.

(v) All exposed surfaces in corridors and stairway enclosures and surfaces in concealed or inaccessible spaces shall have low flame-spread characteristics.** [** Reference is made to Guidelines on the Evaluation of Fire Hazard Properties of Materials, adopted by the Organization by Resolution A.166 (ES. IV).] (vi) Bulkheads, linings and ceilings may have combustible veneer, provided that such veneer shall not exceed 2 millimetres within any such space except corridors, stairway enclosures and control stations where it shall not exceed 1.5 millimetres.

(vii) Stairways which penetrate only a single deck shall be protected at least at one level by "A" or "B" Class divisions and self-closing doors so as to limit the rapid spread of fire from one deck to another. Crew lift trunks shall be of "A" Class divisions. Stairways and lift trunks which penetrate more than a single deck shall be surrounded by "A" Class divisions and protected by self-closing steel doors at all levels. Self-Closing doors shall not be fitted with hold-back hooks. However, hold-back arrangements fitted with remote release fittings of the fail-safe type may be utilized.

(c) Ducts provided for ventilation of machinery spaces of Category "A" shall not in general pass through accommodation and service spaces or control stations, except that the Administration may permit relaxation from this requirement provided that: (i) the ducts are constructed of steel and each is insulated to "A-60" Class; or (ii) the ducts are constructed of steel and are fitted with an automatic fire damper close to the boundary penetrated and are insulated to "A-60" Class from the machinery space of Category A to a point at least 5 metres beyond the fire damper.

(d) Ducts provided for ventilation of accommodation and service spaces or control stations shall not in general pass through machinery spaces of Category A except that the Administration may permit relaxation from this requirement provided that ducts are constructed of steel and an automatic fire damper is fitted close to the boundaries penetrated.

Regulation 58: Ventilation (a) The arrangement and positioning of openings in the cargo tank deck from which gas emission can occur shall be such as to minimize the possibility of gas being admitted to enclosed spaces containing a source of ignition, or collecting in the vicinity of deck machinery and equipment which may constitute an ignition hazard. In every case the height of the outlet above the deck and the discharge velocity of the gas shall be considered in conjunction with the distance of any outlet from any deckhouse opening or source of ignition.

(b) The arrangement of ventilation inlets and outlets and other deckhouse and superstructure boundary space openings shall be such as to complement the provisions of paragraph (a) of this Regulation. Such vents especially for machinery spaces shall be situated as far aft as practicable. Due consideration in this regard should be given when the ship is equipped to load or discharge at the stern. Sources of ignition such as electrical equipment shall be so arranged as to avoid an explosion hazard.

(c) Cargo pump rooms shall be machanically ventilated and discharges from the exhaust fans shall be led to a safe place on the open deck. The ventilation of these rooms shall have sufficient capacity to minimize the possibility of accumulation of inflammable vapours. The number of changes of air shall be at least 20 times per hour, based upon the gross volume of the space. The air ducts shall be arranged so that all of the space is effectively ventilated. The ventilation shall be of the suction type.

Regulation 59: Means of Escape In addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of Regulation 53 of this Chapter, consideration shall be given by the Administration to the availability of emergency means of escape for personnel from each cabin.

Regulation 60: Cargo Tank Protection (a) For tankers of 100,000 metric tons deadweight and upwards and combination carriers of 50,000 metric tons deadweight and upwards, the protection of the cargo tanks deck area and cargo tanks shall be achieved by a fixed deck froth system and a fixed inert gas system in accordance with the requirements of Regulation 61 and 62 of this Part except that in lieu of the above installations the Administration, after having given consideration to the ship arrangement and equipment, may accept other combinations of fixed installations if they afford protection equivalent to the above, in accordance with Regulation 5 of Chapter I of this Convention.

(b) To be considered equivalent, the system proposed in lieu of the deck froth system shall: (i) be capable of extinguishing spill fires and also preclude ignition of spilled oil not yet ignited; and (ii) be capable of combating fires in ruptured tanks.

(c) To be considered equivalent, the system proposed in lieu of the fixed inert gas system shall: (i) be capable of preventing dangerous accumulations of explosive mixtures in intact cargo tanks during normal service throughout the ballast voyage and necessary in-tank operations; and (ii) be so designed as to minimize the risk of ignition from the generation of static electricity by the system itself.

(d) In tankers of less than 100,000 metric tons deadweight and combination carriers of less than 50,000 metric tons deadweight the Administration, in applying the requirements of paragraph (f) of Regulation 52 of this Chapter, may accept a froth system, capable of discharging froth internally or externally, to the tanks. The details of such installation shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 61: Fixed Deck Froth System The Fixed deck froth system referred to in paragraph (a) of Regulation 60 of this Chapter shall be designed as follows: (a) The arrangements for providing froth shall be capable of delivering froth to the entire cargo tank area as well as into any cargo tank, the deck of which has been ruptured.

(b) The system shall be capable of simple and rapid operation. The main control station for the system shall be suitably located outside of the cargo tank area, adjacent to the accommodation spaces and readily accessible and operable in the event of fire in the areas protected.

(c) The rate of supply of froth solution shall be not less than the greater of the following: (i) 0.6 litres per minute per square metre of the cargo deck area, where cargo deck area means the maximum breadth of the ship times the total longitudinal extent of the cargo tank spaces, or (ii) 6 litres per minute per square metre of the horizontal sectional area of the single tank having the largest such area.

Sufficient froth concentrate shall be supplied to ensure at least 20 minutes of froth generation when using solution rates stipulated in sub-paragraph (i) or (ii) of this paragraph, whichever is the greater. The froth expansion ratio (i.e., the ratio of the volume of froth produced to the volume of the mixture of water and froth-making concentrate supplied) shall not generally exceed 12 to 1. Where systems essentially produce low expansion froth but at an expansion ratio slightly in excess of 12 to 1, the quantity of froth solution available shall be calculated as for 12 to 1 expansion ratio systems. When medium expansion ratio froth (between 50 to 1 and 150 to 1 expansion ratio) is employed the application rate of the froth and the capacity of a monitor installation shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

(d) Froth from the fixed froth system shall be supplied by means of monitors and froth applicators. At least 50 per cent of the required froth rate shall be delivered from each monitor.

(e) (i) The number and position of monitors shall be such as to comply with paragraph (a) of this Regulation. The capacity of any monitor in litres per minute of froth solution shall be at least three times the deck area in square metres protected by that monitor, such area being entirely forward of the monitor.

(ii) The distance from the monitor to the farthest extremity of the protected area forward of that monitor shall not be more than 75 per cent of the monitor throw in still air conditions.

(f) A monitor and hose connexion for a froth applicator shall be situated both port and starboard at the poop front or accommodation spaces facing the cargo deck. Applicators shall be provided for flexibility of action during fire-fighting operations and to cover areas screened from the monitors.

(g) Valves shall be provided in both the froth main and the fire main immediately forward of every monitor position to isolate damaged sections of these mains.

(h) Operation of a deck froth system at its required output shall permit the simultaneous use of the minimum required number of jets of water at the required pressure from the fire main.

Regulation 62: Inert Gas System The inert gas system referred to in paragraph (a) of Regulation 60 of this Chapter shall be capable of providing on demand a gas or mixture of gases to the cargo tanks so deficient in oxygen that the atmosphere within a tank may be rendered inert, i.e., incapable of propagating flame. Such a system shall satisfy the following conditions: (a) The need for fresh air to enter a tank during normal operations shall be eliminated, except when preparing a tank for entry by personnel.

(b) Empty tanks shall be capable of being purged with inert gas to reduce the hydrocarbon content of a tank after discharge of cargo.

(c) The washing of tanks shall be capable of being carried out in an inert atmosphere.

(d) During cargo discharge, the system shall be such as to ensure that the volume of gas referred to in paragraph (f) of this Regulation is available. At other times sufficient gas to ensure compliance with paragraph (g) of this Regulation shall be continuously available.

(e) Suitable means for purging the tanks with fresh air as well as with inert gas shall be provided.

(f) The system shall be capable of supplying inert gas at a rate of at least 125 per cent of the maximum rated capacity of the cargo pumps.

(g) Under normal running conditions, when tanks are being filled or have been filled with inert gas, a positive pressure shall be capable of being maintained at the tank.

(h) Exhaust gas outlets for purging shall be suitable located in the open air and shall be to the same general requirements as prescribed for ventilating outlets of tanks, referred to in paragraph (a) of Regulation 58 of this Chapter.

(i) A scrubber shall be provided which will effectively cool the gas and remove solids and sulphur combustion products.

(j) At least two fans (blowers) shall be provided which together shall be capable of delivering at least the amount of gas stipulated in paragraph (f) of this Regulation.

(k) The oxygen content in the inert gas supply shall not normally exceed 5 per cent by volume.

(l) Means shall be provided to prevent the return of hydrocarbon gases or vapours from the tanks to the machinery spaces and uptakes and prevent the development of excessive pressure or vacuum. In addition, an effective water lock shall be installed at the scrubber or on deck. Branch piping for inert gas shall be fitted with stop valves or equivalent means of control at every tank. The system shall be so designed as to minimize the risk of ignition from the generation of static electricity.

(m) Instrumentation shall be fitted for continuously indicating and permanently recording at all times when inert gas is being supplied the pressure and oxygen content of the gas in the inert gas supply main on the discharge side of the fan. Such instrumentation should preferably be placed in the cargo control room if fitted but in any case shall be easily accessible to the officer in charge of cargo operations. Portable instruments suitable for measuring oxygen and hydrocarbon gases or vapour and the necessary tank fittings shall be provided for monitoring the tank contents.

(n) Means for indicating the temperature and pressure of the inert gas main shall be provided.

(o) Alarms shall be provided to indicate: (i) high oxygen content of gas in the inert gas main; (ii) low gas pressure in the inert gas main; (iii) low pressure in the supply to the deck water seal, if such equipment is installed; (iv) high temperature of gas in the inert gas main; and (v) low water pressure to the scrubber and automatic shut-downs of the system shall be arranged on predetermined limits being reached in respect of sub-paragraphs (iii), (iv) and (v) of this paragraph.

(p) The master of any ship equipped with an inert gas system shall be provided with an instruction manual covering operational, safety and occupational health requirements relevant to the system.

Regulation 63: Cargo Pump Room Each cargo pump room shall be provided with a fixed fire-fighting system operated from a readily accessible position outside the pump room.

The system shall use water-spray or another suitable medium satisfactory to the Administration.

Regulation 64: Hose Nozzles All hose water nozzles provided shall be of an approved dual purpose type (i.e. spray/jet type) incorporating a shut-off.

PART F SPECIAL FIRE SAFETY MEASURES FOR EXISTING PASSENGER SHIPS (For the purposes of this Part of this Chapter, all references to Regulation... (1948) mean references to Regulations of Chapter II of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1948. and all references to Regulation...(1960) mean, unless otherwise stated, references to Regulations of Chapter II of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1960).

Regulation 65: application Any passenger ship carrying more than 36 passengers shall at least comply as follows: (a) A ship, the keel of which was laid before November 19, 1952, shall comply with the provisions of Regulations 66 to 85 inclusive of this Part.

(b) A ship, the keel of which was laid on or after November 19, 1952 but before May 26, 1965, shall comply with the provisions of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1948, relating to the fire safety measures applicable in that Convention to new ships and shall also comply with the provisions of Regulations 68 (b) and (c), 75, 77(b), 78, 80(b), 81(b) to (g), 84 and 85 of this Part.

(c) A ship, the keel of which was laid on or after May 26, 1965, but before the present Convention comes into force, shall, unless it complies with Parts A and B of this Chapter, comply with the provisions of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1960 relating to the fire safety measures applicable in that Convention to new ships and shall also comply with Regulations 68(b) and (c), 80(b), 81(b), (c) and (d) and 85 of this Part.

Regulation 66: Structure The structural components shall be of steel or other suitable material in compliance with Regulation 27 (1948), except that isolated deckhouses containing no accommodation and decks exposed to the weather may be of wood if structural fire protection measures are taken to the satisfaction of the Administration.

Regulation 67: Main Vertical Zones The ship shall be subdivided by "A" Class divisions into main vertical zones in compliance with Regulation 28 (1948). Such divisions shall have as far as practicable adequate insulating value, taking into account the nature of the adjacent spaces as provided for in Regulation 26 (c) (iv) (1948).

Regulation 68: Openings in Main Vertical Zone Bulkheads (a) The ship shall comply substantially with Regulation 29 (1948).

(b) Fire doors shall be of steel or equivalent material with or without non-combustible insulation.

(c) In the case of ventilation trunks and ducts having a cross-sectional area of 0.02 square metres (31 square inches) or more which pass through main zone divisions, the following additional provisions shall apply: (i) for trunks and ducts having cross-sectional areas between 0.02 square metres (31 square inches) and 0.075 square metres (116 square inches) inclusive, fire dampers shall be of a fail-safe automatic closing type, or such trunks and ducts shall be insulated for at least 457 millimetres (18 inches) on each side of the division to meet the applicable bulkhead requirements; (ii) for trunks and ducts having a cross-sectional area exceeding 0.075 square metres (116 square inches), fire dampers shall be of a fail-safe automatic closing type.

Regulation 69: Separation of Accommodation Spaces from Machinery,Cargo and Service Spaces The ship shall comply with Regulation 31 (1948).

Regulation 70: Application relative to Methods I, II and III

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