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History Hangzhou

Hangzhou is famous historical and cultural city in China, reputed as one of the 7 major ancient capitals in the Chinese history.
Hangzhou has a long history and it has been found that fifty thousand years ago the "Jiande people", one of the ancient homo sapiens, lived in this area. In the late Neolithic Period more than five thousand years ago, ancestors of Hangzhou people inhabited the area around the Liangzhu, the northern suburb of the city, and were engaged in primitive agriculture, livestock raising, fishing and hunting. From the Spring and

Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, the area was occupied as the territory of Wu, Yue and Chu successively. When Emperor Qin Shihuang defeated all the princes and unified China, this area was established as Qiantang County. The name was changed to Hangzhou during the reign of Emperor Sui Kaihuang and lasted to this day.
Hangzhou History

Established as capital in the periods of the Five Dynasties and the Southern Song Dynasty, and lasting for more than 200 years,Hangzhou saw its height of power and splendor in its history, and was called the "first city in the Southeast China". During the period of Yuan Dynasty, Hangzhou was established as a town of strategic importance, with flourishing economy and beautiful scenery, being, in the words of the Italian traveler Marco Polo, the "most beautiful and luxurious city in the world". In the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hangzhou was still leading the way in economic, social and cultural development in China.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Hangzhou became the capital of Zhejiang Province, functioning as the political, economic and cultural center, as well as a transportation hub in the province. With the renowned sight-seeing spot, West Lake, being trimmed and harnessed on an unprecedented scale, Hangzhou has become a famous city for scenery tourism in the world.

Geography Hangzhou

Hangzhou Geography
Located in the south of Yangtse River Delta, on the northern bank of the lower reach of the Qiantang River, Hangzhou is at the southern end of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, with its center lying 30.15 degrees north latitude and 120.16 degrees east longitude. In southwest Hangzhou there is a foothill, joined by the undulated Tianmu Mountains, with an altitude generally lower than 500 meters. The northeastern part of the city is flat, with an altitude of 3 to 10 meters.

Hangzhou has 6 urban districts: Shangcheng, Xiacheng, Jianggan, Gongshu, West Lake, Banshan; and 7 suburban counties: Xiaoshan, Fuyang, Yuhang, Tonglu, Lin'an, Jiande, Chun'an, with an area of more than 16 thousand sq.km.

Climate Hangzhou

Located in the joint of the middle and north semitropical area, Hangzhou has a warm and humid climate with distinct four seasons, sufficient sunshine and plenty of rainfall. The annual mean temperature is 16.2?, 28.6? in summer and 3.8? in winter. The frost-free period lasts 230 to 260 days. The annual mean precipitation is 1,435 mm and the annual mean relative humidity is 76%.
Hangzhou Climate

Annual Climate of Hangzhou City

Economy Hangzhou

Hangzhou Economy
The economy of Hangzhou has developed consistently and rapidly. Its general economic strength is one of the top ten in China and its GDP is No.2 among the provincial capitals in China. In 1998, the GDP of Hangzhou was 113.5 billion. Computed according to comparable prices, it had a growth of 11.2 percent,

compared with the previous year. GDP per capita reached 18.6 thousand yuan, which was more than $2,200, according to the exchange rate of that year. Sustaining the continuous development of national economy, Hangzhou also develops the third industry vigorously. In 1998, the increase of the third industry was 27.5 percent of that of Zhejiang Province, 0.8 percent higher than the previous year in the proportion in the industry structure, and the proportion of employees in the third industry was 2.5 percent higher than that of the previous year.

Culture Hangzhou

Hangzhou has a brilliant and profound culture. Ever since the late Neolithic Period, the area has seen unique and colorful Liangzhu culture, Wuyue culture, Southern Song Culture and Ming-Qing culture, which formed a complete series of cultural development, making an important contribution to China's cultural history. The Hangzhou culture has nurtured and attracted numerous politicians, scientists, artists, national heroes, loyal officials, righteous persons,
Hangzhou Culture

judicious govemors and skillful craftsmen, who had make outstanding contributions to their country and their hometown's political, economic, cultural and social development, leaving great pages of historic literature for the city and contributing to the formation of Hangzhou's image and status as a "cultural county" and "historically famous city".
Since 1980s, Hangzhou has built quite a few museums that represent the Chinese culture, including the Chinese Tea Museum, Chinese silk Museum, Chinese Liangzhu Culture Museum, Southern Song Official Kiln Museum, Hu qingyu Pharmaceutical Workshop Traditional Medicine Museum and Zhang Xiaoquan Scissors Museum, further enriching the cultural content.
Reputed as a "cultural county" in its history, Hangzhou is now more developed in the fields of science & technology, education, and culture. There are more than 350 research institutes at state, provincial and municipal level, preliminarily forming a multi-level and multi-structure educational system, further carrying out the strategy of "building a prosperous city through science and education". Various cultural and artistic activities have been increasingly flourishing, with local dramas and operas contesting with each other actively, while journalism, publication, broadcasting and TV have been developed steadily, forming a complete educational system from kindergarten, elementary and secondary school to higher education and various vocational education and adult education, producing a great number of persons with ability for the modernization and construction.

Natural Ecological Environment Hangzhou

With beautiful natural scenery and rich tourism resources, Hangzhou is one of the key cities for scenery tourism in the country. According to the saying that "we have paradise in the heaven and we have Suzhou and Hangzhou on the earth", Hangzhou has long attracted people's admiration, with innumerous beautiful poems dedicated to it in eulogy.
Hangzhou is cove

Natural Ecological Environment
red by middle semi tropic evergreen broad-leaved vegetation, with a mean green coverage rate of 61.9 percent. Tianmu Mountain and Longtang Mountain in Lin'an City were listed as natural protecting areas atstate and provincial level. With mainly red earth and paddy soil, the earth of Hangzhou is suitable for planting tea plant and fruit tree, and Hangzhou is also one of the major producing areas of grain, oil,

cotton, hemp, mulberry and vegetables. The great rivers of Hangzhou include Qiantang River, Dongshao River and the Great Canal. Being the largest one in East China littoral, Xin'an River Reservoir has a capacity of 17.8 billion m3. With 1,078 islands in the reservoir, it is also called "the Thousand-Island lake". The West Lake, in the west of Hangzhou, is famous in the world for its perfect combination of natural scenery and human-built sight, with the glimmering lake and the reflection of the mountains on it setting each other off and forming a delightful scene.
It is a brightly colorful drawing of tourism with the green-wave rippling West Lake, surging rivers, the lush Tianmu Mountains, the two rivers with their beautiful scenes, valleys with outlandish rocks and cobblestones, magnificent temples, valuable and rare historical remains.
Hangzhou is a famous city for scenery tourism. In recent years the government of the city has invested a lot to further increase the city's afforestation, to improve its image and to create beautiful surroundings. As a result, the city has achieved a green coverage ratio of 31.8%.

A Survey of Tourist Industry Hangzhou

Rich in tourist resources, Hangzhou has two national scenery spots within its territory: the West Lake scenery spot and the Fuchun River, Xin'an River and Thousand-Island Lake (two rivers and one lake) scenery spot, along with one national nature reservations: the Tianmu Mountains Nature Reservation; and 2 national forest parks: the Thousand-Island Forest Park and Daqishan Forest Park. In recent years,
A Survey of Tourist Industry

Hangzhou carried out the developing strategy of "large Hangzhou, large-scale tour and great industry", and has formed a travel network based on West Lake Scenery Spot, reaching Shaoxing, Ningbo and Putuo in the east, Huangshan Mountain and Jiuhuashan Mountain in the west, with Tiantai Mountain, Yandang Mountain in the south and Moganshan Mountain, Shanghai, Suzhou, Wuxi and Nanjing in the north.
In 1998, Hangzhou received 510 thousand foreign tourists, earning $ 210 million; 2.121 million domestic tourists, earning 14.6 billion CNY. In 1998, Hangzhou was appraised as one of the first group of "Top Tourist Cities of China" and the West Lake Scenery Spot became one of the ten model civilized scenery spots in China.
Now there are 130 travel agencies, possessing guides and interpreters in 15 languages, in Hangzhou. The city possesses over 2,500 hotels, more than 140 thousand guestrooms and over 110 foreign-related hotels, more than 17 thou sand guestrooms, in which, there are 35 star-rated hotels and 7,760 guestrooms. The construction of Zhejiang World Trade Center, etc. provides favorable facilities for international and domestic meetings, exhibitions and tours on business.
In construction, Hangzhou has made heavy investment in the city's infrastructure, with the city's outlook changing each day. From Hangzhou Airport, there are more than 100 flights each week, departing for Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Beijing, Xi'an, Guiling and other domestic cities. The railway and road traffic network of Hangzhou with that of other areas is extended in all directions. 6 pairs of special tourist trains have been put into operation, together with other two pairs making stopover in Hangzhou. In road transportation, the Shanghai-Hangzhou and Hangyong Expressways have been put into operation. In addition, Hangzhou has built passenger wharf by the canal, sending out pleasure boats to Suzhou, Wuxi and other places. In the urban area, there are 101 traffic lines of buses and trolley buses, with 7 special tourist lines leading to scenery spots. Besides, there are more than 5,000 various taxicabs. Convenient and quick telecommunication network has been built, with DDD telephone to 2,115 cities and towns (areas) and IDD to 232 countries and regions.
Till the end of 1998, Hangzhou has formed friendly relationship with 8 cities in 7 countries, which include Gifu of Japan (in 1979), Fukui of Japan (in 1982), Boston of USA (in 1982), Baguio of Philippine (in 1982), Leeds of England (in 1988), Yosu of Korea (in 1993), Nice of France (in 1998), and Paramaribo of Surinam (in 1998). Hangzhou has also formed friendly relationship with 5 domestic cities, Lhasa (in 1993), Urumchi (in 1978), Haikou (in 1988), Hohhot (in 1995) and Harbin (in 1996).

City Flower and City Tree Hangzhou

City Flower and City Tree City Flower and City Tree
Sweet-scented Osman-
thus, the City Flower
Campor Tree, the City
Tree
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